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LEARNINGto increase
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De
ar R
ea
de
rs,
Tra
nsf
er o
f k
no
wle
dg
e h
as
bee
n a
rou
nd
as
lon
g a
s
ma
nk
ind
. It
en
sure
s th
at f
oll
ow
ing
gen
erat
ion
s d
o
no
t h
ave
to r
edis
cove
r ev
ery
thin
g t
hem
selv
es b
ut
can
ben
efi t
fro
m t
he
kn
ow
led
ge
an
d e
xp
erie
nce
s o
f
the
gen
erat
ion
bef
ore
. Th
is
is w
hy
on
ly o
ne
gen
era
-
tio
n i
nve
nte
d t
he
wh
eel.
All
fo
llo
win
g g
ener
atio
ns
ack
no
wle
dg
e th
is u
sefu
l in
ven
tio
n a
nd
bu
ild
th
eir
exp
erie
nce
s o
n i
t.
In 2
010
th
e id
ea t
ha
t k
no
wle
dg
e a
bo
ut
sust
ain
-
ab
le t
ran
spo
rt c
ou
ld b
e tr
an
sfer
red
wit
hin
gen
-
erat
ion
s w
as
bo
rn.
To
ach
ieve
th
is g
oa
l, t
ran
sfer
of
kn
ow
led
ge
wa
s to
be
carr
ied
ou
t in
th
e re
spec
-
tive
la
ng
ua
ges
of
the
tra
inee
s a
nd
do
cum
enta
tio
n
an
d a
po
ol
of
ga
ined
ex
per
ien
ces
wa
s to
be
crea
ted
an
d m
ad
e a
vail
ab
le t
o a
ll,
reg
ard
less
of
cult
ura
l
or
kn
ow
led
ge
ba
ckg
rou
nd
. A
nd
so
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G b
eca
me
a r
eali
ty.
Th
an
ks
to t
he
sup
po
rt o
f th
e E
uro
pea
n C
om
mis
sio
n
an
d t
he
Inte
llig
ent
En
erg
y E
uro
pe
fi n
an
cia
l p
ro-
gra
mm
e th
e T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G p
roje
ct w
as
rea
lise
d.
Wit
h a
n in
tern
atio
na
l pro
ject
co
nso
rtiu
m
that
invo
lves
17
pa
rtn
ers
fro
m 1
4 d
iff e
ren
t E
uro
pea
n
cou
ntr
ies,
all
of
wh
om
are
ex
per
ts i
n t
hei
r fi
eld
,
this
pro
ject
ha
s b
eco
me
a g
reat
su
cces
s a
nd
ha
s
mo
ved
us
on
e st
ep c
lose
r to
cre
atin
g a
su
sta
ina
ble
pla
ce t
o l
ive.
Th
is b
roch
ure
pro
vid
es a
n o
verv
iew
of
the
TR
AN
S-
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G t
rain
ing
on
su
sta
ina
ble
urb
an
tra
nsp
ort
po
lici
es a
nd
mea
sure
s. I
ho
pe
that
oth
-
ers
wil
l lea
rn f
rom
ou
r ex
per
ien
ces,
use
ou
r tr
ain
-
ing
mat
eria
ls a
nd
rep
lica
te t
he
tra
inin
g.
ed
ito
ria
l
Pro
f. U
do
Be
ck
er
Dre
sden
Un
iver
sity
of T
ech
nol
ogy
Coo
rdin
ato
r of
th
e T
RA
NSP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G P
roje
ct
TR
AIN
ING
CO
UR
SE
S T
O
BO
OS
T S
US
TAIN
AB
LE
MO
BIL
ITY
Se
ein
g i
s
be
tte
r t
ha
n
he
arin
g!
In
tro
du
ctio
nT
RA
ININ
G O
N S
US
TAIN
AB
LE
UR
BA
N T
RA
NS
PO
RT
PO
LIC
IES
AN
D M
EA
SU
RE
S ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 6
1
Inte
ract
ive
T
HE
TR
AIN
ING
ME
TH
OD
OLO
GY
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 8
2
Mo
du
lar
T
HE
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE
S ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.... 1
0
1.
P
arki
ng s
pac
e m
anag
emen
t,
acce
ss r
estr
ictio
n an
d s
pee
d c
ontr
ol ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....1
4
2.
M
obili
ty m
anag
emen
t m
easu
res
for
fam
ilies
,
kind
erga
rten
s an
d s
choo
ls...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 1
6
3.
La
nd u
se a
nd h
ousi
ng ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 2
0
4.
P
ublic
tra
nsp
ort
mod
els
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
. 24
5.
S
tree
t d
esig
n, s
tree
tsca
pe
and
tra
ffi c
calm
ing
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
28
6.
W
alki
ng a
nd c
yclin
g ...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 3
2
7.
D
esig
n an
d im
ple
men
tatio
n of
su
stai
nab
le m
obili
ty c
amp
aign
s ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 3
6
8.
C
omm
unic
atio
n tr
aini
ng .
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 4
0
3
Pra
ctic
al
T
HE
TR
AIN
ING
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E .
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...
44
Te
chni
cal k
now
led
ge p
ut in
to p
ract
ice
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
44
E
ight
aw
ard
ed T
rain
ing-
Pro
ject
s ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 4
5
Tr
aini
ng P
roje
cts:
C
onve
rtin
g R
oad
spac
e in
to a
Pla
ce fo
r P
eop
le ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
46
C
amp
aign
“I W
alk
To S
choo
l” ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
. 48
Fr
om R
ybni
k b
y b
us –
P
ublic
Tra
nsp
ort
Pas
seng
er In
form
atio
n ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 5
0
Co
nte
nt
4
On
-sit
e
LO
CAT
ION
S,
PA
RT
NE
RS
, E
VE
NT
S ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...... 5
2
Tr
aini
ng c
ities
and
pro
ject
par
tner
s ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
52
S
ite-V
isits
– a
uni
que
op
por
tuni
ty
to lo
ok b
ehin
d t
he s
cene
s ...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
. 54
5
Lo
ng
-ter
m u
se
RE
PLIC
AT
E T
RA
ININ
G C
OU
RS
ES
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 5
6
“T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
has
insp
ired
us.
”
In
terv
iew
with
Gai
a R
edae
lli (A
ndal
usia
) ...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 5
8
6
Qu
an
tita
tive
FA
CT
S &
FIG
UR
ES
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 6
0
Th
ousa
nds
of s
mal
l ste
ps
for
maj
or c
hang
es!
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 6
0
Th
e hi
stor
y of
TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
62
7
Co
ncl
usi
on
LE
SS
ON
S L
EA
RN
ED
....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 6
4
C
on
tact
P
RO
JE
CT
PA
RT
NE
RS
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
. 6
6
Inte
ract
ive
Th
e tr
ain
ing
co
nta
ins
pa
rtic
ipat
ory
elem
ents
lik
e ro
le-p
lay
s, g
rou
p
exer
cise
s a
nd
lea
rnin
g g
am
es
08PA
GE
Mod
ula
r tr
ain
ing
Eig
ht
sta
nd
-alo
ne
mo
du
les
ab
ou
t
sust
ain
ab
le u
rba
n t
ran
spo
rt
mea
sure
s a
nd
po
lici
es
10PA
GE
Pra
ctic
alB
ase
d o
n t
he
kn
ow
led
ge
ga
ined
du
rin
g t
he
tech
nic
al
lect
ure
,
tra
inee
s im
ple
men
ted
ow
n
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts.
44PA
GE
Lon
g-t
erm
use
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
mat
eria
ls a
re
mea
nt
to b
e ta
ken
up
by
un
iver
siti
es
an
d t
rain
ing
org
an
isat
ion
s
56PA
GE
Inte
rvie
wT
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G
ha
s in
spir
ed u
s!
58PA
GE
Con
clu
sion
A s
et o
f re
com
men
dat
ion
s o
n h
ow
to o
rga
nis
e h
igh
qu
ali
ty t
rain
ing
64PA
GE
Se
ein
g i
s
be
tte
r t
ha
nh
ea
rin
g!
iSto
ck.c
om
45
Tra
inin
g o
n
su
sta
ina
ble
urb
an
tra
nsp
ort p
oli
cie
s
an
d m
ea
su
re
s
Urb
an
tra
nsp
ort
ch
all
en
ge
s
As
a r
esu
lt o
f th
e ra
pid
gro
wth
of
mo
tori
sati
on
an
d u
rba
n s
pra
wl,
in
pa
rtic
ula
r in
Eu
rop
e’s
con
verg
ence
reg
ion
s, m
ain
tra
nsp
ort
ch
all
eng
es
that
nee
d t
o b
e fa
ced
are
co
ng
esti
on
,
air
po
llu
tio
n,
safe
ty,
cost
-effi
cie
ncy
an
d a
cces
sib
ilit
y f
or
all
. Th
es
e p
rese
nt
cha
llen
ges
do
n’t
hav
e si
ng
le o
r m
on
o-
ori
ente
d s
olu
tio
ns.
Res
po
nse
s h
ave
to i
nte
gra
te a
pp
roa
ches
co
min
g f
rom
diff
ere
nt
bu
t re
late
d a
rea
s.
Ho
w t
o d
esig
n a
str
eet
to m
ak
e it
a
secu
re s
pa
ce f
or
all
th
e u
sers
? H
ow
to d
evel
op
an
effi
cie
nt
an
d a
ttra
ctiv
e
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt s
yst
em?
Ho
w t
o d
e-
velo
p r
elia
ble
an
d s
afe
cy
clin
g &
wa
lk-
ing
net
wo
rks?
Ho
w t
o m
an
ag
e th
e
pa
rkin
g p
rovi
sio
n t
o a
void
gen
erat
ing
tra
ffi c
an
d c
on
ges
tio
n?
Th
ese
are
on
ly s
om
e o
f th
e is
sues
fa
ced
by
tra
nsp
ort
an
d u
rba
n p
lan
nin
g p
ro-
fess
ion
als
in
th
eir
da
ily
wo
rk.
