DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
University of Brighton
Standard Specification for
Mechanical Services
February 2015
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
Standard Specification for Mechanical Services
Contents
1 Contract Documents .............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Related Documents .......................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Builders‟ Work................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Particulars of Work ........................................................................................................... 2
1.5 Plant and Equipment......................................................................................................... 2
1.6 Control .............................................................................................................................. 2
2 General Specification ............................................................................................................ 3
2.1 Boilers .............................................................................................................................. 3
2.2 Gas Fired Boilers .............................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Pumping Equipment ......................................................................................................... 6
2.4 Calorifiers and Cylinders ................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Water Heating ................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 University Standard Arrangement for New/Refurbished Toilets ......................................... 8
2.7 Cold Water Cisterns/Storage/Expansion Tanks .............................................................. 14
2.8 Pressurisation Sets ......................................................................................................... 15
2.9 Space Heaters ................................................................................................................ 15
2.10 Ductwork ......................................................................................................................... 18
2.11 Electrical Equipment and Wiring ..................................................................................... 21
2.12 Pipework/Tubing ............................................................................................................. 24
2.13 Valves and Cocks ........................................................................................................... 29
2.14 Additional Instrumentation .............................................................................................. 31
2.15 Thermal Insulation .......................................................................................................... 32
2.16 Painting........................................................................................................................... 35
2.17 Spacing of Services ........................................................................................................ 39
2.18 Identification of Services and Plant ................................................................................. 40
2.19 Testing and Commissioning ............................................................................................ 42
2.20 Operating and Maintenance Manual ............................................................................... 44
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Standard Specification for Mechanical Services
1 Contract Documents
1.1 General
The standard specification is a reference document for use by all electrical and mechanical
contractors undertaking general maintenance, repairs and new installation within the
University‟s buildings.
The document must be read in conjunction with the individual specification for each project
and schedule of work.
Where details have not been specified, use the document to form a basis for required
materials etc. to complete the work.
The document details the following:
Work standards;
Materials for particular projects;
Procedures;
Test requirements;
Documentation;
Safety standards.
1.2 Related Documents
The standard specification must be read in conjunction with, and take full account of:
Special conditions of contract;
Detailed Schedules of Work against particular projects;
Health and Safety at Works Act 1974 and regulations and statutory instruments
passed by Parliament, and codes of practice issued by the Health and Safety
Executive;
Workplace (Health, Safety, and Welfare) Regulations 1992;
The Management of Health and Safety at work regulations 1999;
The Provision and use of work equipment 1998;
Personal Protective equipment at work regulations 2002;
Manual handling Regulations 1992;
Control of Asbestos at work Regulations 2006.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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The Factories Act 1961;
Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulation 1999;
The Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998;
Institute of Gas Engineers Utilization Procedures (IGE/UP/1, IGE/UP/1A and
IGE/UP/2);
Hazardous Waste (England & Wales) Regulations 2005;
Environmental Act 1996; Environmental Protection Act 1990, and E.P.A. (Duty Of
Care) Regulations 1991;
BS 7671, 2004, the I.E.E. regulations for electrical installations, seventeenth
edition;
The Electricity Supply Regulations 1992;
Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996;
The University of Brighton Standard Specification for Electrical Services.
1.3 Builders’ Work
Unless specified, the electrical and mechanical contractors will be responsible for all builders‟
work associated with any mechanical or electrical work undertaken and must be completed
to the acceptable standard of the Employer.
1.4 Particulars of Work
The tenderer is responsible for all measurement and compilation of quantities required
together with visiting the site as necessary. No extras will be allowed on account of
insufficient knowledge or inaccurate measurements or error.
The contractor will be responsible for isolating, draining down and filling / venting systems to
which work is carried out. The contractor MUST label and lock off any valve or system he
isolates to indicate the service is being worked on. The label must state the contractors
name and contact telephone number.
1.5 Plant and Equipment
The Contractor shall provide all the necessary plant and equipment for the proper execution
of all specified and instructed works including scaffolding, lifting tackle, machinery and
appropriate tools. The contractor shall be responsible for the carrying the above to the place
where they are required, for the necessary erection and subsequent removal.
Please note: electrical work tools of above 110 Volts will not be allowed.
It will be necessary to provide written “Risk Assessment” and method statements against all
elements of work as required conforming to the Health and Safety at work regulations.
1.6 Control
All works will be controlled via the University‟s Estate and Facilities Management Department
under the direct control of the Building Services Engineer or Contract Administrator‟s
Representative (CAR).
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2 General Specification
2.1 Boilers
Boilers shall be of the type detailed in the schedule of works, being purpose-designed for
firing by one of the following methods and be compatible for connection to a TREND BMS. In
general apart from domestic installations, a minimum of two boilers shall be installed sized to
match the load.
Gas with forced air burner;
Gas with atmospheric burner;
Gas/ oil dual fuel forced air burner;
Gas Pre-mix burners
Boilers shall be erected and pipework connections made thereto strictly in accordance with
Manufacturer's instructions.
Each boiler shall be provided with the following mountings:
Safety valve
Altitude or pressure gauge
Thermometer
Emptying cock(s) or drain valve(s)
A distinct and easily visible number where two or more boilers are provided
numbered from left when facing front of boilers.
Where automatic control is specified all necessary fittings and equipment shall be provided
with the boiler.
All flues shall be constructed of Stainless Steel and be of Twin Wall design and shall satisfy
the requirements of the boiler manufacturer and including draught stabilisers where required,
liners, and terminals as necessary.
All boiler flue pipes shall be adequately supported and provided with cleaning doors and
15mm plugged tapping for flue gas sampling. Where a flue pipe enters a brick chimney the
Contractor shall supply a metal sleeve (25mm larger than flue pipe diameter) for building in.
The space between the sleeve and the flue pipe shall be caulked to a minimum depth of
50mm with non-combustible silk-glass rope. The flue pipe and sleeve shall finish flush with
the inside face of the flue.
Flues on Atmospheric boilers shall have provision to remove the draught Stabiliser for
service purpose without dismantling the flue system.
Where indicated a combined explosion-relief flue-access door and draught-stabiliser with an
adjustable counter-weighted metal vane shall be provided. All components shall be of
corrosion-resisting alloys.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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On an open vented system an open vent pipe shall be taken from each boiler but on
installation of two or more boilers the open vent pipe from each boiler shall be connected into
a common vent pipe through a three-way valve.
Boiler doors shall be fitted with stops to prevent damage to thermal insulation. Where
possible all controls shall be arranged so that they are accessible from the boiler front.
Where an oil/gas burner is hinged mounted a micro-switch shall be fitted to ensure that the
burner can only fire when the mounting is fully closed.
Immediately each boiler is erected and before connecting to any pipework, it shall be
hydraulically tested.
Before insulation is applied all joints in the combustion chamber and flue pass system shall
be satisfactorily sealed against leakage to suit the design pressure conditions of the
combustion chamber.
The boiler/burner manufacturers will be required to commission all new plant and a full set of
operating instructions and commissioning figures being forwarded to the CAR
2.2 Gas Fired Boilers
Unless otherwise specified all forced draught gas burners shall be manufactured by Riello or
Weishaupt.
All atmospheric gas appliances shall be automatic electric ignition (Not Permanent Pilot) and
be compatible with a TREND BMS system.
The University‟s preferred boiler type is fully condensing, with Broag or Atag being the
preferred manufacturer for commercial boilers, and Atag or Glow-worm for domestic boilers.
Gas Burners
Gas-fired boilers shall be capable of the duty indicated when burning gas of the calorific
value or gas group of the appointed “Shipper”. Gas burners shall be atmospheric, pre-mix, or
forced-air type complete with:
Flame failure device;
Adjustable water-way thermostat;
Overriding limit device (manual re-set type);
Gas pressure governor;
Electric ignition;
Suitable brass pockets to be provided for all thermostats.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Maintenance
Only manufacturer‟s replacement parts must be fitted to all burners unless otherwise agreed.
Modifications will not be allowed without prior written consent from the Building Services
Engineer or CAR
Pipework
The gas supply shall be run to the boiler(s) from the meter position as indicated, complete
with a master gas valve (lever operated ball pattern) positioned after the main enters the
boiler room and adjacent to the boiler room access door.
Adjacent to, and downstream of the master gas valve, an electrically operated gas
hydromotor type shut off valve shall be installed and wired to operate from the boiler room
fire /safety circuit.
Pipework should be sized to ensure that under full flow conditions the required pressure is
available at the burner inlet. There should be no undue pressure fluctuations due to varying
flow rates caused by operation of other plant and equipment on the same line. It must be
ensured that when all gas appliances are in operation there is sufficient pressure available
for the burner and also that the operation of one appliance will not affect the other.
All pipework should be in steel to BS 1387 with appropriate ungalvanised fittings and
adequate provision made for draining and cleaning.
Above each gas burner a fusible link type fire detector will be fitted complete with all
necessary wiring to:
Hold the valve open the electric gas safety valve under normal conditions;
Close the electric gas safety valve in the event of abnormal heat, and switch off
the boiler plant.
