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UCT OpenContent Launch
12 February 2010
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What is “Open Content”?Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials (usually digital) that can be:
Shared
Shared freely and openly
for …
Used
Improved
Redistributed
… use by anyone to … … adapt / repurpose/
improve under some type of license in order
to …
… redistribute and share
again.
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Example of Open Content
Original diagram in a PhD thesis …
Adapted for the Portuguese context … Translated
into Greek …
Adapted and translated to Spanish …
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The concept of Open Content …
• … is based on the philosophical view of
knowledge as a collective social product and the desirability of making it a social property (Prasad &
Ambedkar cited in Downes 2007:1).
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jordigraells/2098331968/
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
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Open Source Software in the Open Movement
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
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Open Access in the Open Movement
The Public Library of Science is a non-profit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource.http://www.plos.org/
The SHERPA/RoMEO service provides a listing of publishers' copyright conditions as they relate to authors archiving their work on-line.http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/
OpenDOAR is an authoritative directory of
academic open access repositories.
http://www.opendoar.org/
The Directory of Open Access Journals indexes
free, full text, quality controlled scientific and
scholarly journals.http://www.doaj.org/
Open J-Gate is an electronic gateway to global journal literature in open access
domain.http://www.openj-gate.com/
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
Open Access
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Open Licences in the Open Movement
http://creativecommons.org/
Creative Commons
GNU General Public License
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
Open Access
Open Licences
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Open Science in the Open Movement
The OpenScience Project is dedicated to writing and releasing free and Open Source scientific software.http://www.openscience.org/
The Open Dinosaur Project was founded to involve scientists and the public alike in developing a comprehensive database of dinosaur limb bone measurements, to investigate questions of dinosaur function and evolution.http://opendino.wordpress.com/
The Open Science Grid aims to promote discovery and collaboration in data-intensive research by providing a computing facility and services that integrate distributed, reliable and shared resources to support computation at all scales.http://www.opensciencegrid.org/
Advised by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Professor Nigel Shadbolt and others, government are opening
up data for reuse. The dat.gov.uk site seeks to give a way into the
wealth of UK government data and is under constant development.
http://data.gov.uk/home
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
Open Access
Open LicencesOpen Science
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Open Society in the Open Movement
Our Water Commons seeks to transform societal decision making for water stewardship towards participatory, democratic, community-centered systems that value equity and sustainability as a strategy.http://ourwatercommons.org/
Open Everything is a global conversation about the art, science and spirit of 'open'. It gathers people using openness to create and improve software, education, media, philanthropy, architecture, neighbourhoods, workplaces and the society we live in: everything. http://openeverything.wik.is/
Web of Change connects the foremost thinkers and do-ers in social media, technology, and social change. They are growing a community of leaders working for transformation of organizations and the world.http://webofchange.com/
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Open Content part of the“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
Open Access
Open LicencesOpen Science
Open Society
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What has enabled OER?
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Enabler of open content:Change in philosophy
• The Open Source Software movement led the way in showcasing the value of openness and the
‘architecture of participation’ (O’Reilly 2003)
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Enabler of open content:Affordances of the Internet
Openness has been stimulated by the Internet which has provided an opportunity for information and services to be shared, used and re-used in ways not conceivable (or affordable) in a paper-based environment.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/curiouslee/3485479724/
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Enabler of open content: Alternative copyright licensing
Previously copyright was binary: All rights retained or public domain
Copyright©
Public domain
Now alternative licensing options such as the GNU General Public License and Creative Commons provide a range of options where some rights are reserved
Copyright©
Some rights reserved Public domain
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Enabler of open content: A range of financial models
• Donor funding – e.g. Hewlett Foundation, Shuttleworth Foundation
• Marketing budget – e.g. Open University• Commission – e.g. MIT and Amazon• Endowment – e.g. Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy• Membership – e.g. Sakai Consortium• Government – e.g. UK £7.8 million grant
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Openness in higher education The emergence of openness
in higher education in the 21st century is part of the much larger social movement towards ‘opening up’ what was previously ‘closed’ to most except a limited number of people who paid for access to or use of information and services.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/11461909@N06/3925035856/
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The paradox of sharing • The OECD reflects that
"although learning resources are often considered as key intellectual property in a competitive higher education world, more and more institutions and individuals are sharing digital learning resources over the Internet openly and without cost, as open educational resources (OER) (2007:9).