Ab
ou
t T
RA
NS
PO
RT
L
EA
RN
ING
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
is
an
EU
-
pro
ject
wh
ich
sta
rted
in
Ma
y 2
011
an
d
wa
s d
esig
ned
to
su
pp
ort
pra
ctit
ion
-
ers
to d
evel
op
bet
ter
solu
tio
ns
for
urb
an
tra
nsp
ort
sy
stem
s in
ord
er t
o
imp
rove
cit
izen
s’ m
ob
ilit
y. Th
e
ma
in
ob
ject
ive
of
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
is t
o c
reat
e k
no
wle
dg
e a
nd
ca
pa
c-
ity
on
su
sta
ina
ble
tra
nsp
ort
po
lici
es
an
d m
easu
res
in m
un
icip
ali
ties
an
d
ener
gy
ag
enci
es o
f E
uro
pe’
s co
nve
r-
gen
ce r
egio
ns.
Wit
h t
his
str
ateg
y, i
t
con
trib
ute
s to
a m
od
al
shif
t to
wa
rds
mo
re s
ust
ain
ab
le m
od
es l
ike
wa
lk-
ing
, cy
clin
g a
nd
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt,
to a
fa
ir d
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f u
rba
n s
pa
ce
an
d,
in t
he
pro
cess
, to
en
erg
y s
avi
ng
s
an
d c
ost
red
uct
ion
s. T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G i
s su
pp
ort
ed b
y t
he
Eu
ro-
pea
n C
om
mis
sio
n w
ith
in t
he
Inte
l-
lig
ent
En
erg
y –
Eu
rop
e P
rog
ram
me.
Ho
w T
RA
NS
PO
RT
L
EA
RN
ING
co
ntrib
ute
s
to
a b
ette
r u
rb
an
tra
nsp
ort
To
rea
ch t
he
go
al
of
emp
ow
erin
g
pra
ctit
ion
ers,
sev
era
l tr
ain
ing
act
ivi-
ties
hav
e ta
ken
pla
ce i
n t
he
fra
me
-
wo
rk o
f th
e p
roje
ct T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G.
At
the
beg
inn
ing
of
the
pro
ject
, a
tra
inin
g c
on
cep
t in
clu
d-
ing
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
wa
s d
evel
-
op
ed b
y a
ll p
roje
ct p
art
ner
s. L
ater
,
64
tra
inin
g e
ven
ts w
ere
carr
ied
ou
t
in E
uro
pe’
s co
nve
rgen
ce r
egio
ns,
na
mel
y B
ulg
ari
a,
Gre
ece,
Hu
ng
ary
,
Ita
ly,
Po
lan
d,
Po
rtu
ga
l, R
om
an
ia a
nd
Sp
ain
. Th
es
e ev
ents
ha
d t
he
go
al
to
tra
in e
mp
loye
es o
f m
un
icip
ali
ties
an
d e
ner
gy
ag
enci
es.
So
me
of
the
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
ca
rrie
d o
ut
a P
ract
ica
l
Tra
inin
g P
roje
ct a
fter
th
e tr
ain
ing
(e.g
. in
tro
du
ced
new
bik
e la
nes
or
org
an
ised
a m
ob
ilit
y e
ven
t) s
o t
hat
the
mo
bil
ity
sit
uat
ion
in
th
e tr
ain
ing
cou
ntr
ies
cou
ld b
e d
irec
tly
im
pro
ved
.
La
st b
ut
no
t le
ast
, T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G p
art
ner
s a
re c
on
fi d
ent
that
th
e tr
ain
ing
act
ivit
ies
wil
l
hav
e a
lo
ng
-ter
m e
ff ec
t o
n t
he
tra
nsp
ort
sit
uat
ion
in
Eu
rop
e. Th
e
tra
inin
g h
as
bee
n r
epli
cate
d s
ev-
era
l ti
mes
an
d t
rain
ing
mat
eria
ls
are
no
w a
vail
ab
le f
or
free
– t
hey
can
be
do
wn
loa
ded
fro
m w
ww
.
tra
nsp
ort
lea
rnin
g.n
et.
Th
e in
ten
-
tio
n i
s to
dis
sem
inat
e th
e d
evel
op
ed
mat
eria
ls a
nd
to
en
ab
le m
ore
per
-
son
s to
get
tra
ined
an
d t
o i
mp
rove
thei
r k
no
wle
dg
e o
n m
easu
res
to
ach
ieve
su
sta
ina
bil
ity
in
tra
nsp
ort
.
Th
e p
roje
ct s
ho
ws
that
cre
atin
g
kn
ow
led
ge
an
d c
ap
aci
ty i
s cr
uci
al
to
esta
bli
shin
g t
he
gro
un
dw
ork
fo
r a
sust
ain
ab
le t
ran
spo
rt.
Ob
jectiv
es o
f th
is
bro
ch
ure
Fre
d K
ent
stat
ed:
“If
you
pla
n c
itie
s
for
cars
an
d t
raffi
c,
you
get
ca
rs a
nd
tra
ffi c
. If
yo
u p
lan
fo
r p
eop
le a
nd
pla
ces,
yo
u g
et p
eop
le a
nd
pla
ces”
.
Th
e a
uth
ors
of
this
pu
bli
cati
on
fo
llo
w
this
ph
ilo
sop
hy
an
d i
nvi
te y
ou
to
fi n
d
ou
t m
ore
ab
ou
t sm
art
co
nce
pts
of
sus-
tain
ab
le u
rba
n m
ob
ilit
y.
Wit
h t
his
bro
chu
re,
we
wo
uld
lik
e
to g
ive
insi
gh
t in
to t
he
con
ten
t o
f
the
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tra
in-
ing
co
urs
e (c
ha
pte
r 1
an
d 2
), p
rovi
de
info
rmat
ion
ab
ou
t d
iff e
ren
t st
art
ing
po
ints
to
ach
ieve
su
sta
ina
bil
ity
in
tra
nsp
ort
(ch
ap
ter
3) a
nd
giv
e a
n o
ver-
view
on
alr
ead
y i
mp
lem
ente
d t
rain
-
ing
eve
nts
in
Eu
rop
e (c
ha
pte
r 4)
. In
ad
dit
ion
, b
asi
c in
form
atio
n o
n h
ow
to r
epli
cate
th
e tr
ain
ing
is
des
crib
ed
in c
ha
pte
r 5.
Th
e b
roch
ure
clo
ses
wit
h
a s
um
ma
ry o
f le
sso
ns
lea
rnt
an
d c
on
-
clu
sio
ns
(ch
ap
ter
6 t
o 7
).
Th
is p
ub
lica
tio
n h
as
two
ma
in o
bje
c-
tive
s:
1.
To
pro
vid
e i
nfo
rm
atio
n f
or e
m-
plo
ye
es o
f m
un
icip
ali
tie
s,
ener
gy
ag
enci
es a
nd
all
oth
er p
erso
ns
inte
r-
este
d i
n g
ain
ing
new
kn
ow
led
ge
in
the
fi el
d o
f su
sta
ina
ble
tra
nsp
ort
.
In t
his
bro
chu
re,
they
ca
n fi
nd
an
ove
rvie
w o
n e
ach
of
the
eig
ht
tra
in-
ing
mo
du
les
as
wel
l a
s a
des
crip
tio
n
of
thre
e ex
emp
lary
tra
inin
g p
roje
cts,
all
ow
ing
th
em t
o s
tud
y i
n d
epth
tho
se t
op
ics
that
are
of
hig
h i
nte
rest
for
them
.
2.
To
pre
se
nt t
he
tra
inin
g m
eth
-
od
olo
gy
to
mo
bil
ity
ex
pe
rts a
nd
tra
nsp
ort p
ro
fessio
na
ls i
nte
r-
este
d i
n r
epli
cati
ng
th
e T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G t
rain
ing
. In
form
atio
n o
n
exis
tin
g t
rain
ing
mat
eria
ls a
nd
les
-
son
s le
arn
t sh
ou
ld e
nco
ura
ge
them
to
inte
gra
te t
he
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
in
to
thei
r se
min
ars
an
d l
ectu
res.
Intro
du
ctio
nIf
yo
u p
lan
cit
ies
for
cars
an
d t
raffi
c,
you
g
et c
ars
an
d t
raffi
c.
If y
ou
p
lan
fo
r p
eop
le a
nd
pla
ces,
yo
u g
et p
eop
le a
nd
pla
ces.
Fred
Ken
t
67
Pa
ssin
g o
n n
ew
id
ea
s
The
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tra
inin
g
even
ts h
ad
a c
om
ple
tely
diff
eren
t a
p-
pro
ach
to
urb
an
mo
bil
ity
pro
ble
ms
tha
n t
rad
itio
na
l, t
ech
nic
al
lect
ure
s.
The
tra
inin
g w
as
ab
ou
t m
ob
ilit
y
ma
na
gem
ent,
a f
air
dis
trib
uti
on
of
pu
bli
c sp
ace
, su
sta
ina
ble
pla
n-
nin
g a
nd
th
e p
rom
oti
on
of
sust
ain
-
ab
le m
od
es l
ike
wa
lkin
g,
cycl
ing
an
d p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
. It
wa
s a
bo
ut
pa
ssin
g o
n n
ew i
dea
s, c
on
cep
ts a
nd
pa
rad
igm
s. P
ure
tec
hn
ica
l so
lu-
tio
ns,
tra
ffic
flu
idit
y m
od
els,
tra
nsi
t
solu
tio
ns
an
d o
ther
sim
ila
r in
stru
-
men
ts w
ere
no
t at
th
e h
eart
of
the
tra
inin
g.
To
co
mm
un
icat
e th
e n
ew
idea
s, a
fo
cus
wa
s p
ut
on
in
form
a-
tio
n e
xch
an
ge,
pee
r-to
-pee
r d
iscu
s-
sio
ns
an
d n
etw
ork
ing
act
ivit
ies.