An Emergency stop switch shall be supplied and installed adjacent to the boiler room
entrance/exit and be connected to operate the fire/safety circuit. The installation will allow
ready access to all plant and components to facilitate operation of maintenance.
Full compliance with current standards and legislation must be implemented to ensure a safe
installation.
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2.3 Pumping Equipment
General
All pumps shall be installed in accordance with the Manufacturer's instructions with pipework
and electrical wiring arranged for easy removal and maintenance. On floor mounted
horizontal direct drive pumps, the motor shall normally be accessible from the front, to
facilitate maintenance.
Heating and Hot water primary circuits shall be fitted with two pumps (Duty and Stand-by).
Each pump shall be fitted with inlet and outlet isolating valves, and a non-return valve.
The University‟s preferred pump manufacturer is Grundfos.
BMS Controls associated with circulating pumps.
Pump failure will be monitored by the BMS system and will form part of the controls work.
Where inverter driven pumps are used each head must be provided with a permanent power
supply with the control and fault status activated/monitored by the TREND BMS system.
All pumps will be fitted with local electrical isolators.
All pumps will be fitted with inlet and outlet isolation valves and unions/flanges for ease of
removal.
Circulating Pumps
Heating and hot water service pumps will be as specified in the schedule of works. H.W.S.
secondary circulation pumps in direct contact with water will be constructed having bronze
bodies and stainless steel moving parts.
On Hot Water System Secondary Circulation circuits, only one pump shall be installed to
reduce the risk of Legionella forming in a standby set.
A spare pump head must be provided.
Sump Pumps
Sump pumps shall be of the automatic operating type as specified (Generally Grundfos).
Automatic pumps shall be complete with „failure alarm monitoring back to a prominent
position, a float switch mechanism, foot valve, and strainer. A union or flange shall be
provides to couple the pumps flexible pipework to the rigid above ground pipework, to ease
disconnection for maintenance. All open sump pits shall be covered by purpose made
chequered plate or grates, finished flush with the finished floor.
All motors and control equipment will comply with safety standards as detailed in the BS
7671, the 17th edition of the I.E.E. Regulations and University of Brighton Standard Electrical
Specification.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.4 Calorifiers and Cylinders
Calorifiers and cylinders shall be of the size, capacity and recovery rate as specified and
contain the following:
An altitude gauge;
A thermometer;
An open vent pipe on systems open to atmosphere, or manufacturer‟s unvented
kit;
A thermostatic control (as indicated);
A safety thermostat control (manual re-set);
A water sample test point at the bottom of the unit;
A drain cock;
An over pressure Relief valve;
Temperature and pressure Relief valve on mains unvented systems.
All storage calorifiers, unless otherwise specified, shall be stainless steel, high efficiency,
and fast recovery, suitable as singular or multi-modular installation.
On installations of two or more high output calorifiers, each unit must have its own separately
run safety vent NOT discharging over the cold water storage tank.
All storage calorifiers/cylinders above 300 litres capacity shall be fitted with detachable
bolted ends and hand holes, and a water sample point from the lowest level. Hand holes
shall be not less than 150mm diameter and shall be provided with cover secured by studs
and nuts. Joints shall be made with approved jointing material.
2.5 Water Heating
Direct Fired Gas Water heaters shall be internally protected by Permmaglas Ultra coating,
and incorporate a control system which enables a Legionella prevention program. The unit
shall be room sealed, condensing and un-vented where possible.
The University‟s preferred manufacturer is A.O.Smith, with their BFC unit meeting the above
requirements, but any product from their range may be accepted.
In general all Electric point of use water heaters will be manufactured by Zip Water Heaters,
and be of the un-vented type (Zip Varipoint III, or the Zip Aquapoint III) with 2.2kW heater
elements.
The units shall be fitted with manual reset over temperature thermostats, control thermostats
with a range between 20-75º C, and an expansion relief valve set to 6 bar.
Over sink instantaneous electric water heaters shall be manufactured by Heatrae Sadia and
Express model.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.6 University Standard Arrangement for New/Refurbished Toilets
These standards are for new toilets either in existing buildings or in new builds, and for
refurbished toilets. The main aims are to conserve water, prevent scalding to occupants and
standardise on material quality.
Flexible hose connections are not permitted for hot and cold water tap outlets.
The preferred option is for waterless urinals and blended hot water through a single
self-closing tap for hand washing with the hot supply being served from the builds central hot
water plant. If central plant is not available or if long dead-legs would be created, then local
electric water heating will be required. If on refurbishment work it is found that the drainage
system is not suitable for waterless urinals then a cistern and flush controls system should
be used.
Note: All work must comply with „The Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999‟ and
any later amendments.
Under the above regulations dual flush WCs can now be used as long as the part flush does
not exceed 1/3 of full flush, which is now 6 litres on new works. It is only necessary to install
dual flush WC cisterns in ladies toilets.
Only competent persons to install any water systems.
Standard Arrangement for Urinals connected to cold water down service (preferred
option) or mains supply (A):
Standard urinal bowls are to be used with standard waste fittings (i.e. NOT specialist
waterless urinal fittings). Urinals will subsequently be served with biological chemical cubes.
Connect the flush pipe/s to a cold water down service (preferred option) or a water main via
a time flow control valve (Mira TF503) for use by the cleaner. If connected to a mains water
supply then install a type DC pipe interrupter Valve (Nabic Type 2565) below the flow control
valve (single urinal installation only), all installed below the main isolation valve (Crane D191
or D171).
On multi urinal installations a break/cistern must be installed and connected to a time flow
valve (Mira TF503) for use by the cleaner.
Flush pipe work shall be in 15mm stainless steel with purpose made fittings and the pipe set
where necessary.
Standard arrangement for Urinals when using a cistern type (D)
Standard urinal bowls are to be used with standard waste fittings (i.e. NOT specialist
waterless urinal fittings). Urinals will subsequently be served with biological chemical cubes.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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The flush pipes shall be served from a local cistern with a time flow control valve fitted, for
use by cleaners.
Standard Arrangement for Basins with existing hot and cold water supplies (B)
From new local isolating valves (Crane D171 or D191) extend to a point as close a possible
to underneath the basins and install an Oventrop Brawa-Mix blending valve complete with
strainers and NRV‟s. From the outlet of this blending valve connect to DOUGLAS DELABIE
Time flow taps fitted to the basins. ( A 15mm Oventrop Brawa-mix valve will serve 2 / 3
basins. If 4 basins, a 22mm blending valve can be used, but if more than 4 basins it is best to
have a 15mm blending valve serving a pair of basins.) Each blending valve set must have it‟s
own hot and cold service valves, and each basin tap must have a service valve.
The outlet temperature from the blending valve shall be set at 42º C.
Where this arrangement is used, then single hole tap basins are best.
OR (E)
As above for the blending valve, but with an infra-red sensor operated tap normally with the
sensor built in to the spout as in the Armitage Shanks Sensor Flow systems. This type of
system is best used when there is space to mount the control boxes, wiring and solenoid
valves inside a Vanity unit, or where a new „system type‟ toilet refurbishment is being
installed.
Standard Arrangement for Basins when Cold water main supply only is available (C)
Install over the centre of each basin a Heatrae Sadia Concept or Handy 3 type
instantaneous electric water heater. The mains water supply to each heater shall have a
service valve installed underneath the basin. Each heater shall have an electrical isolator
located at high level (out of wet hand reach) and a flex outlet adjacent to the heater.
Standard arrangement for basins when cold mains supply only and elbow taps
required for medical use
Use the same pipework arrangement as system „B‟ but the hot supply will be provided by a
Zip unvented electric water heater, normally located under the sink, sized for the number of
basins (normally a Zip AP 50, 5 litres capacity, or a Zip AP 100, 10 litres capacity). The water
heater should be set at 60º C and the blender valve used to serve the single elbow lever tap.
Disabled Toilet basins
If a Twyford‟s DOC-M Super pack has been specified, then it will come with an approved
TMV-3 thermostatic mixer tap (single hole tap). If this tap is not supplied, then use a Mira
Rada Termotap-3. This also for use in a single hole basin and must be connected to
balanced pressure hot and cold water services. Both of these options must have service
valves on the hot and cold supplies.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Useful Contacts:
Self-Closing Taps:
Model Tempostop basin tap 15 sec code 745250
Douglas Delabie
7 Henderson House
Hithercroft Road
Wallingford
Oxfordshire
OX10 9DG
Tel: 01491 824449
Oventrop Brawa-mix blending valves and Nabic type 2565 DC pipe interrupter:
Pipeline Centre or BSS
Sensor Flow Taps:
Armitage Shanks PIR Basin Mounted Proximity Taps (Ref 95.050.149) plus control unit (Ref
7963002) for up to 10 taps.
Available from BSS group
Instantaneous Water Heaters:
Heatrae Sadia Express over-sink instantaneous water heater.
Available from PTS – 01273 466801
Mains Unvented Electric Water Heaters:
Zip AP50 or AP100
Available from PTS – 01273 466801
Urinal Flush Control:
Smartflush SF103B
Available from:
Springwell Microelectronics Ltd.