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OER Champion: MIT
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OER Champion: Rice University
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OER Champion: Carnegie Mellon
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OER Champion: Open University
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OER Champion: Open University
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University of Michigan
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Yale University
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Indiana University
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Delft University of Technology
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Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
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Korea University
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Keio University
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Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico
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University of Southern Queensland
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OpenCourseWare Consortium
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Aggregating content: OER Commons
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Aggregating video: Academic Earth
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Aggregating podcasts: Steeple
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OER in South Africa: University of the Western Cape
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Collecting OER in Africa: OER Africa
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Four “open” projects at UCT
Funded by the Shuttleworth Foundation
Funded by the Shuttleworth Foundation
Funded by the Hewlett Foundation
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Opening Scholarship projectJuly 2007- Dec 2008
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UCT signs Cape Town Open Education Declaration April 2008
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Opening Scholarship outputs
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Health OER projectJan 2009-Dec 2010
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OER UCT projectFeb 2009-Feb 2010
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OER UCT project blog
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The UCT OpenContent directory
– Lists and describes the growing collection of open educational content at UCT
– Links this collection to international platforms and act as a mechanism for increasing the visibility of UCT-produced open content
– Facilitates reporting around questions such as:• Which OERs have been published by person X in my
department?• What OER content is available from my department?• How many OERs are in the UCT Collection?• To what extent is my department’s OER output promoting us
globally?
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UCT OpenContent: Contributor
Ed RybickiMolecular and Cell Biology
Introduction to Molecular Virology
Published: 2007
Format: Website/HTML
Link
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UCT OpenContent: Contributor
Kevin WilliamsHigher & Adult Education Studies & Development Unit (HAESDU)
Guide For Tutors In Disciplines In The Humanities And Social Sciences
Published: March 26, 2009
Format: PDFLink
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UCT OpenContent: Contributors
Laurel Baldwin-Ragaven and Leslie LondonSchool of Public Health and Family Medicine
• Training Trainers for Health andHuman Rights
Published: April 14, 2009
Format: PDFLink
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UCT OpenContent: Contributors
Tony Carr, Shaheeda Jaffer & Jeanne SmutsCentre for Educational Technology (CET)
Facilitating Online
Published: May 6, 2009
Format: PDF + Companion website Link
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UCT OpenContent: Contributors
Jean-Paul van BelleDepartment of Information Systems
NGO ICT and e-Readiness Self-Assessment Tool Discovering Information Systems Office XP for Business
Published: October 14, 2009
Format: PDF Ngo Guide: Link Office XP: Link Info Sys: Link
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UCT OpenContent: Contributors
Michael Paskevicius & Michelle WillmersCentre for Educational Technology
Open Teaching in a Digital Age
Published: November 2009
Format: PowerPoint on SlideShare
366 views in 4 months!
http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi/open-teaching-in-a-digital-age
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UCT joins the OCWCCheryl Hodgkinson-Williams
and Michelle Willmers submit the application to OCWC
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UCT launches OpenContent12 Feb 2010
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Sharing open content needs a change in values
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2732/4097078733_dd8527d319.jpg
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Conclusion
‘Today, a confluence of events is creating the perfect storm for significantly advancing education. With a growing inventory of openly available educational tools and resources, and with an increasingly engaged and connected community, transformative opportunities for education abound. (Iiyoshi & Kumar 2008:2)
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Thanks to• Prof Jo Beall• Prof Danie Visser• Prof Martin Hall• Eve Gray• Laura Czerniewicz• OER UCT team
– Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams– Stephen Marquard– Michelle Willmers– Michael Paskevicius– Roger Brown– David Horwitz– Shihaam Donnelly
– Nolu Tyam– Ermien van Pletzen
• Telamenta• Health OER team
– Greg Doyle
• University of Michigan– Kathleen Ludewig
• OER Commons• Creative Commons SA
– Tobias Schonwetter– Andrew Rens
• University of the Western Cape– Philipp Schmidt
• Shuttleworth Foundation– Karien Bezuidenhout
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Thanks to• All the UCT academics who have contributed
resources
Matumo RamifikengLana Van Niekerk Graeme CopleySean KaliskiCorne van WalbeekEve GrayCheryl Hodgkinson-WilliamsMichelle WillmersMichael PaskeviciusLaurel Baldwin-RagavenLeslie London
Ed RybickiKevin WilliamsDesiree McKie
Jane NashJean-Paul van Belle
Mike EcclesLisa Seymour
Tony CarrShaheeda Jaffer
Jonny MyersStephen Jeffrey
Peter de Jong
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References• Attwood, R (2009) Get it out in the open. Online:
http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=408300 24 September
• Downes S (2007) Models for sustainable open educational resources. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects 3: 29-44.
• Iiyoshi, T & Kumar, MSV (Eds) (2008) Opening Up Education: The collective advancement of Education through Open Technology, Open Content, and Open Knowledge. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
• O’Reilly, T (2003) The Architecture of Participation. Available online: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/wlg/3017 (Checked 4 October 2009)
• Yuan, L, MacNeill, S and Kraan W (2008). Open Educational Resources – Opportunities and Challenges for Higher Education. JISC CETIS. Available at http://wiki.cetis.ac.uk/images/0/0b/OER_Briefing_Paper.pdf [Accessed 4 February 2009].
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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 South Africa
License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/z
a/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco,
California, 94105, USA.
Cheryl [email protected]