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SPACE EXPLORATION PART 2
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Try This!
How did our solar system form?
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Solar System Formation Early universe – hot
cloud of mostly hydrogen and helium
Gases clump to form nebula and gravity begins to concentrate mass
Stars are created through nuclear fusion - huge amounts of light and heat!
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Solar System Origin (4.56 b.y.a.)ROTATING NEBULA THEORY
Gravitational contraction and rotation of interstellar gas
Planetary disk with central bulge
Gravity causes sun to form Fusion and proto-sun Planets form from debris left
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Evidence for Rotating Nebula Theory1. The solar system is all the same
age approx.2. The planets all rotate in the same
direction and on the same planehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xt9Bvc8s_d0Hubble video 9 minutes
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We Can Also Look and see solar systems forming elsewhere….
Close-up of “Protoplanets" in Orion
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What’s in our solar system?
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TERRESTRIAL PLANETS•Density (mass/volume) = 4.0 - 5.5 g/cm3
•Earth is 149 597 871 km from the sun = 1 AU (astronomical unit)
The Inner Planets: solid/rocky
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The Asteroid Belt
Not all solar material formed planets!
Asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter
Source of majority of meteorites that fall to Earth
Most get pulled into Jupiter due to its large gravity
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Stony meteorites
95 % of falls They are called meteorites if the hit the Earth’s
surface Most burn up in the atmosphere and are called
meteors or “shooting stars”
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Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite…
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Meteoroid_meteor_meteorite.gif
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4S6KatI7M3A
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•Captured a greater amount of the lighter materials of the initial solar cloud•Density = 0.6 – 1.7 g/cm3
The Gas Giant Planets
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Kuiper Belt
Disk of debris at the edge of our Solar System
Pluto is a KB Object (sorry!)
Source of some comets
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Pluto?
considered a dwarf planet –not a true planet
Pluto ranges from 30 – 40 AU’s from the SUN
(30 to 40 times farther from the SUN than Earth is!)
It has 3 moons
Frozen and rocky
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Comets… frozen snowballs
Dust tail – white, “smoke,” reflects sun. 600,000 to 6 million miles long tail – Solar UV breaks down CO gas, making them glow blue for of millions of miles
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The planets don’t ever all line up like this, but it shows their order and relative size
Earth is 1/1,000,000 the volume of the Sun
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Try This!Planetary Preview – Complete the tableName of Planet
What I know What I wonder
What I learned
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Jigsaw “The Universe and Its Stars”A. The origin of the universeB. Measuring distances in spaceC. The Birth of Stars, including our SunD. Stars: Old Age, Death and New LifeE. Galaxies and our Home: The Milky
WayF. Dark Energy and the Expansion of
the Universe