197 Raikes Lane
Birstall
Batley
West Yorkshire WF17 9QF
Tel: 01924 420029
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Elbow Operated Tap:
Pegler type 2158 QT050H
Available from PTS – 01273 466801
Mira Rada Thermotap-3
Available from PTS – 01273 466801
12
13
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.7 Cold Water Cisterns/Storage/Expansion Tanks
All storage vessels shall be of the capacities and sizes specified and constructed of glass
resin reinforced plastic.
One piece or split moulded tanks shall be manufactured from unsaturated polyester resin
reinforced by glass fibre chopped strand materials built to BS 4994 and unaffected by the
extremes of temperature. The inner surface of the tank must be smooth with generous radii
to facilitate official and thorough cleaning.
All one-piece tanks must be evenly supported over the whole base area on a flat level
surface.
Moulded sectional tanks will be erected on site in full accordance with the manufacturer‟s
requirement for base mounting. All panels are to be UV stabilised and self-coloured to
eliminate on site painting and jointed with purpose sealant and stainless steel bolts.
All new tanks must conform to the current Water regulations and include a close-fitted lid;
screened warning pipes/overflows and vents.
All tanks will be pre-insulated as specified or with either wrap round insulating jackets or
purpose built sections including pre-made insulation. On larger section tanks a bolted
inspection/access hatch will be provided as specified.
Each tank/cistern will be fitted with an equilibrium type ball valve of the specific size and
suited to the available mains pressure.
Overflow pipes shall be at least twice the diameter of the normal size of the ball valve fitted
or 32mm diameter, whichever is the greater and comply with the latest water regulations.
Multi-pool tanks will be connected to a common overflow system with the main discharge
pipe being of a 50mm minimum diameter run to a predominant position on the outside of the
building so ensuring an overflow is easily identifiable.
All pipe connections above 50mm diameter to be secured by full face metal flanges with
pipework being fully supported.
In general, the mechanical contractor will ensure that when replacement tanks are required,
the supports/platform is suitable and in good sound order. Should any doubt occur or repairs
be required further advice must be obtained from the CAR
During inspection or maintenance visits please report to the CAR if the area is unsafe to
work in or poorly illuminated so the necessary safety improvements can be implemented.
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2.8 Pressurisation Sets
Will be as specified and installed/commissioned by the manufacturer to suit the system and
will include:-
High and low pressure switches;
System pressure gauge;
Unit pressure gauge;
Facility to connect to the TREND BMS system
The high/low pressure switches shall be interlocked to shut down the boilers and pumps on
high or low system pressure situations. If used in conjunction with BMS system suitable
alarms should be included in the control circuit.
The University‟s preferred manufacturer is Mikrofill EFD unit. Where these are installed a
filtered electrical supply will be required for these units.
Expansion vessels shall be correctly sized to match the system and be of the correct type.
2.9 Space Heaters
Radiators
Radiators shall be of the high output and low water content and sized as specified and
manufactured to BS EN 442 1997.
The positions of radiators and heights above floors and below window sills shall be
confirmed with the CAR before ordering. The minimum clearance between the floors and the
underside of a radiator shall be 150mm and it is essential that radiators and valves do not
project above the underside of the window sill.
Each radiator shall be provided with a chrome plated union wheel valve, or thermostatic
radiator valve on the flow and lockshield valve on the return.
The use of domestic model valves is not acceptable.
Each radiator shall be provided with an air vent plug or chrome plated air cock.
Each radiator shall be provided with purpose designed supports to suit the type of radiator
and wall construction.
The University‟s preferred manufacturer is Stelrad Elite or Rettig Purmo compact range, and
Stelrad LST2 type radiators.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Natural Convector Heaters
Convector heaters shall be of the types and patterns specified, being complete with back
plates and dampers. Where recessed, concealed or built-in convectors are specified details
of the openings and of any fixings or framing required shall be supplied.
Two supports shall be provided for each wall-mounted convector not exceeding 1.2m long
and three supports for each convector longer than 1.2m.
Natural convector heaters shall be provided with air cocks accessible from the front or side
without dismantling the casings.
Unless otherwise indicated, all flow connections shall be provided with union valves with
wheel handles and return connections with union valves with lockshields.
Fan Convectors
Fan convectors shall be suitable for 230 volts supply and complete with fan speed set at low,
a low temperature cut out thermostat, washable filter, lockable access panel, 100mm plinth
(floor standing only), connections for remote room thermostat, air discharge from lower grill,
and powder coated casing.
Additional requirements for thermostatic controls, time switches, etc. shall be specified, with
the mechanical contractor being responsible for all external wiring and connection including
bonding from an adjacent electrical supply.
The University‟s preferred manufacturers are Thermal Heating Systems, and S+P Coils ltd.
The Thermal units for floor standing shall be their „Q‟ units, and wall / ceiling units shall be „K‟
units TT type and powder coated white.
Continuous Perimeter Heating
Perimeter heaters shall be of the radiant or combined radiant/convection types, or steel-
encased finned tube convection type as specified.
They shall be complete with all ancillary items including back plates, internal and external
cover strips, dummy sections, valve boxes and control dampers etc. so that each heater
presents a continuous unbroken appearance.
A seal shall be provided at the back of each heater to prevent streaking of the walls.
Copper connecting pipework between the elements of continuous perimeter convectors shall
have capillary or compression joints to suit the finned elements in accordance with the
Manufacturer's requirements. The tube shall be of the same grade and diameter as the
element tube. Expansion bellows with integral guides as supplied by the Manufacturer shall
be fitted into the connecting pipework.
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Perimeter heaters shall be provided with readily accessible air cocks and unless otherwise
indicated, union valves having non-metallic wheel handles on the flow connections and union
valves with lockshields on the return connections.
Erection of perimeter heaters shall be strictly in accordance with Manufacturer's
recommendations.
The University‟s preferred manufacturer is Thermal Heating Systems.
Radiant panels
Radiant panels etc. shall be of the ratings and dimensions specified.
All surface plates shall be smooth and free from buckles and waves. Where connections
pass through the sides of the panel they shall be sealed effectively. The space between the
edges of the panel and the wall or ceiling surface to which the panel is to be attached shall
be completely sealed.
Unit Heaters
The rated capacity, operating conditions, patterns and controls of unit heaters shall be as
specified.
Heaters shall be provided with two or more points of suspension and shall be so suspended
that their direction of discharge can be adjusted as necessary.
Flow connections shall be provided with union valves with wheel-handles and the return
connections with union valves with lockshields.
Electrical connection will be required to an adjacent supply with the provision of overload
protection on fan circuits above 1kw.
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2.10 Ductwork
Ducting
All ductwork must conform to the following specifications and be installed by a specialist
agent/manufacturer, in accordance with CIBSE current guides of practice
Ducting will be constructed from cold rolled, annealed, flattened galvanised mild steel sheet,
true in section, not twisted with knocked-up longitudinal seams on ducting of 0.6mm and
0.8mm thickness.
Ductwork over 0.8mm thick, must have riveted longitudinal seams with rivets at
approximately 35mm centres with edges dressed down flush to produce an airtight joint.
Ductwork connections to equipment in plant rooms to be manufactured from 1.6mm thick
galvanised steel sheet as detailed above.
All ducting external to Plant Rooms shall have swaged slip joints, the lap in each case being
not less than 40mm. Slip joints shall have solid or welded corners and shall be arranged in
the direction of air flow. The joints shall be secured with rivets or self-tapping screws at
50mm centres in ducts having sides smaller than 1000mm and by 12mm x 6mm diameter
mushroom headed screws, spring washers and captive nuts at 70mm centres in ducts
having sides greater than 1000mm.
Flanged joints must be provided and secured on all ductwork connections to equipment and
be of the same section as recommended for intermediate stiffness with bolts at 100mm
centres. Where angle frames are fitted the corners of the duct shall not be split and the ends
of the ducts shall be lapped over the angle 15mm. The corners of all angle joints shall be
neatly rounded off unless they are mated to a unit with square cornered angles.
Bends must be constructed with a radius to the centre of the duct not less than the depth of
the duct. Those with a radius less than 300mm shall have internal guide vanes which are
evenly spaced approximately 100mm apart.
The leading edges of all such vanes shall be covered with solid rubber strip to minimise
excess noise.
Expansions and contractions in all ductwork shall have an included angle of not more than
30º.
Where ductwork passes through the building fabric i.e. walls, floors, 13mm felt gaskets or
sleeves shall be provided and covered by 32mm angle flanges fixed to ductwork.
All joints shall be sealed finally with 50mm grey, self-adhesive duct tape, or a suitable mastic
compound.
Suitable access panels shall be provided in the ductwork to enable cleaning and inspection.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Test points for sampling air velocities and temperature must be provided consisting of a
25mm diameter aperture covered by a screwed plate, the number and location will be
specified by the CAR
All measurements for ducting shall be taken on site as the work proceeds and working
drawings of all proposed ductwork shall be submitted to the (CAR) for general approval prior
to fabrication. Details of air volumes and velocities in ducts and grilles will be calculated to
enable the Contractor to balance the systems and on completion, to submit a written
schedule giving details of mean air velocities and volumes at each grille diffuser and louvre.
