Download - Unit III - Planning
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Unit III - Planning
MARIA REYLAN M. GARCIA, R.N.
Central Philippine UniversitySchool of Graduate Studies
LESSON PRESENTATION
Lopez-Jaena Street, Iloilo City
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a. Define planning as an element of management and of nursing practice
b. Arrange the different components of the planning hierarchy
c. Identify the reasons or purposes of planning
Objectives
At the end of the interactive discussion, the graduate students will be able to:
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d. Differentiate the four modes/orientations of planning and the different types of planning
e. Describe the strategic planning process using the 9-method approach
f. Differentiate the budgeting methods of fiscal planning
Objectives
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g. Criticize a planned expenditure using a decision package of the Zero-based budgeting approach
h. Verbalize the importance of the components of planning hierarchy in the entire dynamics of an organization
i. Make a personal vision, mission and philosophy
Objectives
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I. DEFINITION OF PLANNINGa. Planning in the Management Process
b. Planning in Nursingc. Planning Hierarchy
II. REASONS/PURPOSES OF PLANNING
III.TYPES OF PLANNINGa. Modes/Orientationb. Strategic Planning
Topic Outline
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Topic Outline
c. Operational Planningd. Fiscal Planning
e. Tactical Planning
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Failure is not an option in nursing.
Introduction
He, who fails to plan, plans to fail.
Plans may become the best weapons.
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Planning is deciding in advance what to do; who is to do it; and how, when, and where it is to be done.
Definition
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Definition
Henry Fayol wise use of
resources and the selection of the best approaches
proactive and deliberate process
PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
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PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Definition
skills like vision, creativity, flexibility and energy
continuous process
management functions are interdependent
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PLANNING IN NURSING
Definition
Nurse administrators do not want to leave events to chance
provide nursing care desired and needed by the clients
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PLANNING HIERARCHY
Definition
Vision and Mission
Philosophy
Goals and Objectives
Policies and Procedures
Rules
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VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS
Definition
Vision statements are used to describe future goals of the organization.
Mission statements are brief statements identifying the reason why an organization exists.
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PHILOSOPHY STATEMENTS
Definition
The philosophy flows from the mission statement and then delineates the set of values and beliefs that guides all actions of the organization.
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GOALS AND OBJECIVES
Definition
A goal is the direct result toward which effort is directed; it is the aim of the philosophy.
Objectives are similar to goals; but they are more specified and measurable than goals because they identify how and when the goal is to be accomplished.
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POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Definition
Policies are plans reduced into statements or instructions that direct organizations in their decision-making.
Procedures are plans that establish customary or acceptable ways of accomplishing a specific task and delineate a sequence of steps of required action.
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RULES
Definition
Rules and regulations are plans that define specific action or nonaction.
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WRITE YOUR OWN
Activity
VISION MISSION PHILOSOPH
Y
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Reasons
increases the chances of success forces analytic thinking and
evaluation of alternatives establishes a framework for
decision making orients people to action rather
than reaction includes day-to-day and future-
focused managing
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Reasons
helps avoid crisis management and provides decision-making flexibility.
basis for managing organizational and individual performance
increases employee involvement and improves communication
cost-effective
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Types
MODES / ORIENTATION
Reactivism Inactivism Preactivism Proactivism
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Types
TACTICAL PLANNING
short-term planning Lower-level units The plans only span for
one year or less because of short-term goals.
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Types
STRATEGIC PLANNING
long-term planning involves a long
period, usually three to ten years
forecasts the future success of an organization
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The Mission and the Creed
Data Collection
and Analysis
Assess strengths
and weaknesses
Types
9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
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Goals and Objectives
Strategies
Timetable
Types
9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
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Operational and
Functional Plans
Implementation
Evaluation
Types
9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
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Types
9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
1. The Mission and the Creed2. Data Collection and
Analysis3. Assess strengths and
weaknesses4. Goals and Objectives5. Strategies
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Types
9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
6. Timetable7. Operational and
Functional Plans8. Implementation9. Evaluation
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Types
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
This is the written blueprint for achieving objectives
management plan Support tactical
plans
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Types
FISCAL PLANNING
It is forecasting the costs of the organization based on current and projected needs.
Budget estimates expenditures and revenues by an agent for a stated future period.
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Types
4 COMMON BUDGETING METHODS
Incremental Budgeting Flexible Budgeting New Performance
Budgeting Zero-based Budgeting
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Types
ZERO-BASED BUDGETING
This type of budgeting method does not automatically assume that since a program has been funded previously, it should continue to be funded.
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Types
ZERO-BASED BUDGETING: EXAMPLE
On implementing a mandatory Hepatitis B vaccination program at
a nursing school
Objectives Driving Forces
Restraining Forces
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Types
ZERO-BASED BUDGETING: EXAMPLE
On implementing a mandatory Hepatitis B vaccination program at
a nursing school
Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3
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References
Marquis, B., & Huston, C. (2009). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application 6th edition. 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Roussel, L. (2006). Nursing Management and Leadership 4th edition. 40 Tall Pine Drive, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishing, Inc.
CliffsNotes. (2012). Detailing Types of Plans. Retrieved January 10, 2012, from http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Detailing-Types-of-Plans.topicArticleId-8944,articleId-8871.html