Inte
ra
ctiv
ity
The
tra
inin
g c
om
bin
ed d
iffer
ent
lea
rnin
g m
eth
od
s, t
oo
ls a
nd
tec
h-
niq
ues
. C
on
ven
tio
na
l el
emen
ts
lik
e d
efin
itio
ns
of
tech
nic
al
term
s,
theo
reti
cal
mo
del
s, c
on
cep
ts a
nd
fact
s a
nd
fig
ure
s w
ere
sup
ple
men
ted
wit
h m
ore
pa
rtic
ipat
ory
ele
men
ts
lik
e ro
le-p
lay
s, c
ase
-stu
die
s, g
rou
p
exer
cise
s a
nd
lea
rnin
g g
am
es.
In
ad
dit
ion
, va
rio
us
sup
po
rtin
g m
a-
teri
als
lik
e p
ost
ers
an
d v
ideo
cli
ps
wer
e sh
ow
n t
o t
he
tra
inee
s.
Ther
efo
re,
in t
he
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
-
ING
ap
pro
ach
, th
e ro
les
of
the
tra
iner
an
d t
rain
ee a
re m
uch
mo
re i
nte
rre
-
late
d t
ha
n i
n a
co
nve
nti
on
al
tra
inin
g.
Tra
inee
s b
enefi
t fr
om
th
e o
pp
ort
u-
nit
y t
o b
rin
g i
n o
wn
ex
per
ien
ces,
to
sha
re r
eact
ion
s a
nd
ob
serv
atio
ns,
to r
eflec
t u
po
n c
on
seq
uen
ces
an
d t
o
dis
cuss
pat
tern
s a
nd
dy
na
mic
s.
The
trai
ning
cou
rse
deve
l-op
ed w
ithin
the
TR
AN
S-
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
pro
ject
is
tra
inin
g on
-the
-job
aim
ed
at r
epre
sent
ativ
es o
f loc
al
auth
oriti
es a
nd e
nerg
y ag
en-
cies
. With
in t
he t
rain
ing,
hig
h va
lue
was
pla
ced
on a
ctiv
e le
arni
ng s
essi
ons
cons
istin
g of
rol
e-pl
ays,
gro
up d
iscu
s-si
ons
and
othe
r in
tera
ctiv
e ex
erci
ses.
All
trai
ning
eve
nts
wer
e pe
rfor
med
by
inte
rna-
tiona
l mob
ility
expe
rts,
ac-
com
pani
ed b
y lo
cal p
artn
er
orga
nisa
tions
. Som
e tr
aine
es
carr
ied
out
a pr
actic
al t
rain
-in
g pr
ojec
t af
ter
the
end
of t
he t
wo-
day
tech
nica
l se
ssio
n, a
nd w
ere
ther
eby
guid
ed c
ontin
uous
ly b
y th
e tr
aine
rs.
THE
TR
AIN
ING
ME
THO
DO
LOG
Y
Inte
ra
ctiv
e1
Le
arn
ing
by
do
ing
All
tra
inin
g e
ven
ts c
on
sist
ed o
f tw
o
pa
rts:
a t
ech
nic
al
tra
inin
g (
two
-
da
y s
essi
on
) a
nd
a p
ract
ica
l tr
ain
-
ing
(im
ple
men
tati
on
of
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts)
. Th
ese
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
wer
e in
ten
ded
to
ena
ble
tra
inee
s to
pu
t th
e n
ewly
acq
uir
ed k
no
wle
dg
e in
to p
ract
ice,
foll
ow
ing
th
e co
nce
pt
of
lea
rnin
g
by
do
ing
. T
rain
ees
dev
elo
ped
an
d
imp
lem
ente
d t
hei
r o
wn
, sm
all
sca
le
pro
ject
s in
th
eir
ho
me
tow
n.
Fo
r
exa
mp
le,
they
in
tro
du
ced
a w
alk
to s
cho
ol
cam
pa
ign
, p
lan
ned
new
cycl
ing
in
fra
stru
ctu
re,
crea
ted
a
web
site
wit
h p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
in
-
form
atio
n o
r te
mp
ora
rily
reu
sed
urb
an
ro
ad
spa
ce.
Du
rin
g t
he
enti
re
pro
ject
lif
etim
e, t
rain
ers
ass
iste
d
them
as
a m
ento
r a
nd
gu
ide.
Glo
ba
l e
xp
ertis
e a
nd
lo
ca
l e
xp
erie
nce
The
tra
inin
g w
as
faci
lita
ted
by
in
-
tern
atio
na
l m
ob
ilit
y e
xp
erts
in
clu
d-
ing
un
iver
sity
lec
ture
rs,
wh
o w
ere
acc
om
pa
nie
d b
y a
nat
ion
al
ho
st
org
an
isat
ion
s su
ch a
s a
n e
ner
gy
ag
ency
, N
GO
or
tra
inin
g o
rga
nis
a-
tio
n.
This
tra
iner
-tea
m e
nsu
red
hig
h q
ua
lity
tra
inin
g c
on
ten
t w
hil
e
pa
ssin
g o
n c
ou
ntr
y-s
pec
ific
info
rma
-
tio
n l
ike
leg
al
fra
mew
ork
s, c
ult
ura
l
ha
bit
s a
nd
go
vern
ing
pra
ctic
es.
The
ava
ila
bli
lity
of
cou
ntr
y s
pec
ific
case
-stu
die
s a
s w
ell
as
inte
rnat
ion
al
go
od
-pra
ctic
e ex
am
ple
s w
ere
hig
hly
ap
pre
ciat
ed b
y t
he
tra
inee
s. T
o o
ver-
com
e la
ng
ua
ge
ba
rrie
rs,
the
tra
inin
g
wa
s tr
an
slat
ed t
o t
he
ho
st c
ou
ntr
y’s
nat
ion
al
lan
gu
ag
e, u
sin
g c
on
secu
-
tive
an
d s
imu
lta
neo
us
tra
nsl
atio
n.
Mu
ltit
ask
tra
ine
rs
To
fu
lfil
the
tra
inin
g r
equ
irem
ents
,
tra
iner
s h
ad
sev
era
l ro
les.
They
wer
e:
• T
rain
ing
des
ign
ers,
dev
elo
p-
ing
th
e tr
ain
ing
cu
rric
ulu
m
• M
ob
ilit
y e
xp
erts
, tr
an
sfer
-
rin
g t
ech
nic
al
kn
ow
led
ge
ab
ou
t tr
an
spo
rt a
nd
mo
bil
ity
• F
aci
lita
tors
, in
crea
sin
g m
utu
al
dis
cuss
ion
s a
bo
ut
mo
bil
ity
mea
s-
ure
s, s
tim
ula
tin
g t
he
exch
an
ge
of
exp
erie
nce
s a
nd
id
eas,
en
-
ha
nci
ng
co
op
erat
ive
wo
rk e
tc.
• M
ento
rs,
gu
idin
g a
nd
co
nti
-
no
usl
y s
up
po
rtin
g t
he
tra
inee
s
du
rin
g t
he
tech
nic
al
tra
inin
g
an
d d
uri
ng
th
eir
imp
lem
enta
tio
n
of
foll
ow
-up
tra
inin
g p
roje
cts
• E
valu
ato
rs,
carr
yin
g o
ut
mo
ni-
tori
ng
an
d e
valu
atio
n t
ask
s in
ord
er t
o f
urt
her
im
pro
ve t
he
tra
inin
g c
on
cep
t a
nd
mat
eria
ls
Tra
inin
g c
on
te
nt
The
fiel
d o
f tr
an
spo
rt a
nd
mo
bil
-
ity
is
a v
ery
wid
e o
ne
an
d n
ot
ever
y
asp
ect
of
mo
bil
ity
ca
n b
e co
vere
d i
n
on
e tr
ain
ing
eve
nt.
Ther
efo
re,
the
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tra
inin
g c
on
-
sist
ed o
f ei
gh
t st
an
d-a
lon
e tr
ain
ing
mo
du
les
that
to
get
her
fo
rmed
th
e
full
tra
inin
g c
ou
rse.
Wh
at a
re
th
e c
ha
ra
cte
ris
tic
s
of
th
e T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G
me
th
od
olo
gy
?
89
Sus
tain
able
mo
bili
ty
cam
pai
gns
se &
ho
usin
g
Str
eet
des
ign
&tr
a ffic
cal
min
g
Pub
lic t
rans
po
rt
Co
mm
unic
atio
n tr
aini
ng
Wal
king
& c
y
Par
king
sp
ace
man
agem
ent
Fam
ilies
, sc
hoo
ls&
kin
der
gar
tens
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
dev
elo
ped
eig
ht
sta
nd
-alo
ne
tra
in-
ing
mo
du
les,
co
veri
ng
so
me
of
the
mo
st r
elev
an
t to
pic
s o
f
sust
ain
ab
le u
rba
n m
ob
ilit
y. A
s th
e m
od
ule
s w
ere
no
t b
ase
d
on
ea
ch o
ther
, tr
ain
ees
cou
ld s
elec
t o
ne
or
mo
re m
od
ule
s
that
wer
e o
f h
igh
est
imp
ort
an
ce t
o t
hem
. In
th
is b
roch
ure
,
each
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
is
sum
ma
rise
d o
n f
ou
r p
ag
es,
hig
h-
lig
hti
ng
th
e su
bje
ct a
nd
in
tro
du
cin
g m
easu
res,
po
lici
es
an
d a
ctio
ns
bel
on
gin
g t
o t
he
top
ic.
Are
yo
u i
nte
re
ste
d i
n r
ece
ivin
g m
ore
de
ta
ile
d i
nfo
rm
a-
tio
n a
bo
ut o
ne
or m
ore
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
s?
Do
wn
loa
d
th
e f
ull
se
t o
f tra
inin
g m
ate
ria
ls i
nclu
din
g a
se
lf-s
tu
dy
ha
nd
bo
ok
/re
ad
er f
or e
ach
of
th
e e
igh
t m
od
ule
s.