Supports
All ductwork shall be supported rigidly and at centres to prevent sagging and vibration on
purpose-made hangers. No supports shall be constructed from material lighter than that
specified for the angle joint flanges and each length of duct must be supported separately
and at centres not greater than 2 metres apart. Hair felt or other sound absorbent material
shall be placed between duct supports and ducts.
Dampers
Include for the supply and fittings of dampers where indicated on the Drawings. The multi-
leaf opposed blade type shall be of regulation pattern with a suitable number of double leaf
blades not wider than 230mm and set in a frame with angle iron flange connections. In the
Plant Room the dampers shall be fitted with a metal scale with raised letters indicating
"Open" and "Shut" and intermediate positions. Elsewhere "Open" and "Shut" positions shall
be clearly indicated.
Butterfly dampers shall be of the single plate pattern constructed from 14 gauge galvanised
mild steel sheet bolted to a 12mm diameter mild steel rod supported in bosses welded to the
ductwork and fitted with an adjusting lever. "Open" and "Shut" positions shall be clearly
indicated on the ductwork.
Fire Dampers
Fire dampers shall be either (i) single plate dead-weight pattern or (ii) interlocked multi-
shutter pattern. (iii) connection to the fire alarm system.
Single Plate Fire Dampers
These shall be constructed of galvanised mild steel sheet, at least 1.7mm thick, suitably
braced to prevent distortion. When closed, the damper shall fit closely against a galvanised
mild steel angle frame, with a minimum overlap of 20mm. The clearance between the
damper and the sides of the duct shall be 0.01mm per 1mm length of damper side.
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Multi-Shutter Dampers
These dampers shall comprise a series of continuous interlocked galvanised steel shutters,
each shutter of not less than 1.7mm thickness, mounted in a rolled galvanised mild steel
frame. The damper when used in the vertical position to be clearly marked to indicate the
top. Where the damper is to be mounted in the horizontal position the closing action of the
dampers to be spring actuated.
Connection to the Fire Alarm
On particular installations as specified, fire dampers will be connected to the local 12/24 volt
smoke head circuit to operate on action of the fire alarm. The damper to be automatic
opening on re-setting of the fire alarm system.
Generally
All dampers shall comply with the British Standard Code of Practice. Fire dampers are to be
held in the open position by means of an approved pattern fusible link or other suitable
device set to operate at 68oC. The link to be fixed in an exposed position in the centre of the
leading blade, each half of the link to be attached to an angle bracket by means of a
galvanised mild steel chain.
Fire dampers shall have a minimum fire resistance of 2 hours. Where longer periods of fire
resistance are called for, two dampers, each of 2-hour standard shall be used.
Fire dampers shall be installed completely in accordance with the Manufacturer's instructions
and when ductwork mounted, shall have an inspection door in a convenient position adjacent
to the damper, large enough to facilitate testing and maintenance of both the damper and its
actuating device.
Access Doors
Provide and install access doors, with rubber linings or gaskets on all ducts at intervals, at
ductwork connections to all fans, dampers, filters etc., for inspection, cleaning and
maintenance purposes.
The openings in the ductwork shall be properly stiffened at the edges with wrought iron
frames riveted or welded to the duct, the door being similarly stiffened at the edges and
cross braced, with rubber sealing joint mounted on each door. Each door shall be secured in
the closed position by means of wing nuts or other quick release fasteners. Doors shall
follow the sizes shown on the Drawings, but where such dimensions are not given, the
access area provided by each door shall equal two-thirds of the cross-sectional area of the
ductwork covered.
Cleaning access doors unless otherwise specified will be positioned on all horizontal take
offs from vertical risers and at each change of direction, excluding short lengths of stub ducts
where terminals can be removed for cleaning.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.11 Electrical Equipment and Wiring
Motors and Control Gear
All motors shall be continuously rated, fractional hp motors being totally enclosed but motors
larger than 1 hp shall be screen protected and drip proof.
Motors on fan convectors and automatic control equipment shall be suitable for single phase
supply but all other motors shall be suitable for 3-phase supply unless otherwise specified.
Each motor shall be controlled by a suitable starter with adjustable overloads manual reset
and single phase prevention as necessary but without no volt release unless otherwise
specified. Starters shall otherwise be rated for intermittent duty and be suitable for direct on
line starting for motors up to 5hp rating and for star-delta starting for larger motors.
Motors under automatic control shall have starters arranged for automatic restart when
voltage is restored following interruption of mains supply.
Contactor operating coils shall be supplied at not more than 230 volts, and be fitted with DC
rectification, where operation is remotely controlled a protective fuse shall be provided.
Each starter shall be controlled by an isolator except in the case of duplicate pumps where a
changeover switch shall be provided.
Where starters are mounted remote from motors, an isolator shall be fitted adjacent to each
motor and clearly marked.
The mechanical Contractor must allow to undertake all internal wiring, connections and
bonding on all powered mechanical plants from an adjacent isolator installed by others.
Control Panel
The switchgear and equipment shall be 500v pattern with distribution boards being supplied
with 2 spare ways per phase in addition to those required for any future equipment specified.
Supplies from fuse spur units will not be acceptable.
Where multiple items of equipment, i.e. distribution boards, circuit breakers, starters,
isolators etc. are located together as in the boiler room or elsewhere as specified, they shall
be housed in a purpose made cubical type control panel. The panel shall be fabricated of
2.0mm thick mild steel with all external corners and corner angles neatly rounded, hinged
front access door incorporating a key operated isolating switch, the whole to have a
hammered stove enamelled finish.
All equipment shall be housed within the panel but with control rotary switches, reset buttons,
selectors and instruments mounted in the face of the panel. “Run” and “Tripped” indicator
lamps shall also be provided in the face of the panel for all starters. Overload reset facilities
shall be provided on the face of the panel, with all items clearly marked with engraved labels.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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All internal panel wiring shall be in P.V.C. insulated cable arranged in purpose made looms
and complete with numbered terminals and terminal tabs, all to British Standards
requirements for control panel wiring.
The final location of the panel and layout of the equipment thereon shall be agreed with the
CAR on site.
Space shall be provided on the panel to accommodate the isolator.
On small installations the use of multi-service units contained in a rust protected steel
container complete with DIN rail mounting will be acceptable as detailed in the Schedule of
Works.
Three sets of panel wiring diagrams will be required with all new works and where any
significant wiring alterations to a panel system have been undertaken. These must be
submitted for approval before the installation can be accepted as complete.
See „University‟s Standard BMS Controls‟
Temperature Controls
In general all new control panels will incorporate a TREND Control system, which will
monitor the plant, and allow control from the central office, but allow hand control from the
site.
Controls for the heating and/or hot water services systems shall be as detailed in the
Schedule of Works and shall be commissioned and tested to comply with the current BS
7671, 16th edition of the I.E.E. regulations.
Where BMS is not used, all time clocks shall be of the quartz range containing synchronous
motors with a spring reserve or battery backup of not less than 24 hours.
Wiring
The system of wiring shall, in general, be P.V.C. cables to BS 450/750volt grade, with heat
resistant cable being used in positions adjacent to boilers and on all connections to water
thermostats and valves. The cable to be encased in H.G. galvanised conduit run on the
surface of walls and ceilings and secured at intervals of not more than 1.2m by means of
purpose made distance saddles fixed to the walls/ceilings with brass c/s wood screws. No
conduit runs will be allowed within the floor screed or secured surface to the floor.
Galvanised trunking shall be installed where multiple runs of conduits are necessary, i.e.
more than four conduits. A clearance of 5mm shall exist between wall surfaces and
electrical conduits and 150mm between gas, water and steam pipes and electrical conduits.
Where practicable, conduits shall not be installed directly above hot water pipes.
The conduit system shall be carefully planned and erected to avoid all unnecessary bends,
sets or change of direction. Not more than two right angle bends and not more than four
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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sets shall exist between consecutive draw-in or inspection boxes; purpose made elbows and
tees shall not be used. Termination of conduits at equipment shall be by means of socket
and brass male bush.
Final connections to equipment and motors shall be carried out using copex flexible conduit,
bonding wires (earth) between fixed conduit system and equipment or motors being wired
externally.
Electrical connections to all burners shall be by means of a multi-pin socket and plug, with
screw top and scraper earth.
Circuit Identification and Labelling
All switchgear and distribution boards shall be identified by attached white engraved labels
secured by screws and with black lettering adequately describing the function of unit or
circuit controlled.
Standard colour phase buttons shall also be fitted to the outside of all switchgear and
distribution boards to indicate to which phase they are connected. Prior to completion of the
work, circuit schedules shall be provided for the distribution board clearly describing the
nature of the load connected to each circuit, wattage and rating of protection. The individual
circuit cables and protective devices within the distribution boards will be clearly labelled and
identified on a separate schedule contained in a purpose made frame, either secured
adjacent to the board or internal door of the respective control panel.
The wording of all circuit lists and labels shall be approved by the CAR before they are
made. The typed circuit lists, and wiring diagrams shall be framed and secured inside the
panel.
In order to ensure the correct operation of all controls, relevant circuit details shall be
obtained from the Manufacturers.
