Download - Tree diversityday2012 bhojvaid.ppt
Tree diversity in Farmers’ fields in Indian Subcontinent: Role in
Biodiversity Conservation and CO2 Sequestration
COP-11-Hyderabad
Benefits of diversifying and restoring landscape mosaics in the tropics by harnessing tree
diversity. PP Bhojvaid, Director FRI, Dehradoon. India.
Prosopis in dry lands
Grewia optivaa in upland agriculture
Quercus leucotrichophora
Cocos nucifera in coastal areas
Mangifera in north India
Azadirach indica in central India
Celtis australis in hills
Grasses for fodder
Fibre for thatch and other uses
Mountain women collecting fodder and leaf litter
Farmers had trees on farms for
• fodder • fuel • fruits • fertilizer • small and large timber • Sale of goods for income generation • In bad crop years, emergency, special
needs
Trees on farms
• Multipurpose • Nitrogen fixing • Good coppice • Largely Evergreen • Economical • Compatible with crops • Resistant to insect pest
•
Trees on Farm
• Largely indigenous • Local niche suitability • Indigenous and improvised management • Sustained for generations • Lesser Known Tree Species • But still survived the reductionist approach
of contemporary FM
Tecomella
Salvadora
Forest Productivity
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
India
GlobalAverage
cu.m/ha/annum
Demand and supply for industrial wood (Khanduri and Mandal 2005)
Agroforests for Economic and Environmental Benefits
• Intensive management • Genetic improvement • Fertile soils • Better protection • Inputs by default • Market forces • A and R under LULUCF • REDD+
Block Plantations Eucalyptus
Seedlings :
Genetic variability
Low Yields
CLONING OF EUCALYPTUS OPERATIONLISED CAPACITY BEING ENHANCED
• 600 plywood units
• Purchase 1 million US$ day-1
• Value added 3 million US$ day-1
• 60000 man days day-1
• 2.5 million $US as tax month-1
Other Environmental Benefits
• CO2 sequestration • Increase in tree cover (8%) • Alleviation of pressure from Natural
Forests • Biodiversity conservation • Ex situ production
The MAI realized under Agroforestry for species such as Poplar and Eucalyptus
• Poplar 10 -25 m3 ha-1 year-1 (Haryana and UP)
• Eucalyptus 8-14 m3 ha-1 year-1 (Haryana)
• ITC Clonal Eucalyptus 35 m3 ha-1 year-1 (AP)
• ITC Clonal Eucalyptus 22 m3 ha-1 year-1 (Haryana, under trial)
Biodiversity conservation
• Medicinal plants • Global trade > 100 billion $US • Unsustainable harvest • Over exploitation • Extinction? • ex situ cultivation • Land???
Eucalyptus with Centella asiatica
Acacias