THE
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LES
Mo
du
lar
2 Eig
ht s
ta
nd
-alo
ne
tra
inin
g
mo
du
les a
bo
ut s
usta
ina
ble
urb
an
tra
nsp
ort m
ea
su
re
s a
nd
po
licie
s
Get
an
in
sig
ht
into
th
e tr
ain
ing
co
nte
nt
of
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G!
Str
eet
des
ign
, st
reet
sca
pe
an
d t
raffi
c c
alm
ing
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g –
co
un
sell
ing
mu
nic
ipa
liti
es
Des
ign
an
d i
mp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f su
sta
ina
ble
mo
bil
ity
ca
mp
aig
ns
Co
mm
un
icat
ion
tr
ain
ing
Pa
rkin
g s
pa
ce m
an
ag
emen
t,
acc
ess
rest
rict
ion
an
d s
pee
d c
on
tro
l
Mo
bil
ity
ma
na
gem
ent
for
fam
ilie
s,
kin
der
ga
rten
s a
nd
sch
oo
ls
La
nd
use
an
d h
ou
sin
g i
n
mo
bil
ity
ma
na
gem
ent
Pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt
mo
del
s
121
5
26
37
48
28 32 36 40
16 20 24PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
PA
GE
1011
In m
ost
citi
es,
the
foot
-p
rin
t of
par
kin
g i
s b
igg
er t
han
th
e fo
otp
rin
t of
an
y ot
her
lan
d u
se.
Par
kin
g s
pac
es a
re a
lso
the
mos
t u
ni-
form
an
d m
ost
freq
uen
tly
ren
ted
p
iece
s of
lan
d o
n e
arth
. P
eop
le a
re e
ven
con
ceiv
ed i
n p
ark
ed c
ars.
Prof
Don
ald
Shou
p,
Uni
vers
ity
of C
alifo
rnia
,
Los A
ngel
es
Pa
rk
ing
sp
ace
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
T h
is t
rain
ing
mo
du
le d
eals
wit
h m
ech
an
ism
s to
“p
ush
” ca
r d
rive
rs
tow
ard
s m
ore
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
des
of
tra
nsp
ort
. Y
ou
lea
rn h
ow
to
ap
ply
po
licy
mea
sure
s su
ch a
s a
cces
s re
stri
ctio
ns,
pa
rkin
g m
an
-
ag
emen
t, s
pee
d c
on
tro
l an
d a
lso
ab
ou
t th
e in
terp
lay
bet
wee
n p
ark
ing
an
d
eco
no
mic
dev
elo
pm
ent.
Ex
am
ple
s a
re p
riva
te s
pee
d c
on
tro
l a
s p
ract
ised
in A
ust
ria
, p
ark
ing
ma
na
gem
ent
as
seen
to
so
me
exte
nt
in a
lmo
st a
ll E
U
citi
es,
an
d a
cces
s co
ntr
ol s
yst
ems
as
fou
nd
in c
itie
s a
s fa
r a
pa
rt a
s C
op
enh
a-
gen
, K
rak
ow
an
d B
arc
elo
na
. Th
e
bu
lk o
f th
e m
od
ule
dea
ls w
ith
pa
rkin
g
con
tro
ls a
nd
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t b
ecau
se t
his
is
such
a u
niv
ersa
l is
sue
ab
ou
t w
hic
h t
her
e is
gre
at d
ema
nd
fo
r tr
ain
ing
. R
eco
gn
isin
g t
hat
th
is i
s
a c
on
tro
vers
ial
issu
e, t
he
mo
du
le g
ives
an
swer
s to
so
me
com
mo
n m
yth
s
ab
ou
t p
ark
ing
, su
ch t
hat
th
ere
is n
ever
“en
ou
gh
” p
ark
ing
, o
r th
at w
ith
ou
t
free
an
d p
len
tifu
l p
ark
ing
, a
cit
y w
ill
suff
er e
con
om
i ca
lly.
It
then
hel
ps
to
iden
tify
pa
rkin
g r
elat
ed p
rob
lem
s, o
bje
ctiv
es f
or
pa
rkin
g p
oli
cy,
an
d t
he
mea
sure
s th
at c
an
be
imp
lem
ente
d t
o a
chie
ve t
hes
e o
bje
ctiv
es.
Nam
e:
Tom
Rye
Org
anis
atio
n:
Lund
Uni
vers
ity, S
wed
enC
onta
ct:
tom
.rye
@tf
t.lth
.se
Qua
lifi c
atio
n:
Pro
fess
or o
f Tra
nsp
ort
Pol
icy,
Tr
ansp
ort
and
Roa
ds
Dep
artm
ent,
Lu
nd U
nive
rsity
.
Tra
ine
r
1.
Un
der
sta
nd
th
e re
aso
ns
for
car
use
an
d t
he
mo
ti-
vati
on
s o
f ca
r u
sers
2.
Un
der
sta
nd
th
e re
aso
ns
for
ma
na
gin
g p
ark
ing
an
d
rest
rict
ing
acc
ess
for
cars
3.
Un
der
sta
nd
th
e im
pa
cts
on
eco
no
my,
tra
nsp
ort
an
d e
nv
iro
nm
enta
l sy
s-
tem
s
4.
Lea
rn h
ow
to
ma
na
ge
pa
rkin
g,
wit
h g
oo
d p
rac-
tice
ex
am
ple
s, a
nd
ho
w t
o
ga
in p
ub
lic
acc
epta
nce
of
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t
5.
Lea
rn t
he
pri
nci
ple
s o
f th
e
des
ign
an
d o
per
ati
on
of
roa
d c
ha
rgin
g,
con
tro
lled
pa
rkin
g z
on
es a
nd
pa
rk +
rid
e sc
hem
es
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Red
esig
n of
Dam
e G
ruev
Str
eet,
P
lovd
iv, B
ulga
ria
Rea
lisat
ion
of a
Tra
ffi c
Lim
ited
Z
one,
Nap
les,
Ital
y
acce
ss r
estric
tio
n a
nd
sp
ee
d c
on
tro
l
© iStock.com/P_Wei
12
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
13
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 1
Th
e a
va
ila
bli
lity
o
f p
ark
ing
sp
ace
s
de
te
rm
ine
s t
he
u
se
of
th
e c
ar
PA
RK
ING
SPA
CE
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT,
A
CC
ES
S R
ES
TR
ICT
ION
AN
D S
PE
ED
CO
NT
RO
L
Tra
inee
s n
orm
all
y r
eali
se t
hat
th
ere
are
so
me
con
fl ic
ts b
etw
een
th
ese
ob
ject
ives
an
d t
he
exa
mp
les
of
Yo
rk
(UK
) a
nd
Gen
t (B
E)
are
use
d t
o s
ho
w
ho
w t
he
inh
eren
tly
po
liti
cal
nat
ure
of
pa
rkin
g m
ean
s th
at c
itie
s h
ave
ha
d t
o m
od
ify
th
eir
ap
pro
ach
es
to a
chie
vin
g t
hes
e o
bje
ctiv
es t
o
suit
th
eir
ow
n p
art
icu
lar
po
liti
cal
circ
um
sta
nce
s. W
ith
sp
ecifi
c r
efer
-
ence
to
th
e is
sue
of
wh
eth
er t
her
e
is “
eno
ug
h”
pa
rkin
g,
tra
inee
s a
re
tak
en t
hro
ug
h a
sh
ort
ex
erci
se t
o
con
sid
er t
he
tota
l n
um
ber
of
car
trip
s in
a c
ity
in
a d
ay,
ho
w m
an
y
pa
rkin
g s
pa
ces
that
req
uir
es,
an
d
the
cost
in
ter
ms
of
mo
ney
an
d
spa
ce t
o p
rovi
de
this
ma
ny
sp
ace
s.
Th
is i
s u
sed
to
sh
ow
th
at t
her
e w
ill
alw
ay
s b
e a
rea
s w
her
e d
ema
nd
exce
eds
sup
ply
an
d t
her
efo
re t
hat
oth
er m
easu
res
wil
l b
e re
qu
ired
to
ma
na
ge
this
co
nfl
ict.
Th
e m
od
ule
th
en l
oo
ks
at h
ow
to
imp
lem
ent
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t
mea
sure
s, s
uch
as
blu
e zo
nes
on
-str
eet,
or
cha
ng
ed p
rici
ng
stru
ctu
res
off
-str
eet.
Th
e m
od
ule
exp
lain
s h
ow
to
mea
sure
pa
rk-
ing
dem
an
d a
nd
th
eref
ore
ho
w
to k
no
w w
hen
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
e-
men
t is
req
uir
ed.
Th
ere
is a
dvi
ce
on
ho
w m
uch
to
ch
arg
e, h
ow
mu
ch i
nve
stm
ent
is r
equ
ired
, a
nd
ho
w l
on
g t
his
wil
l ta
ke
to r
epa
y
fro
m t
he
pa
rkin
g i
nco
me.
Th
ere
is a
lso
ad
vice
on
ho
w t
o i
mp
rove
enfo
rcem
ent
an
d c
om
pli
an
ce w
ith
reg
ula
tio
ns.
Th
e ro
le o
f n
ew t
ech
-
no
log
ies,
su
ch a
s ca
mer
a e
nfo
rce
-
men
t, p
ark
ing
gu
ida
nce
sy
stem
s
an
d m
ob
ile
pa
rkin
g i
s d
iscu
ssed
as
a w
ay
to
im
pro
ve c
om
pli
an
ce
an
d c
ust
om
er f
rien
dli
nes
s w
hil
st
red
uci
ng
op
erat
ing
co
sts.