Testing
On completion of the work a full test will be required as detailed in accordance with BS 7671
and the results to be entered on an official NICEIC/ECA Test and Completion Certificate and
submitted within 14 days to the CAR
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2.12 Pipework/Tubing
Tubing shall be of the following type and quality as specified in the description/Schedule of
Works:
NOTE: Flexible connections are not acceptable on hot and cold water services and tap
outlets.
Heating Installation
Mild steel Heavy quality to BS1387;
Light gauge copper to BS EN 1057-R250, Table X.
Hot Water Service
Including all discharge pipes from safety valves and AAVs, both heating and HWS.
Light gauge copper to BS EN 1057-R250, Table X;
NOTE: Where there are extensions or alterations to existing galvanised hot and cold water
systems then use the Uponor Unipipe multilayer composite system.
Cold Water Service
Underground - Blue MDPE (Medium Density Polyethylene) pipe to BS 6572 Internal - Light gauge copper to BS EN 1057-R250, Table X Gas and Oil Fuel Lines
Above Ground - Mild steel medium quality, black. Wrapped with Denso waterproof tape where external. Internal gas services to be finished with yellow ochre paint and gas marker tape
Underground - Gas Services: plastic covered mild steel medium quality tube
with screwed joints. Joints to be double wrapped with Denso waterproof tape to a minimum of 150mm either side of screwed joint. Or Yellow Medium Density Polyethylene gas distribution pipe to British Gas Engineers standard PS/PL2 Part 1 with electro fusion fittings. Oil Lines: mild steel medium quality black to BS 1387 with welded joints, protectively wrapped with Denso waterproof tape.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Gas Pipework
All workshops, Kitchens and laboratories shall have a “Master Gas Valve” installed adjacent
to the normally used exit. This “Master Gas Valve” shall isolate all gas to the room served.
All gas isolating valves shall have a pressure test point fitted downstream for tightness
testing purpose and be labelled „Master Gas Valve‟.
Foam Inlets, Overflows and Heating Vents
Mild steel, medium quality shall be used.
NOTE: Some overflows as specified will be allowed in plastic tubing.
Joints and Fittings
Unless otherwise indicated, joints and fittings shall be as follows:-
Steel Pipework
For pipework up to and including 50mm diameter, malleable screw joints shall be used
complying with BS EN 10242. These shall have taper threads to BS21 and shall be made
with suitable jointing material.
For pipework above 50mm diameter, joints may be either screwed or welded.
To facilitate future dismantling where pipework is connected to an appliance, valve or
elsewhere, ground-in spherical seated unions shall be used for pipework up to and including
65mm diameter and flanges for pipework above 65mm diameter. Mating flanges for items of
plant and equipment, excluding valves, shall be fabricated of the same material and table as
the plant and equipment. All other flanges shall be Carbon steel to BS 4504 (metric) or BS
10 (imperial), and the joints made with non-asbestos joint rings (BS7531) and compound.
Screwed fittings other than sockets shall be malleable cast iron, banded or beaded pattern,
screwed BSP thread (BS EN 10242). Purpose-made welded fittings shall be used on welded
pipework.
Copper Pipework
Generally all copper fittings will be from the Yorkshire „Xpress‟ or „Geberit‟ system, but where
it becomes impractical do use this system, or on Gas services then use Yorkshire solder
ring Capillary type fittings with lead free solder shall be used. Compression fitting in general
will not be allowed unless agreed with the CAR
NOTE: A Hot Work Permit will need to be obtained from the CAR prior to any soldering or
hot work commencing.
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All flux and solders used must conform to the requirements of the Water Regulations.
Jointing compounds will only be of the following:
Gas - Boss Gastite, or equivalent to BS 5292. Water services - Boss green potable water pipe jointing compound (U.K. National
Water Council Approved), Boss PTFE or GTPTFE (larger sizes) to BS 6956 part 5.
PVC or Polyethylene Pipework
On UPVC and ABS tubes solvent welded fittings shall be used, or Electro fusion fittings.
On water polyethylene tubes compression fittings with internal ferrules shall be used.
On Gas Polyethylene tube electro fusion fittings shall be used.
General (Fittings and Connections on all Jointing)
Pitcher tees, bends, twin elbows etc., shall be of the same size as the pipework connected to
them. Bushing shall NOT be used, with the exception of restricted space, and then only by
permission of the CAR.
Square tees shall be used where short sweep fittings could cause air to be trapped in the
system, especially on dead-leg branches of domestic hot water supply systems and on all
cold water installations.
Eccentric reducing sockets shall be used to facilitate air-venting and draining and where
changes of diameter are made in runs of nominally horizontal pipework.
Bends shall be used, in preference to elbows, except in boiler and plant rooms.
The execution of welding and competence of the welder shall be in accordance with the
current edition of "Welding of Mild Steel Pipelines Work" issued by the Heating and
Ventilating Contractors Association in conjunction with the NJC for the Plumbing Industry.
The CAR shall have the right to call upon the Installer:
• To demonstrate the quality of the welder‟s work;
• To submit welded samples for further examination;
• To produce the applicable certificate of competence, e.g. Coded welder on
pipework of above 4” (100mm) or on medium temperature or pressure pipework;
When welding, soldering or cutting with a torch, every precaution shall be taken to prevent
fire and the CAR must be informed and a “Hot Working Permit” issued prior to work
commencing.
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Pipework must be reamered after cutting and shall be free from burrs, rust, scale and other
defects and shall be thoroughly cleaned before erection.
All open ends of pipework left during the erection progress of work shall be blanked off with
purpose-made metal or wood plugs or blank counter flanges, until final connection is made.
All pipework routes shall follow lines of walls, floors and ceilings etc., as directed by the CAR
External surfaces of pipes or insulation thereon shall have a clearance of 25mm between
pipes, a minimum clearance of 100mm from floors, 75mm from ceilings and 25mm from the
finished face of walls or other surfaces.
Joints shall not be made in the thickness of any floor, wall or ceiling and pipework shall not
be embedded in the structure of floor unless otherwise indicated or instructed by the CAR
All pipes passing through walls, floors or ceilings shall be provided with sleeves cut to allow a
projection of 3mm beyond the finished wall except in lavatory blocks or kitchens where
projection shall be 50mm above finished floor level. The sleeves shall be of the same
material as the tube.
All visible hot and cold water supply pipework, fittings and brackets etc. within shower
compartments or run through showers etc. shall be of heavy duty chrome plated or stainless
steel. All pipework shall be prefixed on site and approved by the CAR prior to chrome
plating.
Pipe Supports, Expansion and Anchor Points
Spacing brackets shall be sufficient to ensure adequate support of pipe-work but in all cases
shall not exceed the distances detailed below.
Nominal Bore Intervals for Horizontal Runs Intervals for Vertical Runs
15mm 1.8m 2.5m
20 to 32mm 2.5m 3.0m
40 to 50mm 3.0m 3.6m
65mm and over 3.6m 4.5m
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Supports for Copper and PVC Pipework
Nominal Bore Intervals for Horizontal Runs Intervals for Vertical Runs
15mm 1.5m 1.8m
22 and 28mm 1.8m 2.4m
35 and 42mm 2.4m 3.0m
54mm 2.4m 3.0m
67mm and over 3.0m 3.6m
Where in contact with copper pipework, all brackets and clips shall be constructed from
copper or brass. Chrome pipework in showers shall have chrome on brass clips fitted with
chrome or stainless steel screws.
All low level pipework in rooms shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 1.5m.
In addition to above, all vertical pipes shall be supported at the base and at least one other
point. Branches from risers shall not be used to support the riser.
Pipework in trenches and ducts shall be positioned as high in the trench/duct as possible and
supported by means of suitable steel supports built into slots left in top of the trench with
carrying rods and split pipe rings up to 65mm, above 65mm purpose-made supports shall be
used. Each pipe shall be supported individually.
Pipework in ceiling spaces shall be supported upon angle iron or suitable steel brackets.
Retaining 'U' bolts shall be provided on alternative angle irons to prevent lateral movement.
Pipework shall be supported to allow free movement for expansion and contraction,
particularly at the ends of long runs where a change of direction occurs.
Provide and fix anchor points in positions as detailed on the Drawings.
Venting
All pipework shall be installed to enable systems to be adequately vented, and wherever
necessary air cocks fitted. Air bottles or automatic air vents shall be fitted where shown on
the drawings, and when contained within a void or false ceiling the location will be indicated
by a plastic disc of colour and style to that approved by the CAR.
Air bottles shall be made from 50mm tube approximately 225mm long fitted with a cap and
6mm air cock. They shall be fitted to equal tees or have 50mm connections where the main
is 50mm bore or over. Where an air bottle is fixed out of reach a 6mm extension tube shall
be run from the cap to within 150mm of the floor, terminating with a 6mm needle-seated key-
operated air cock.
All Automatic Air Vents shall have a service valve and a drip lines taken to within 150mm of
the floor level which shall be run in 15mm copper tube.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Draining
All systems shall be installed so that the whole of the pipe runs and vessels can be
completely drained.
Draw-off cocks shall be provided on boilers, cylinders and vessels, at all low points and
where indicated on the Drawings.
Final Connections
All pipework shall be connected direct to all ball valves, taps on all sanitary fittings, flushing
cisterns, kitchen, laundry and sluice equipment etc. in full compliance with current Water
Regulations, and shall include service valves.
