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Unit 7 – Quiz 1You may use your reading packet. 1. List a reason why German princes supported Martin
Luther’s ideas.2. What was Copernicus’s greatest achievement?3. Who were the proletariat and what were their
views?4. Who wrote Principia Mathematica?5. List a mercantilist strategy utilized by absolute
monarchs.
Bonus: What church was established by Henry VIII?
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■Essential Question: –How did the Renaissance change art in
Western Europe?
■Warm-Up Question: –Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?–What factors led to the decline of the
Middle Ages & rise of the Renaissance?
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The revival of trade in Europe helped bring an end to the Middle Ages & gave rise to the Renaissance
Increased trade gave rise to Italian city-states & a wealthy middle class
of bankers & merchants
Wealthy bankers & merchants wanted to
show off their new status by commissioning art
The rise of cities brought artists
together which led to new techniques
& styles of art
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The most important Italian city-state was Florence; In this wealthy trade city, the Renaissance began
Florence was home to the Medici family, the
wealthiest & most powerful bankers in Europe
The Medici used their wealth to commission art for themselves & to beautify Florence
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Cosimo
Lorenzo
Guiliano
Lorenzo de Medici commissioned this painting from Botticelli of the Medici brothers as the three magi
The Medici paid to build a massive domed cathedral for Florence
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New styles & techniques of Renaissance art ■Realism & emotion■Classicism: inspiration from Greece &
Rome ■Emphasis on individuals & interaction
between people■Geometric
arrangements ■Perspective■Using light & shadows
Chiaroscuro
Sfumato
The first nude paintings & sculptures since the Romans
Greek Renaissance
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Renaissance Artists
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Donatello■Donatello was the 1st great
sculptor of the Renaissance–Donatello revived the
classical (Greco-Roman) style of sculpture that were realistic & could be viewed from all sides –Donatello’s “David” was
the 1st large, free-standing human sculpture of the Renaissance
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Michelangelo■Michelangelo was one
of the most famous Renaissance artists:–He was a painter,
sculptor, architect, & poet–His sculptures &
paintings showed realism, detail of the human body, & expression to show personality & emotion
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Michelangelo sculptures “Pieta”& “David” are considered masterpieces
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Michelangelo’s greatest work is the 130 ft x 44 ft
ceiling of the Sistine Chapel which shows
Biblical images of amazing detail, power, & beauty
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Leonardo da Vinci ■ Leonardo da Vinci was a
true “Renaissance Man” –He was a painter &
sculptor whose art was known for incredible realism & emotion –He was also an inventor
& scientist whose sketches reveal observations about human anatomy & new engineering technology
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His “Last Supper” shows Jesus’ last meeting with the 12 apostles before the crucifixion; the facial
expressions, detail, emotion made it a masterpiece
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Leonardo da Vinci’s greatest masterpiece was the “Mona Lisa”
which was known for its emotion & depth
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Leonardo’s Inventions
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Raphael■Raphael “perfected”
Renaissance painting–He improved perspective
and realism by studying Leonardo & Michelangelo–Raphael became the
favorite painter of the Pope because of his amazing detailed paintings showing a combination of famous Greeks & Romans along with Renaissance people
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Raphael
Michelangelo
Plato (drawn to look like Da Vinci)
Aristotle
PythagorasEuclid
Raphael’s greatest painting was “School of Athens” which blended Classical figures from Greece & Rome
with important people from the Renaissance
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Raphael’s “Betrothal
of the Virgin”
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Filippo Brunelleschi■Brunelleschi was Florence’s greatest architect:–He studied the Roman Pantheon when he
built the Cuppolo of Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence –The dome inspired modern building designs
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Dome Comparisons
Il Duomo, Florence St. Peter’s, RomeSt. Paul’s, LondonUS Capital,
Washington, D.C.
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The Northern
Renaissance
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The Renaissance spread from Italy as scholars & merchants from other areas visited Italian city-states
As these ideas spread, this “Northern Renaissance”
developed its own characteristics
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The Renaissance in France was most
known for its unique architecture
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The Renaissance in England was most
known for literature, especially the plays of William Shakespeare
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Wedding Portrait by Jan Van Eyck
The Renaissance in the Netherlands was most known for realism in art
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Guess if the following pieces of art (A-J) are:
RenaissanceRenaissance or
MedievalMedieval
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AA
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BB
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CC
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DD
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EE
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FF
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GG
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HH
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II
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JJ