Th
e m
od
ule
ha
s a
str
on
g f
ocu
s o
n
wa
ys
to m
ak
e th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t m
ore
pu
bli
cly
acc
epta
ble
, so
met
hin
g
that
is
refl
ecte
d i
n s
om
e o
f th
e
gro
up
ex
erci
ses,
e.g
. ex
am
ple
s
of
city
web
site
s a
bo
ut
pa
rkin
g i
n
the
city
are
hig
hli
gh
ted
. Th
en
,
the
mo
du
le e
xa
min
es t
he
lin
ks
bet
wee
n p
ark
ing
an
d e
con
om
ic
dev
elo
pm
ent
to s
ho
w t
hat
th
ere
are
mu
ch m
ore
im
po
rta
nt
fact
ors
tha
n p
ark
ing
th
at w
ill
aff
ect
a
city
’s e
con
om
y, t
hat
str
ict
ma
n-
ag
emen
t o
f p
ark
ing
ca
n g
o h
an
d
in h
an
d w
ith
eco
no
mic
su
cces
s,
an
d t
hat
peo
ple
in
ca
r d
epen
d-
ent
citi
es h
ave
less
dis
po
sab
le
inco
me
to s
pen
d o
n a
ctiv
itie
s in
thei
r lo
cal
eco
no
my.
Fin
all
y, t
he
mo
du
le l
oo
ks
at t
he
ad
van
tag
es
an
d d
isa
dva
nta
ges
of
rest
rict
ing
pa
rkin
g p
rovi
ded
in
new
bu
ild
-
ing
s to
a m
ax
imu
m r
ath
er t
ha
n
the
mo
re u
sua
l m
inim
um
. S
uch
an
ap
pro
ach
is
seen
in
th
e p
ark
-
ing
sta
nd
ard
s zo
nes
of
the
Cit
y o
f
Ed
inb
urg
h,
Sco
tla
nd
, w
her
e su
c-
cess
ivel
y l
ess
gen
ero
us
ma
xim
um
sta
nd
ard
s a
re a
pp
lied
in
are
as
alo
ng
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt c
orr
ido
rs
an
d c
lose
r to
th
e ci
ty c
entr
e.
PA
RK
ING
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
ME
AS
UR
ES
TO
IM
PLE
ME
NT
PR
OB
LE
MS
& O
BJE
CT
IVE
S
Th
is e
xe
rcis
e i
s b
ase
d o
n a
ve
ry
ty
pic
al
pro
ble
m i
n m
an
y s
ma
ll
an
d m
ed
ium
siz
ed
cit
ies:
th
at
of
un
de
r-u
se
d p
ark
ing
sp
ace
s,
an
d v
ery
sh
ort t
rip
s b
y c
ar t
ha
t
atte
mp
t t
o fi
nd
pa
rk
ing
sp
ace
s
rig
ht o
utsid
e t
he
ir fi
na
l d
estin
a-
tio
n.
De
sig
n a
ca
mp
aig
n
Des
ign
in
ou
tlin
e a
ca
mp
aig
n t
o
ma
ke
peo
ple
mo
re a
wa
re o
f h
ow
sho
rt t
he
dis
tan
ces
are
in
th
eir
sma
ll t
ow
n (
20,0
00
peo
ple
) a
nd
ther
efo
re o
f th
e sh
op
pin
g a
nd
lei
-
sure
op
po
rtu
nit
ies
that
are
ava
il-
ab
le w
ith
in a
sh
ort
wa
lk o
f th
eir
ho
mes
; a
nd
/or
a c
am
pa
ign
aim
ed
at t
rave
ller
s to
th
e ce
ntr
e o
f a
larg
er c
ity
(15
0,0
00
peo
ple
) to
ma
ke
them
aw
are
of
the
larg
e n
um
ber
of
un
der
-occ
up
ied
an
d c
hea
p p
ark
ing
pla
ces
just
a fi
ve
min
ute
wa
lk f
rom
the
cen
tre.
Pa
rk
ing
po
licy
in
yo
ur c
ity
Ima
gin
e, y
ou
are
res
po
nsi
ble
fo
r
the
pa
rkin
g p
oli
cy o
f yo
ur
ow
n
tow
n o
r ci
ty.
Try
to
dev
elo
p a
n o
ut-
lin
e o
f a
pa
rkin
g s
trat
egy,
co
nsi
der
-
ing
th
e fo
llo
win
g i
ssu
es:
• W
hat
are
th
e m
ost
pro
ble
mat
ic
issu
es?
• W
hat
po
lici
es w
ill
you
ch
oo
se t
o
imp
lem
ent,
an
d w
hy
?
• W
hat
wil
l b
e th
e b
igg
est
ba
rrie
rs
to i
mp
lem
enti
ng
po
licy
– a
nd
ho
w m
igh
t yo
u t
ry t
o o
verc
om
e
thes
e?
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
Aft
er i
ntr
od
uci
ng
th
e to
pic
wit
h
som
e k
ey d
efi n
itio
ns
of
pa
rkin
g
term
s, t
he
mo
du
le s
tart
s w
ith
the
iden
tifi
cati
on
of
pa
rkin
g
pro
ble
ms
an
d r
ela
ted
pa
rkin
g
ob
ject
ives
. Th
e
Pa
rkin
g P
rob
lem
s
iden
tifi
ed b
y t
rain
ees
no
rma
lly
fall
in
to o
ne
of
thre
e ca
teg
ori
es:
Op
era
tio
na
l – f
or
exa
mp
le,
that
ther
e is
un
der
-use
d p
ark
ing
in
on
e
pa
rt o
f th
e ci
ty,
or
that
it
is d
if-
fi cu
lt t
o g
et p
eop
le t
o o
bey
pa
rkin
g
reg
ula
tio
ns,
or
that
th
ere
are
pro
b-
lem
s w
ith
sig
ns
ab
ou
t re
gu
lati
on
s
an
d h
ow
to
iss
ue
tick
ets.
Stra
te
gic
– f
or
exa
mp
le,
that
ther
e is
no
t en
ou
gh
pa
rkin
g f
or
resi
den
ts,
or
that
ret
ail
ers
are
dem
an
din
g m
ore
or
chea
per
pa
rk-
ing
, o
r th
at t
her
e a
re c
on
fl ic
ts
bet
wee
n g
rou
ps
of
diff
ere
nt
use
rs
(res
iden
ts a
nd
co
mm
ute
rs f
or
ex-
am
ple
) a
bo
ut
pa
rkin
g.
Ex
te
rn
ali
tie
s o
f p
ark
ing
– f
or
ex-
am
ple
, th
at i
t ta
kes
up
str
eet
an
d
pu
bli
c sp
ace
, o
r th
at t
raffi
c s
earc
h-
ing
fo
r p
ark
ing
cau
ses
con
ges
tio
n
an
d p
oll
uti
on
.
Fro
m t
his
, tr
ain
ees
are
en
cou
r-
ag
ed t
o t
hin
k m
ore
ab
ou
t th
e o
b-
ject
ives
of
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t
in a
da
y t
o d
ay
fa
shio
n,
wit
h l
ittl
e
tim
e o
r re
sou
rces
ava
ila
ble
.
Th
e fo
llo
win
g a
re t
yp
ica
l o
f th
e
ob
ject
ives
th
at t
rain
ees
dev
elo
p;
pa
rkin
g m
an
ag
emen
t sh
ou
ld:
• H
elp
to
red
uce
co
ng
esti
on
an
d
po
llu
tio
n
• Im
pro
ve p
ub
lic
spa
ce a
nd
wid
-
er q
ua
lity
of
life
• Im
pro
ve t
he
acc
essi
bil
ity
of
the
stre
et e
nvi
ron
men
t fo
r p
eop
le
wit
h r
edu
ced
mo
bil
ity
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 1
© e
ltis.
org
© e
ltis.
org
© e
ltis.
org
14
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
15
1.
Lea
rn t
he
con
cep
t o
f M
o-
bil
ity
Ma
na
gem
ent
(MM
)
for
fam
ilie
s, k
ind
erg
ar-
ten
s a
nd
sch
oo
ls
2.
Un
der
sta
nd
ap
pro
ach
es
to i
nfl
uen
ce m
ob
ilit
y b
e-
ha
vio
ur
3.
Ga
in k
no
wle
dg
e a
bo
ut
the
spec
ifi c
nee
ds
of
chil
dre
n
as
roa
d-u
sers
4.
Get
fa
mil
iar
wit
h g
oo
d-
pra
ctic
e ex
am
ple
s o
f M
M
mea
sure
s a
nd
pra
ctic
al
too
ls f
or
eva
lua
tio
n
5.
Ga
in k
no
wle
dg
e a
bo
ut
ho
w t
o i
mp
rove
pro
ject
s
an
d h
ow
to
mea
sure
th
e
ou
tco
me
Nam
e:
Ud
o B
ecke
r O
rgan
isat
ion:
D
resd
en U
nive
rsity
of T
echn
olog
y, G
erm
any
Con
tact
: in
fo@
verk
ehrs
oeko
logi
e.d
eQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
P
rofe
ssor
at
the
Cha
ir fo
r tr
ansp
orta
tion
ec
olog
y, D
resd
en U
nive
rsity
of T
echn
olog
y
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
M o
re a
nd
mo
re c
hil
dre
n s
uff
er f
rom
la
ck o
f p
hy
sica
l a
ctiv
ity,
no
ise
an
d t
ran
spo
rt r
elat
ed a
ir p
oll
uti
on
su
ch a
s fi
ne
du
st.
At
the
sam
e ti
me,
th
e tr
affi
c v
olu
mes
nea
r sc
ho
ols
are
ver
y h
igh
.
To
giv
e a
n e
xa
mp
le:
In A
ust
ria
, tw
o o
ut
of
thre
e p
are
nts
ta
ke
thei
r ch
ild
ren
to s
cho
ol
by
ca
r, w
hic
h l
ead
s to
pa
rkin
g c
ap
aci
ty p
rob
lem
s a
nd
ro
ad
co
n-
ges
tio
n.
Th
is t
rain
ing
mo
du
le d
eals
wit
h m
easu
res
that
su
pp
ort
fa
mil
ies,
kin
der
ga
rten
s a
nd
sch
oo
ls t
o m
ak
e m
ob
ilit
y m
ore
sa
fe,
envi
ron
men
tall
y
frie
nd
ly a
nd
hea
lth
y. Th
e
ove
rall
go
al
is t
o e
nco
ura
ge
chil
dre
n a
nd
pa
r-
ents
to
tra
vel
to s
cho
ol
ind
epen
den
tly
by
su
sta
ina
ble
tra
nsp
ort
mo
des
.