2.13 Valves and Cocks
Generally, valves and cocks shall be of the patterns specified, with matt finish to bodies and
shields: where exposed to view in rooms, valves and cocks shall be polished chrome plated
finish, with connections matched to pipework.
All valves shall be fitted in accessible positions for operation and maintenance. Lockshield
valves shall be fitted with closed shields.
Unless otherwise specified stopcocks shall have crutch handles and be fitted with fixed
jumpers for hot water and cold water tank supply and loose jumpers for cold water mains
supply.
Each gas appliance shall be fitted with a suitable pressure governor (which shall be supplied
with the appliance), an isolating valve, and a non-return valve when specified.
Safety and relief valves shall be suitable for the operating conditions of the systems and as
indicated or required by the British Standard (or BS-EN equivalent) for the boilers, calorifiers
or pressure vessels to which they are connected. They shall be of the totally enclosed
spring-loaded type with padlock and shall have a full bore discharge connection fitted with a
copper waste pipe to within 150mm of the floor, suitably supported and set to discharge
away from the vessel.
Ball float valves shall be equilibrium pattern of the sizes indicated and shall suit the cisterns
specified. Ball float valves for use with feed and expansion cisterns shall be arranged to shut
off when the cistern contains 150mm of water. The floats of ball valves shall be of heavy
copper with brazed or bronze welded seams and boss, or but may be of plastic for cold water
cisterns.
Where modifications or extensions to existing services are to be carried out, all valves and
cocks which are to be removed and re-fixed shall be thoroughly cleaned, overhauled and
glands repacked before re-use, to the satisfaction of the CAR.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Each mixing valve for domestic hot water service shall be of the thermostatic type to the
pattern specified, and be complete with lockshield service valves, strainers and non-return
valves on the inlets and, where indicated, a lockshield valve on the outlet, the whole in
chrome plated finish.
Multi-point mixing valves shall be provided with locked temperature control (i.e. key-
operated) set to the temperature specified.
All mixing valves and associated equipment shall be installed strictly in accordance with the
Manufacturer's recommendations and/or instructions, with particular reference to the
positioning of the strainers. Compliance to Water Regulations.
The following valves are approved for use:
3 way vent valves - Up to and including 50mm Boss 9645 Over 50mm Model 1688 by Brownall.
Auto air eliminators - Spirax AE 30CV and to be fitted with service valve.
Relief Valves - Pre-set spring loaded type with lockable bonnet.To Relevant British Standard (pressure rating must be stamped on the body)
Drain off cocks - Crane Model D171 H/U in plant rooms and voids etc.
- Crane D340 or Boss 371 ls in public areas.
Isolation Valves - Up to and including 50mm Crane Model D171 lever operated ball valves or Boss 9665. 65mm and above, Bonded liner threaded lugged pattern butterfly valve Boss or Crane F614, or Cast Iron Gate valve type Crane FM 124, Boss 7XS.
Flow Measurement Regulating Valve
- Crane Model D930/ DM930 double regulating Valves (DRV)
Master Gas Valve - Crane D191
Radiator Valves - Wheelhead and Lockshield, Oventrop Combi 4 lockshield or Pegler Bellmont II Polished chrome plated valves to BS 2767-10. (on copper pipework compression connections will be accepted)
Thermostatic radiator valves - Oventrop series A, or AV6 with Uni DG white head
Bronze Check Valves - Boss or Crane Swing pattern
Strainers - Boss or Crane “Y” pattern to suit the application.
Service Valves (water) - For service valves on copper water pipework to Basins, WC / Urinal cisterns chrome plated Allen key operated ball valves with compression connections will be accepted
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Electric Gas Shut-off valve
- Johnson Hydromotor type 240 volt
Oil Fire Valves - Alcon electric DC Rectified
Gas Non-Return valves - Amal Otan.
Heating and Hot Water control valves
- Satchwell lift and lay pattern control valves or Belimo equivalent
Type BA back-flow preventer - Nabic fig 255, Danfoss BA 2760, Honeywell BA
Type CA back-flow preventer - Danfoss CA 296
Type EB check valve - Honeywell RV284, Mira CV 1015
Type DC pipe interrupter - Nabic Type 2565
HWS Blending Valves - Oventrop Brawa-mix complete with strainers and NRV‟s
Time Flow control valves - Mira TF503
Laboratory bench gas taps - Brownall lift/turn type compliant to BS 1552
2.14 Additional Instrumentation
Thermometers
In addition to boilers, cylinders and calorifiers, thermometers shall be fitted in the following
positions:
On each heating return in Boiler Room;
On each water outlet of each 3-way mixing valve as specified;
Thermometers shall be fixed so that the tails are truly subjected to the temperature
of the water to be measured and shall be fitted in a separate brass pocket (filled
with oil or grease);
Right angle or obtuse angle thermometers shall be provided for fitting to vertical
pipes or vertical faces of cylinders etc.;
Thermometers for pipework and vessels shall be of the dial type having steel back
with chrome plated bezel and graduated 0oC to 100oC or to suit the application;
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Altitude Gauges
Altitude gauges, where specified, shall be steel backed with chrome plated bezel. They shall
be calibrated to not less than 1⅓ (one and one third) times and not more than twice the
operating pressure.
In addition to the indicating black pointer, gauges shall be provided with an adjustable red
pointer set to indicate the normal working pressure or head of the system. The gauges shall
be so assembled that the glass has to be removed to adjust the pointer. Gauges shall be
fitted with lever handle plug cocks.
In addition to the indicating black pointer, gauges shall be provided with an adjustable red
pointer set to indicate the normal working pressure or head of the system. The gauges shall
be so assembled that the glass has to be removed to adjust the pointer. Gauges shall be
fitted with lever handle plug cocks.
2.15 Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation shall be to current British Standards, BS 5422:2001, BS 5970:2001 and
applied to the following:
All boilers, steel flues and vessels in the Boiler/Plant Rooms.
All pipework (excluding open vents, drains, blowdown/discharge pipes, air and gas
services) in Boiler/Plant Rooms.
All pipework (excluding drains, air and gas services) in ceiling, roof spaces, pipe
casings, voids and tank rooms.
All water pipework, external above ground, and pipework in external and internal
ducts.
Ventilation ductwork where indicated.
Other locations as indicated.
The insulation thickness tables included in this specification are in accordance with
BS 5422:2001 which is specified by DETR as the basis of qualification for
Enhanced Capital Allowances for thermal insulation and as a means of complying
with Building Regulations, Part L (Conservation of fuel and power)
All materials shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer‟s
recommendations.
Thermal insulation shall be as follows:
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Boilers
Boilers (where not provided with manufacturers insulating jackets as standard) shall be
insulated with mineral wool insulating sections, and be finished with polished aluminium
sheet of 0.50mm thick, secured with pop rivets or sherardised self-tapping screws.
Vessels
Vessels (where not provided with manufacturers insulating jackets as standard) shall be
insulated with mineral wool or foil faced phenolic foam insulating sections, and be finished
with polished aluminium sheet of 0.50mm thick, secured with pop rivets, sherardised
self-tapping screws or aluminium banding. On chilled and cold water vessels the foil facing
shall be fully sealed to provide a continuous vapour barrier at all joints, terminations and
protrusions through the insulation. Care shall be taken to avoid damaging the vapour barrier
when installing the cladding. Phenolic foam shall not be used on vessels operating above
100ºC.
Pipework
All pipework, unless otherwise specified, shall be insulated with mineral wool or phenolic
foam foil faced sections which shall be secured with purpose made tape. On chilled and cold
water pipework the foil facing shall be fully sealed to provide a continuous vapour barrier at
all joints, terminations and protrusions through the insulation. Phenolic foam shall not be
used on pipework operating above 100ºC.
Pipe Supports
Proprietary high density load bearing phenolic foam insets shall be installed at all supports
for chilled and cold water pipework.
Different types of finish may be specified, but in general the following types will be used:-
In Boiler Rooms the finish shall be polished aluminium sheet of 0.50mm thick, secured with
pop rivets or sheridised self-tapping screws or banding. Seams shall be aligned and where
possible be obscured from view. Bends and tees shall be formed from purpose made
aluminium fittings, with ends of sections finished with purpose made aluminium end caps.
Care shall be taken to avoid damaging the vapour barrier when installing the cladding.
Surface mounted external of plant room shall be finished with semi rigid rolled plastic
sheet of 0.35mm thick (Isogenopak), secured with purpose made nylon/plastic rivets. Seams
shall be aligned and where possible be obscured from view. Bends and tees shall be formed
from purpose made fittings, with ends of sections finished with purpose made aluminium end
caps.
In Ceilings, Voids, Pipe casing, and Tank rooms it shall be finished with factory applied
Bright Class „O‟ reinforced aluminium foil, with all joints sealed with purpose made foil tape.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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On external pipework it shall be finished with silver „Ventureclad‟ system.
On external Ductwork it shall be finished with silver metal cladding.
Valves
All valves and un-insulated flange joints in the plant room shall be insulated with purpose
made wrap around valve/pipe jackets. These jackets shall be attached with the use of Velcro
and drawstrings.