Th
e tr
ain
ing
in
tro
du
ces
the
con
cep
t o
f M
ob
ilit
y M
an
ag
emen
t (M
M)
an
d
pro
vid
es i
nfo
rmat
ion
ab
ou
t th
e sp
ecifi
c n
eed
s o
f ch
ild
ren
(in
th
e so
cia
li-
sati
on
pro
cess
, b
eca
use
of
thei
r p
ass
ive
role
in
tra
nsp
ort
, sp
ecia
l p
hy
sica
l
cha
ract
eris
tics
an
d d
isti
nct
co
gn
itiv
e a
bil
itie
s).
It c
ove
rs e
xa
mp
les
of
MM
mea
sure
s (e
.g.
mo
bil
ity
act
ion
day
s, w
alk
ing
bu
ses,
cyc
lin
g c
ou
rses
, ca
m-
pa
ign
s, m
ob
ilit
y g
am
es e
tc.)
as
wel
l a
s p
ract
ica
l to
ols
fo
r M
M e
valu
atio
n
(Ma
xS
um
o, M
ax
Eva
).
Tra
ine
r
Mo
bil
ity
ma
na
ge
me
nt
me
asu
re
s
f
orfa
mil
ies,
kin
de
rg
arte
ns
an
d s
ch
oo
ls
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Pub
lic T
rans
por
t d
ay a
t D
imot
iko
Sch
ool o
f Ath
ens-
Pira
eus,
Gre
ece
Est
ablis
hing
a t
raffi
c sa
fety
cen
tre
for
a ki
nder
gart
en in
Plo
vdiv
, B
ulga
ria
I ca
nn
ot t
each
an
ybod
y an
yth
ing
, I
can
on
ly m
ake
them
th
ink
.
Socr
ates
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 2
© eltis.org/Schiffer
16
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
17
In t
he
earl
y y
ears
of
life
, ch
ild
ren
can
no
t p
erce
ive
the
dis
tan
ce b
e-
twee
n t
hem
an
d a
n o
nco
min
g v
e-
hic
le.
Res
earc
h i
nd
icat
es t
hat
th
e
cog
nit
ive
dev
elo
pm
ent
of
chil
dre
n
occ
urs
in
fo
ur
sta
ges
: (1
) in
fan
ts
dis
cove
r th
e w
orl
d w
ith
th
eir
sen
s-
es a
nd
wit
h t
he
aid
of
thei
r a
c-
tio
ns;
(2)
at
kin
der
ga
rten
ag
e th
ey
dev
elo
p t
he
ab
ilit
y t
o r
epre
sen
t
the
envi
ron
men
t th
rou
gh
la
n-
gu
ag
e a
nd
im
ag
inat
ion
; (3
) at
ab
ou
t se
ven
yea
rs t
hey
sta
rt t
hin
k-
ing
in
a l
ega
l w
ay b
ut
it i
s n
ot
un
til
ad
ole
scen
ce (
4) t
hat
a f
ull
de
-
velo
pm
ent
of
syst
emat
ic t
hin
kin
g
is a
chie
ved
. G
iven
th
at,
spec
ial
atte
nti
on
mu
st b
e g
iven
to
ch
il-
dre
n a
s a
gro
up
of
roa
d u
sers
in
all
tra
nsp
ort
pla
nn
ing
pro
cess
es.
Th
ere
is a
co
nse
nsu
s a
mo
ng
EU
Mem
ber
Sta
tes
that
th
ere
is a
nee
d t
o r
edu
ce e
ner
gy
co
nsu
mp
-
tio
n a
nd
to
ach
ieve
gre
ater
en
erg
y
effi
cien
cy.
Ho
wev
er,
tech
nic
al
solu
tio
ns
alo
ne
can
no
t a
chie
ve
the
pro
gre
ss t
hat
is
req
uir
ed t
o
rea
lise
en
erg
y r
edu
ctio
ns
in t
ran
s-
po
rt.
Co
nse
qu
entl
y, t
he
trav
el
beh
avio
ur
of
the
po
pu
lati
on
(h
ow
peo
ple
mo
ve f
rom
A t
o B
an
d
ho
w p
eop
le u
se t
ran
spo
rt)
mu
st
be
bro
ug
ht
into
co
nsi
der
atio
n.
Mo
bil
ity
Ma
na
gem
ent
(MM
) is
a
con
cep
t th
at a
ims
to c
ha
ng
e th
e
mo
bil
ity
beh
avio
ur
of
peo
ple
. M
M
mea
sure
s a
re o
ften
ap
pli
ed t
arg
et
gro
up
sp
ecifi
c (
e.g
. a
dd
ress
ing
pri
vate
/pu
bli
c co
mp
an
ies,
fa
mi-
lies
or
eld
erly
peo
ple
).
Fro
m a
ph
ysi
olo
gic
al
po
int
of
view
,
chil
dre
n h
ave
spec
ial
nee
ds
that
hav
e to
be
con
sid
ered
wh
en i
m-
ple
men
tin
g t
ran
spo
rt m
easu
res.
Du
rin
g e
arl
y c
hil
dh
oo
d,
chil
dre
n
are
alm
ost
alw
ay
s in
th
e p
ha
se o
f
soci
ali
sati
on
. Th
ey
nee
d t
o l
earn
the
mea
nin
gs
of
sym
bo
ls,
no
rms
an
d r
ule
s o
f so
cia
l in
tera
ctio
n a
nd
,
as
a r
esu
lt,
are
cu
rio
us
an
d l
earn
a l
ot
du
rin
g e
ach
jo
urn
ey t
hey
ma
ke.
Th
is p
roce
ss t
ak
es p
lace
by
mea
ns
of
imit
atio
n o
f ro
le m
od
-
els,
in
stru
ctio
n,
ob
serv
atio
n a
nd
oth
ers.
Th
ereb
y, t
he
chil
dre
ns’
atti
tud
e to
wa
rds
mo
bil
ity
is
con
-
sist
entl
y s
ha
ped
an
d i
t is
ea
sier
to
set
som
e p
osi
tive
ex
am
ple
s in
th
is
ph
ase
of
soci
ali
sati
on
th
an
lat
er i
n
thei
r li
ves.
Ch
ild
ren
oft
en h
ave
a p
ass
ive
role
in t
ran
spo
rt.
Th
ey c
an
no
t d
rive
cars
an
d a
re s
low
er t
ha
n o
ther
tra
nsp
ort
use
rs.
As
a r
esu
lt,
chil
-
dre
n a
re o
ften
vic
tim
s o
f n
egat
ive
tra
ffi c
im
pa
cts
bu
t d
o n
ot
cau
se
them
. Th
e
acc
iden
t ri
sk o
f ch
ild
ren
in r
oa
d t
raffi
c i
s h
igh
er t
ha
n t
he
risk
fo
r a
du
lts.
Ch
ild
ren
hav
e sp
ecia
l p
hy
sica
l
cha
ract
eris
tics
wit
h r
ega
rd t
o b
od
y
hei
gh
t, g
row
th,
resp
irat
ion
etc
.
On
th
e o
ne
ha
nd
, ch
ild
ren
are
sma
ller
th
an
ad
ult
s a
nd
are
th
us
mo
re p
ron
e to
neg
ativ
e tr
affi
c i
m-
pa
cts
such
as
veh
icle
em
issi
on
s.
On
th
e o
ther
ha
nd
, ch
ild
ren
are
easi
er t
o t
ran
spo
rt i
n m
ore
su
s-
tain
ab
le v
ehic
les
(e.g
. in
bik
es).
Th
ere
is a
va
riet
y o
f d
iff e
ren
t,
test
ed a
nd
pro
ven
mea
sure
s a
d-
dre
ssin
g k
ind
erg
art
en a
nd
sch
oo
l
chil
dre
n.
Va
rio
us
dat
ab
ase
s
an
d p
latf
orm
s g
ive
an
ove
rvie
w
of
mea
sure
s, s
uch
as
BA
M-
BIN
I (w
ww
.mo
bil
e-b
am
bin
i.eu
),
SC
HO
OLW
AY
(w
ww
.sch
oo
lwa
y.
net
), L
ifeC
ycl
e (w
ww
.lif
ecy
cle.
cc)
or
Tre
nd
y T
rave
l (w
ww
.tra
nd
y-
trav
el.e
u).
Am
on
g t
he
mo
st p
op
ula
r M
ob
ilit
y
Ma
na
gem
ent
mea
sure
s a
re:
• A
wa
re
ne
ss r
ais
ing
ca
mp
aig
ns
to s
tim
ula
te y
ou
ng
ch
ild
ren
(an
d t
hei
r p
are
nts
) to
wa
lk,
cycl
e to
sch
oo
l o
r to
use
PT
(e.g
. T
raffi
c S
na
ke
Ga
me)
• A
ctio
n t
o p
ro
mo
te
th
e u
se
of
th
e b
ike
(e.
g.
bic
ycle
lo
tter
y,
gu
ided
bic
ycle
ex
curs
ion
s, t
est
day
s fo
r b
icyc
les,
bik
e m
ain
te-
na
nce
wo
rksh
op
s)
• A
ctio
n t
o p
ro
mo
te
wa
lkin
g t
o
sch
oo
l (e
.g.
Ped
iBu
s, W
alk
to
Sch
oo
l ca
mp
aig
ns)
• A
ctio
n t
o p
ro
mo
te
th
e u
se
of
Pu
bli
c T
ra
nsp
ort t
o s
cho
ol
(op
en d
ays
to b
oo
st p
ub
lic
tra
ns-
po
rt,
free
rid
es f
or
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
of
cult
ura
l ev
ents
, vi
sits
to
th
e
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt t
erm
ina
l /
ma
inte
na
nce
cen
tre,
wo
rksh
op
s
on
ho
w t
o u
se b
use
s in
a s
afe
way
, p
lan
nin
g s
cho
ol
an
d l
ei-
sure
tri
ps
by
PT
)
• W
ork
sh
op
s a
nd
le
sso
ns t
hem
ed
on
eco
-fri
end
ly m
ob
ilit
y
Mo
re i
nfo
rmat
ion
ab
ou
t ca
m-
pa
ign
ing
ca
n b
e fo
un
d i
n t
he
rea
der
of
Mo
du
le 7
“S
ust
ain
-a
ble
Mo
bil
ity
ca
mp
aig
ns”
.
1.
Ide
ntif
yin
g p
ro
ble
ms o
f to
da
y
Ima
gin
e a
ty
pic
al
fam
ily
in
yo
ur
city
. W
hat
are
th
eir
big
ges
t p
rob
-
lem
s in
tra
nsp
ort
to
day
? W
hic
h M
o-
bil
ity
Ma
na
gem
ent
mea
sure
wo
uld
ma
ke
life
ea
sier
fo
r th
is f
am
ily
?
2.
Tra
ve
llin
g w
ith
ch
ild
re
n
Hav
e a
lo
ok
at
the
ph
oto
s p
rese
nte
d
bel
ow
an
d t
hin
k a
bo
ut
the
foll
ow
-
ing
qu
esti
on
s:
• H
ave
you
ex
per
ien
ced
sim
ila
r
situ
atio
ns?
• W
hat
do
yo
u l
ike
ab
ou
t th
e p
ic-
ture
d s
itu
atio
n?
• W
hat
is
mis
sin
g/
ab
sen
t?
• T
ry t
o t
ran
sfer
th
e id
ea t
o y
ou
r
pro
fess
ion
al
life
an
d,
wh
at
wo
uld
yo
u l
ike
to c
ha
ng
e?
Ma
ke
mo
bil
ity
fo
r c
hil
dre
n
sa
fe a
nd
en
vir
on
me
nta
lly
fr
ien
dly
SP
EC
IFIC
NE
ED
S O
F
CH
ILD
RE
N A
S R
OA
D U
SE
RS
Acc
ord
ing
to
th
e E
uro
pea
n P
lat-
form
on
Mo
bil
ity
Ma
na
gem
ent
(EP
OM
M),
Mo
bil
ity
Ma
na
gem
ent
is a
co
nce
pt
to p
rom
ote
su
sta
in-
ab
le t
ran
spo
rt a
nd
ma
na
ge
the
dem
an
d f
or
car
use
by
ch
an
gin
g
trav
elle
rs’
atti
tud
es a
nd
beh
av-
iou
r. A
t th
e co
re o
f M
ob
ilit
y M
an
-
ag
emen
t a
re s
oft
mea
sure
s li
ke
info
rmat
ion
an
d c
om
mu
nic
atio
n,
org
an
isin
g s
ervi
ces
an
d c
oo
rdin
at-
ing
act
ivit
ies
of
diff
ere
nt
pa
rtn
ers.
So
ft m
easu
res
mo
st o
ften
en
ha
nce
the
eff e
ctiv
enes
s o
f h
ard
mea
sure
s
wit
hin
urb
an
tra
nsp
ort
(e.
g.,
new
tra
m l
ines
, n
ew r
oa
ds
an
d n
ew
bik
e la
nes
). M
ob
ilit
y M
an
ag
e-
men
t m
easu
res
(in
co
mp
ari
son
to “
ha
rd”
mea
sure
s) d
o n
ot
nec
-
essa
rily
req
uir
e la
rge
fi n
an
cia
l
inve
stm
ents
an
d m
ay h
ave
a h
igh
ben
efi t
-co
st r
atio
.
“D
o c
hil
dre
n h
av
e
to s
tay
in
th
e g
ara
ge
,
so c
ars
ca
n p
lay
ou
tsid
e
on
th
e s
tre
et?
”
TH
E C
ON
CE
PT
OF M
OB
ILIT
Y
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
MO
BIL
ITY
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
ME
AS
UR
ES
A
DD
RE
SS
ING
CH
ILD
RE
N
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 2
MO
BIL
ITY
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
ME
AS
UR
ES
FO
R F
AM
ILIE
S, K
IND
ER
GA
RT
EN
S
AN
D S
CH
OO
LS
© e
ltis.
org
© e
ltis.
org
Sou
rce:
Pro
ject
BE
NE
FIT
© e
ltis.
org
18
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
19
Nam
e:
Màr
ius
Nav
azo
Org
anis
atio
n:
Gro
up o
f Stu
die
s an
d A
ltern
ativ
es 2
1
(Gea
21),
Sp
ain
Con
tact
: m
nava
zo@
gea2
1.co
mQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
C
onsu
ltant
in T
rans
por
t P
olic
y an
d M
obili
ty
M
anag
emen
t, L
ectu
rer
at S
pan
ish
Uni
vers
i -
ties
and
at
Tuft
s U
nive
rsity
of B
osto
n
T h
is m
od
ule
dea
ls w
ith
th
e re
lati
on
s b
etw
een
to
wn
pla
nn
ing
an
d
mo
bil
ity,
pa
yin
g a
tten
tio
n t
o t
hre
e m
ain
iss
ues
: (1
) h
ow
to
re
-
du
ce a
vera
ge
trip
dis
tan
ce,
(2)
ho
w t
o r
edu
ce u
rba
n s
pee
d a
nd
(3) h
ow
to
ch
an
ge
mo
da
l sp
lit
tow
ard
s w
alk
ing
, cy
clin
g a
nd
oth
er s
ust
ain
-
ab
le m
od
es.
Th
e tr
ain
ing
fo
cuse
s o
n t
he
diff
ere
nt
too
ls t
hat
to
wn
pla
nn
ers
hav
e in
th
eir
ha
nd
s to
ad
dre
ss t
hes
e is
sues
: sp
atia
l asp
ects
(lo
cati
on
, d
en-
sity
, m
ix-u
sed
la
nd
), s
tru
ctu
ral
asp
ects
(ro
ad
wa
y c
ap
aci
ty a
nd
hie
rarc
hy,
pa
rkin
g l
oca
tio
ns
an
d c
ap
aci
ty,
no
n-m
oto
rise
d a
nd
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt n
et-
wo
rk)
an
d p
lan
nin
g r
egu
lati
on
s (o
ff -s
tree
t p
ark
ing
sta
nd
ard
s, b
uil
din
g
typ
olo
gy,
rel
atio
ns
bet
wee
n p
ub
lic
an
d p
riva
te s
pa
ces
an
d s
tree
t d
esig
n).
Th
e tr
ain
ing
als
o e
mp
ha
sise
s th
e p
oss
ibil
itie
s to
use
th
is i
nte
gra
tive
ap
-
pro
ach
in
pro
cess
es w
her
e th
e ci
tize
ns
hav
e a
sa
y i
n t
he
reg
ener
atio
n o
f
thei
r n
eig
hb
ou
rho
od
s. A
fter
dec
ad
es o
f u
nre
aso
na
ble
dev
elo
pm
ent,
urb
an
life
in
mo
st p
ub
lic
spa
ces
is s
tifl
ed b
y l
oca
l tr
affi
c a
nd
pa
rkin
g i
mp
act
.
Co
mm
un
itie
s h
ave
to r
eco
ver
the
sen
se o
f p
lace
ma
kin
g a
nd
urb
an
liv
e.
Rec
ove
rin
g t
he
com
mo
n s
pa
ce f
or
peo
ple
.
Tra
ine
r
La
nd
u
se
an
d
ho
usin
g
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
CIC
LOC
ULT
UR
A –
Rea
lisat
ion
of a
tem
por
ary
ped
estr
ian
area
, C
asal
nuov
o d
i Nap
oli,
Italy
Tem
por
arily
con
vert
ing
Roa
dsp
ace
into
a P
lace
for
Peo
ple
, S
an-S
ebas
tian,
Sp
ain
1.
To
un
der
sta
nd
th
e cl
ose
lin
k
bet
wee
n a
go
od
urb
an
pla
n-
nin
g a
nd
des
ign
an
d m
ore
op
po
rtu
nit
y t
o b
ase
da
ily
mo
-
bil
ity
in
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
des
2.
To
dee
pen
in
a c
on
soli
da
ted
met
ho
d o
f in
teg
rate
d p
lan
-
nin
g o
f m
ob
ilit
y, u
rba
n s
pa
ce
an
d u
rba
n p
lan
nin
g,
thro
ug
h
pra
ctic
al
case
s
3.
To
ex
plo
re t
he
po
ssib
ilit
ies
of
pla
ce-b
ase
d a
nd
cit
izen
s-le
d
exp
erie
nce
s o
f u
rba
n r
egen
er-
ati
on
, im
pro
vin
g t
he
exis
tin
g
pu
bli
c sp
ace
an
d a
cces
sib
ilit
y
4.
To
re
-ori
ent
mo
bil
ity
an
d d
e-
fi n
ing
new
pri
nci
ple
s b
ase
d
on
su
sta
ina
bil
ity
an
d p
eop
les’
nee
ds
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
Vit
al,
live
ly,
div
erse
, in
ten
se c
itie
s co
nta
in t
he
seed
s of
th
eir
own
reg
ener
a-ti
on,
wit
h e
ner
gy
enou
gh
to
carr
y ov
er f
or p
rob
lem
s an
d
nee
ds
outs
ide
them
selv
es.
Jane
Jaco
bs
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 3
20
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
21
New
dev
elop
men
tntntel
opel
opm
ewd
New
d
Gre
en a
rea
GR
oad
Gre
en a
rea
een
arre
en a
r
Sus
tain
able
U
rban
Pla
nnin
g
Red
ucin
g av
erag
e tr
ip d
ista
nce
Cre
atin
gur
ban
pro
xim
ity
Loca
tion
Den
sity
Mix
ed-u
se
Str
uctu
ral
elem
ents
Pla
nnin
gre
gula
tions
Pus
h &
pul
lm
easu
res
Cha
ngin
g m
odal
sp
lit t
owar
ds
sust
aina
be
mod
es
Pu
bli
c sp
ace
dev
ote
d t
o c
ar
tra
ffic
an
d p
ark
ing
lea
ves
insu
ffici
ent
roo
m f
or
com
mu
nit
y l
ife,
co
mm
u-
nic
atio
n,
pla
yin
g a
nd
fre
e re
lati
on
-
ship
s b
etw
een
cit
izen
s, m
ak
ing
the
exis
tin
g s
pa
ce l
ess
an
d l
ess
attr
act
ive
for
soci
al
inte
ract
ion
.