General
Insulation shall always be finished off separately around each pipe. Flanges and valves shall
be insulated unless otherwise specified. Pipe insulation shall be terminated prior to the
flange with enough room to remove the flange bolts without damaging the insulation
Flanges and valves shall be insulated with proprietary removable insulated covers. Prior to
insulation being fitted, all steel pipework shall be treated with two coats of red oxide paint. All
exposed sections of pipework following insulation shall be finished with black gloss paint.
Copper pipework shall be cleaned thoroughly to remove all moisture, surplus flux, building
material debris and dust.
No insulation to be fitted until all pipework has been hydraulic tested and approved by the
CAR.
Cold Water Storage and Feed and Expansion Tanks
All cold water storage tanks, including the feed and expansion tank, shall be completely
lagged with Resin bonded mineral wool or phenolic foam foil faced slabs having properly
formed joints. Slabs should be adequately fixed to tanks with metal bands or general
purpose adhesive and proprietary insulation pins; corners of tanks to have metal angle
complete height of tank to prevent metal bands cutting into the insulation.
The top slab where necessary be in sections to facilitate removal.
Boiler Flue Insulation
Insulation shall be placed over a 25mm air space formed by means of expanded metal
lathers supported on metal spacing stools to ensure a rigid assembly.
Rigid mineral wool sections 40mm thick shall be applied, being securely wired and reinforced
with 25mm mesh X 1.0mm galvanised wire netting, the whole to be finished with polished
aluminium.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Ductwork Insulation
Rigid phenolic foam foil faced duct slab insulation shall be used. The insulation to be cut to fit
so that top and bottom pieces overlap the sides and fixed and finished as silver metal
cladding.
Duct Supports
Proprietary high density load bearing phenolic foam inserts shall be installed at all ductwork
supports.
Finishes
Where exposed in plant rooms the finish shall be polished aluminium sheet. All joints to be
secured with pop rivets or sherardised self-tapping screws or banding. Care shall be taken to
avoid damaging the vapour barrier on cold air ducting. On inspection/cleaning doors (which
will not be insulated) the aluminium finish shall be formed around the opening to enable the
access door to be removed without disturbance to the insulation.
In voids and roof spaces the finish shall be aluminium foil with all joints sealed with purpose
made foil tape. Where external or a weatherproof finish is required, a black neoprene
membrane (Polyisobutylene or Oponal) shall be used with all joints having a 50mm overlap,
sealed with solvent welding agent.
2.16 Painting
All materials and brackets to be used in the installation with the exception of those formed
from copper, gunmetal or bronze or finished galvanised, shall be given two coats of Red
Oxide paint. All steel or cast-iron goods which show signs of rust shall be carefully wire
brushed down, all rust removed prior to painting.
After fitting and testing of all pipework, all black pipework shall be thoroughly cleaned and
painted with two coats of Red Oxide. Screwed joints only on galvanised pipework shall be
thoroughly cleaned, and painted.
Upon completion of the thermal insulation all unlagged pipework, cast iron valves, hangers
and brackets within Boiler Rooms, Plant Rooms and Tank Rooms shall be painted two coats
of Red Oxide primer and finished with heat resistant gloss Black paint.
Where special additional paintwork or finishes are required to be provided on particular
pieces of equipment, such finishes are specified separately. Gas pipework in Boiler and
Plant Rooms shall be finished to I.G.E. Regulations, Yellow Ochre to BS 08 C 35.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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APPENDIX 1 – THICKNESS TABLES – in accordance with BS 5422:2001
Table 1: Environmental thickness of insulation for non-domestic heating installations to
control heat loss (Reference BS 5422: REV 2001 – Table 12)
Steel pipe size (mm)
Hot face temperature of installation (oC)
+75 +100 +150
Thickness of Insulation (mm)
NB
OD
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Mineral wool only
15 21 15 30 15 40 50
20 27 15 40 20 40 60
25 34 20 40 20 40 60
32 42 20 40 20 50 65
40 48 20 40 25 50 65
50 60 20 40 25 50 65
65 75 25 40 25 50 75
80 89 25 50 30 60 75
100 114 25 50 30 60 75
150 168 25 50 35 60 75
200 219 30 50 35 60 80
250 273 30 50 35 60 80
300 324 30 50 35 60 80
Vessels and flat surfaces
35 50 40 65 90
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Table 2: Thicknesses of insulation for chilled and cold water supplies to prevent
condensation on a low emissivity outer surface with ambient air conditions of 25ºC and 80%
rh (Reference BS 5422:REV2001 – Table 8)
Steel pipe size (mm)
Temperature of water (oC)
+10 +5 +0
Thickness of Insulation (mm)
NB
OD Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
15 21 15 20 15 25 20 30
20 27 15 25 15 30 20 40
25 34 15 25 20 30 25 40
32 42 15 25 20 30 25 50
40 48 15 30 20 30 25 50
50 60 15 30 20 40 25 50
65 76 20 30 25 40 30 50
80 89 20 30 25 40 30 50
100 114 20 30 25 40 30 50
150 168 20 40 30 50 35 60
200 219 20 40 30 50 40 60
250 273 25 40 30 50 40 65
300 324 25 40 35 60 40 65
Vessels and flat surfaces
30 50 40 65 50 80
Table 3: Environmental thickness of insulation for domestic central heating installations
(+75ºC) and hot water supply systems (60ºC) to control heat loss in potentially unheated
indoor areas with ambient air temperature of 1ºC (Reference BS 5422:REV2001 – Table 14).
Outside diameter of copper pipe (mm)
Water temperature of 60ºC/75ºC
Thickness of insulation (mm)
Phenolic foam Mineral Wool
10 15 25
12 15 25
15 15 30
22 20 40
28 20 40
35 25 40
42 25 40
54 25 50
Cylinders 35 50
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Table 4: Environmental thickness for ductwork carrying warm air (Reference
BS 5422:2001 – Table 1)
Temperature difference between air inside ductwork and ambient air (ºC)
10 25 50
Environmental thickness of insulation
Phenolic foam
Mineral Wool Phenolic foam
Mineral wool Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
20 40 25 50 35 65
Table 5: Thickness of insulation for condensation control on ductwork carrying chilled air in
ambient conditions 25oC, 80%rh for insulation having a low emissivity finish 0.05
(Reference BS 5422:REV2001 – Table 10)
Minimum air temperature inside the ductwork (ºC)
15 10 5 0
Thickness of insulation (mm)
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
Phenolic foam
Mineral wool
20 30 25 50 40 75 50 100
APPENDIX 2 – APPROVED INSULATING MATERIALS
A PHENOLIC FOAM (Temperature up to 100ºC)
A1 Phenolic Foam Pipe Insulation
Rigid cfc-free “Class O” phenolic foam, pre-formed bore-coated pipe sections
having nominal density of 35kg/m³ and thermal conductivity of 0.018 W/m.K at 10ºC
mean temperature. Supplied complete with factory applied “Bright Class O
reinforced aluminium foil facing. Kooltherm pipe insulation as manufactured by
Kingspan Insulation Ltd or equal and approved.
A2 Phenolic Foam Laminated Slabs
Rigid cfc-free “Class O” phenolic foam laminated slabs having a nominal density of
40 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity of 0.018 W/m.K at 10oC mean temperature.
Supplied complete with factory applied “Bright Class O” reinforced aluminium foil
facing Kooltherm Ductslabs as manufactured by Kingspan Insulation Ltd or equal
and approved.
A3 Phenolic Foam Laminated Slotted Slabs
Rigid Slabs as described under A2 are back-slotted to provide sufficient flexibility for
application to cylindrical surfaces of 350mm diameter and above.
A4 Load Bearing Phenolic Foam Inserts for Pipe and Duct Supports
Rigid cfc-free “Class O” high density phenolic foam purpose designed pre formed
pipe support inserts and duct support strips supplied with factory applied “Bright
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Class O” reinforced aluminium foil facing. Kooltherm K-Blocks and Duct Support
Strips as manufactured by Kingspan Insulation Ltd or equal and approved.
B MINERAL WOOL (Temperatures up to 230ºC
B1 Mineral Wool Pipe Insulation
Rigid bonded “Class O” mineral wool, pre-formed sections having a normal density
of 80 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity of 0.037 W/m.K at 50oC mean temperature.
Supplied complete with a factory applied “Bright Class O” reinforced aluminium foil
facing. Crown SA Pipe Insulation is manufactured by Owens Corning Alcopor Ltd or
equal and approved.
B2 Mineral Wool Rigid Slabs
Rigid bonded “Class O” mineral wool slabs having a nominal density of 48kg/m3 and
thermal conductivity of 0.034 W/m.K at 10oC mean temperature. Supplied complete
with a factory applied “Bright Class O” reinforced aluminium foil facing. Crown Rigid
Duct Insulation as manufactured by Owens Corning Alcopor Ltd or equal and
approved.
B3 Mineral Wool Flexible Blanket
Flexible bonded “Class O” mineral wool blanket having a nominal density of 28
kg/m3 and thermal conductivity of 0.034 W/m.K at mean temperature. Supplied
complete with a factory applied “Bright Class O” reinforced aluminium foil facing.
Crown Universal Ductwrap as manufactured by Owens Corning Alcopor Ltd or equal
and approved.
B4 Mineral Wool Lamella Mat
Bonded “Class O” mineral wool mat having a nominal density of 24 kg/m3 and
thermal conductivity of 0.040 W/m.K at 10oC mean temperature. Supplied complete
with factory applied “Bright Class O” reinforced aluminium foil facing. Crown Lamella
Mat as manufactured by Owens Corning Alcopor Ltd or equal and approved.
2.17 Spacing of Services
Before the installation of mechanical services commences, it is essential that arrangements
are made with other trades to ensure a minimum clearance of 150mm from other services.
Where underground services (gas, water, electrical, GPO and television cables etc.) are to
be accommodated in a common trench, the spacing, separation and depth of all services
shall not be less than the minimum requirements of the Public Utility providing the service,
and the accepted standard of practice.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.18 Identification of Services and Plant
On completion of a new boiler/plant room installation or revamp, a system identification
installation chart and pipework schematic will be required positioned in the boiler/plant room.
All pipework and ductwork in boiler and plant room, insulated or not, will be identified
detailing individual services and direction of flow. The identification will follow the form of
bands provided on the entry and exit from the boiler or plant room as well as connections to
items of plant or equipment all to BS 1710, 1984.
Valves and damper charts will be positioned with the system installation and pipework
schematic as agreed with the CAR indicating number, size, location and duty of each valve
or damper. The charts will be typed on A4 size and encapsulated before fixing to the
wallboard with brass screws. Two further copies of these charts on A4 paper will be required
by the CAR before completion of the project.
All valves, cocks and dampers in boiler or plant rooms, roof spaces, ceiling voids, trenches,
ducts and tank rooms will be individually numbered, having white plastic laminated discs
clearly figured in black fixed to the appropriate item by means of a brass „S‟, ring clip, or
chain.
Each circulated pump and fan shall also be identified as above with circuit/area served on
the control panel and on the pump and fan unit.
System Identification Installation Charts
System Schematics
Supply and fix a referenced schematic diagram (or diagrams) of all systems as installed,
including equipment and ancillary schedules. Show scheduled information on diagram.
Identify all items by appropriate reference characters as agreed with the CAR.
On all projects where additional plant is added to the existing installation, an „installed
drawing‟ will be required detailing the date of work plant, type and size, pipework runs,
connection points etc. to be submitted with the final invoice.
Control Schematics
Supply and fix a referenced schematic diagram (or diagrams) of all control systems as
installed, including equipment and ancillary schedules. Show scheduled information on
diagram.
All drawings will be encased with a perspex glazed sheet contained in a suitable frame with
mounting attachments.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Pipework Identification
Standards
Colour code and label to BS 1710: 1984
Primary
Apply colour bands, 300mm wide, to each Identification pipe at least: once in every room or
enclosed area at intervals not exceeding fifteen metres at every junction, at every valve, at
every inspection and access position into service shafts, false ceilings, bulk heads etc.
Secondary
Apply colour bands, 50mm wide, and Identification superimpose a legend identifying circuit,
direction of fluid or gas flow, nominal pipe bore and, where appropriate, fluid or gas pressure.
Legends and Flow Direction Arrows
Apply to colour bands by transfers of an approved type.
Valve and Cock Identification
Standards
Identify each valve, cock, stop valve, air vent, drain cock etc. with disk engraved with
numerical reference, except where exposed in occupied areas (unless otherwise indicated).
Colours
Use primary and secondary identification colours of associated system for painted or self-
colour disks.
Discs
Securely attach metal or laminated plastic discs, minimum diameter 35mm to each item.
Legends
Engrave disks with permanent characters, minimum height 6mm.
Danger and Warning Notices
Hazardous Systems
Colour code and label hazardous systems and equipment to requirements of Health and
Safety Executive Guidance Notes, and the instructions of the CAR.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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2.19 Testing and Commissioning
All Mechanical Services other than Gas
The whole of the heating installation, hot and cold water, oil services, and ventilation plant
shall be subjected to pressure and performance tests.
Before any tests are carried out, 48 hours‟ notice of such tests shall be given in writing to the
CAR in order that he may be able to witness tests if required.
Should any section of the works be tested without any notice having been given to the CAR,
such test shall be again carried out in his presence and if the work has been covered up it
shall be uncovered without expense to the University.
Pressure tests shall be carried out as required and before any non-conducting composition
or paint is applied.
Pressure tests shall be of 30 minutes duration with the pressure equal to one and a half
times the head of water on the apparatus or 350 kPa (3.5 bar) whichever is the greater,
except for pipework in floor or external ducts which shall be tested to 700 kPa.
Immediately each boiler is erected and before connecting to pipework it shall be hydraulically
tested to above pressure.
Oil and air pipework or plant shall be pneumatically pressure tested, with water pipework and
plant being hydraulically pressure tested.
Due allowance must be made to provide the necessary water or air pressure pumps and all
necessary plugs, blank flanges and temporary filling connection etc. for sealing off open
ends in order that the installation may be tested in sections if required by the progress of the
building operations.
Any faulty materials revealed during such tests shall be removed and replaced without
expense to the University.
All heating and water systems shall be flushed out with clean water until all scale, rust and
dirt are removed, and then disinfected in accordance with the new water by-law. During the
flushing out, provision shall be made to exclude filters, pumps, mixing valves and other items
of plant which could be damaged by the cleaning operations.
On completion of potable water supplies and following a successful pressure test, the system
shall be sterilised to comply with HS (G) 70.
Before the above flushing out is carried out, 48 hours‟ notice shall be given in writing to the
(CAR) in order that he or his representative may be present.
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The following specific performance test will be required to demonstrate the satisfactory
operation of each system installed.
Boiler Plant
Pressure and output tests (giving flow and return temperatures and time taken from cold to
achieve design temperatures when fully operational).
Efficiency tests giving CO2, O2, NOx and CO content, smoke number, flue gas temperatures
at boiler flue outlet and burner oil or gas pressure and Burner input rate. The commissioning
and testing of boiler/burner plant shall be carried out by the boiler/burner manufacturer.
Heating System
Circulation and operating tests giving flow and return temperatures of each circuit, room
temperatures, settings of all thermostatic equipment and settings of automatic control
equipment.
Demonstration shall be given to the CAR of the operation of each piece of control equipment
with simulated conditions as necessary. Where automatic control equipment, with or without
mixing/diverter valves is installed, the control equipment Manufacturer shall carry out the
commissioning and testing.
Water Supply Systems
Flow checks at all draw-off points and ball valves shall be made.
Circulation tests on H.W.S. systems as for heating system with all draw-offs closed.
Ventilation Plant
Air flows and temperatures at all inlet and outlet positions and efficiency tests and pressures
of filters as necessary.
Should any of the systems fail to operate due to faulty materials or workmanship, any
removals and reinstatements shall be without expense to the University.
Certified copies of all test results (in duplicate) shall be submitted to the CAR.
Due allowance must be made to train operating staff in the proper firing, regulation and
maintenance of the entire installation, including pumps and all control gear and oil burners.
Provide and fit in an approved position in the Boiler Room, Instructions for Operation of the
Installations. The layout and wording shall be agreed with the CAR, after which they shall be
photo-printed on to a white laminate board. Provide two further copies of these instructions
on A4 sheets.
DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
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Gas Installations
The whole of the gas services shall be subjected to pressure and performance tests. Before
any tests are carried out 48 hours‟ notice of such tests shall be given in writing to the CAR in
order that he or his representative may be present.
Should any section of the works be tested without notice having been given such test may be
required to be carried out again in the presence of the CAR, and if the work has been
covered up it shall be uncovered without expense to the University.
On completion of the pipework - or section(s) of same if required by the progress of the
building operations - prior to connections to appliances and gas meter the whole shall be
tested to IGE/UP/1 or IGE/UP/1A Procedures at a pressure of 1.5 times the maximum
operating pressure.
On completion of all connections to gas appliances and meter the valve on the inlet side of
the meter shall be closed and the whole installation tested to IGE/UP/1 or IGE/UP/1A
Procedures.
Purging - Prior to the gas installation being put into service all gas pipework shall be purged
as detailed in the IGE/UP/1 or IGE/UP/1A procedures.
The installation shall have pipework and all appliances lit to ensure gas is available to
support combustion. All governors to be adjusted as necessary.
Carry out performance test by checking that flow at outlets, pressure settings of governors
and input consumption of all equipment to conform to Manufacturer's specifications.
A line diagram of all gas pipework, above and including 25mm diameter, shall be fitted
adjacent to the meter position as called for in Gas Safety Regulations. This to be photo-
printed on to a white laminate board. A copy of this line diagram and the gas soundness
certificate shall be submitted to the CAR.
The Completion Certificate will not be issued until this Clause has been complied with
completely.
2.20 Operating and Maintenance Manual
(Two hard copies and one electronic copy on a CD)
On completion of any major works an operating and maintenance manual will be required to
be produced containing schedules of plant, test results, records and drawings etc. The
document must be to the accepted standards of the CAR and be in a bound typewritten form.