As
a r
esu
lt,
car
tra
ffic
is t
he
on
ly
suit
ab
le u
se f
or
stre
ets.
Co
mb
inin
g
urb
an
pla
nn
ing
wit
h s
ust
ain
ab
le
mo
bil
ity
giv
es r
ise
to e
xa
mp
les
wh
ere
pro
xim
ity,
au
ton
om
y f
or
citi
zen
s o
f a
ll a
ges
an
d l
ivea
bil
ity
are
th
e m
ain
ch
ara
cter
isti
cs o
f th
e
pu
bli
c sp
ace
.
SO
CIA
L A
SP
EC
TS
H av
e yo
u e
ver
tho
ug
ht
ab
ou
t th
e re
lati
on
ship
bet
wee
n u
rba
n p
lan
-
nin
g d
ecis
ion
s a
nd
th
e w
ay
peo
-
ple
mo
ve a
rou
nd
? H
ave
you
eve
r
tho
ug
ht
ab
ou
t h
ow
urb
an
den
sity
aff
ects
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt,
or
ab
ou
t
the
mo
st s
uit
ab
le l
oca
tio
ns
for
a
new
ho
spit
al,
sch
oo
l o
r h
ou
se?
Do
yo
u b
elie
ve t
rad
itio
na
l zo
nin
g
imp
rove
s w
alk
ab
ilit
y a
nd
bik
e-
ab
ilit
y?
Ho
w c
an
off
-str
eet
pa
rk-
ing
sta
nd
ard
reg
ula
tio
ns
aff
ect
car
use
? W
hat
mo
bil
ity
im
pli
ca-
tio
ns
can
we
exp
ect
fro
m d
iffer
ent
bu
ild
ing
ty
pes
?
All
th
ese
qu
esti
on
s a
re c
ove
red
in
this
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
, w
hic
h i
s
inte
rest
ed i
n b
oth
th
e la
rge
sca
le
(urb
an
pla
nn
ing
) a
nd
th
e sm
all
sca
le (
a s
tree
t p
roje
ct).
Att
enti
on
is g
iven
to
im
pro
vin
g a
cces
sib
il-
ity
in
new
dev
elo
pm
ents
, th
e
ren
ewa
l o
f u
rba
n a
rea
s o
r ex
isti
ng
are
as,
in
tro
du
cin
g t
ech
nic
al
con
-
cep
ts a
nd
ill
ust
rati
ng
all
th
is w
ith
refe
ren
ce t
o g
oo
d e
xa
mp
les
an
d
bes
t p
ract
ice
dev
elo
ped
in
diff
er-
ent
cou
ntr
ies.
Cit
ies
of
the
21st
cen
tury
sh
ou
ld
be
live
ly,
safe
, su
sta
ina
ble
an
d
hea
lth
y. T
o a
chie
ve t
his
urb
an
qu
ali
ty,
on
e o
f th
e k
eys
is t
o s
hif
t
ind
ivid
ua
l m
oto
r ca
r tr
affi
c to
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g.
A s
et o
f in
-
stru
men
ts c
an
hel
p t
o r
e-o
rien
t
urb
an
pla
nn
ing
to
wa
rds
sust
ain
-
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y.
In r
ecen
t ti
mes
, th
e co
nce
pt
of
tra
nsp
ort
is
giv
ing
wa
y t
o t
he
con
-
cep
t o
f m
ob
ilit
y. Th
is t
ak
es i
nto
acc
ou
nt
all
th
e d
iffer
ent
wa
ys
in
wh
ich
peo
ple
mo
ve,
in c
on
tra
st
wit
h t
he
form
er a
pp
roa
ch w
her
e
att
enti
on
wa
s p
aid
pri
ma
rily
to
car
use
an
d i
ts p
rob
lem
s (fl
ow
,
roa
d c
ap
aci
ty,
ave
rag
e sp
eed
etc
.).
This
new
co
nce
pt
intr
od
uce
s
new
act
ors
an
d n
ew f
act
ors
, a
nd
cha
ng
es t
he
wa
y i
n w
hic
h p
rob
-
lem
s a
re a
na
lyse
d a
nd
so
lved
.
Peo
ple
wa
lkin
g,
cycl
ing
or
usi
ng
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt h
ave
bec
om
e
ma
in v
ecto
rs,
in c
on
tra
st t
o t
he
ove
rrid
ing
in
flu
ence
of
cars
an
d
dri
vers
in
pre
vio
us
ap
pro
ach
es.
Acc
ord
ing
to
Ga
ffro
n1 ,
fav
ou
rab
le
loca
tio
ns
for
new
dev
elo
pm
ents
nee
d t
o f
ulfi
l th
e fo
llo
win
g r
e-
qu
irem
ents
:
• E
very
day
faci
liti
es (e
.g.
sch
oo
ls,
sho
ps,
hea
lth
ca
re)
nee
d t
o b
e
acc
essi
ble
wit
hin
ea
sy w
alk
ing
or
cycl
ing
dis
tan
ce
• Th
e si
te s
ho
uld
be
loca
ted
at
no
mo
re t
ha
n c
on
ven
ien
t cy
clin
g
dis
tan
ce t
o c
ity
cen
tres
or
sur-
rou
nd
ing
dis
tric
ts
• Th
e si
te s
ho
uld
be
inte
gra
ted
into
a h
igh
qu
ali
ty p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
sy
stem
.
De
ve
lop
ing
stru
ctu
ra
l a
sp
ects
on
a m
ap
Ima
gin
e a
new
dev
elo
pm
ent
an
d f
o-
cus
on
sev
era
l st
ruct
ura
l is
sues
lik
e:
• R
oa
dw
ay
hie
rarc
hy
(m
ain
stre
ets,
lo
cal
or
resi
den
tia
l
stre
ets)
• N
um
ber
of
lan
es a
nd
dir
ecti
on
s
of
tra
ffic
• R
oa
dw
ay
des
ign
(tr
affi
c ca
lmin
g
zon
es,
ped
estr
ian
are
as,
etc
.)
• In
ters
ecti
on
des
ign
(ro
un
da
-
bo
ut,
tra
ffic
lig
ht,
ped
estr
ian
cro
ssin
g,
etc.
)
• N
on
-mo
tori
sed
net
wo
rks
(sid
e-
wa
lk w
idth
, b
ike
lan
es,
etc.
)
• P
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
net
wo
rk (
bu
s
lan
es,
bu
s st
op
des
ign
)
• O
n-s
tree
t a
nd
off
-str
eet
pa
rkin
g
(ca
pa
city
an
d l
oca
tio
n)
Urb
an
sp
ra
wl
vs.
co
mp
act c
ity
: th
e r
ole
of
sp
atia
l p
lan
nin
g
LA
ND
US
E A
ND
HO
US
ING
Pre
vio
us
rese
arc
h h
as
defi
ned
th
e cl
ose
rel
atio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
urb
an
pla
n-
nin
g,
lan
d u
se a
nd
ho
usi
ng
ch
ara
cter
isti
cs a
nd
th
e o
pp
ort
un
itie
s fo
r m
ore
sust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y. A
lon
g t
erm
so
luti
on
to
sp
ecifi
c re
late
d m
ob
ilit
y p
rob
-
lem
s ca
n o
nly
be
ach
ieve
d b
y i
mp
rovi
ng
urb
an
pla
nn
ing
cri
teri
a a
nd
in
te-
gra
tin
g n
ew t
ran
spo
rt c
ha
llen
ges
.
Asp
ects t
o b
e t
ak
en
in
to
acco
un
t i
n u
rb
an
pla
nn
ing
for m
ore
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
bil
ity
INT
EG
RAT
ED
PLA
NN
ING
Mo
bil
ity
is
lin
ked
to
th
e fr
am
e-
wo
rk o
f n
eed
s a
nd
so
cia
l d
esir
es,
bu
t is
als
o r
elat
ed t
o t
he
loca
tio
n
of
act
ivit
ies,
ho
usi
ng
, fa
cili
ties
an
d t
he
stru
ctu
re o
f u
rba
n s
pa
ce,
bo
th v
aca
nt
spa
ce a
nd
bu
ilt-
up
are
as.
The
“zo
nin
g”
ap
pro
ach
to
urb
an
pla
nn
ing
mea
ns
that
lo
ng
dis
tan
ces
hav
e to
be
cove
red
be
-
twee
n d
ail
y a
ctiv
itie
s. Th
is c
lea
rly
favo
urs
mo
tori
sed
tri
ps
an
d a
ll
thei
r n
egat
ive
imp
act
s in
ter
ms
of
soci
al
equ
ity
an
d e
nvi
ron
men
tal
imp
act
s. M
ore
ove
r, l
ow
den
sity
are
as
or
urb
an
sp
raw
l a
re n
ot
suit
ab
le f
or
effici
ent
mea
ns
of
tra
nsp
ort
.
SPAT
IAL A
SP
EC
TS
ST
RU
CT
UR
AL A
SP
EC
TS
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
Exa
mp
le (fi
gure
on
the
left
): R
esid
ent
car
par
k is
not
loca
ted
nex
t to
the
bui
ld-
ing,
but
con
cent
rate
d a
t on
e p
oint
in t
he
neig
hbou
rhoo
d a
s co
llect
ive
gara
ges.
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 3
Use
thi
s m
ap fo
r d
raw
ing
1
GA
FFR
ON
, P./
HU
ISM
AN
, F/
SK
ALA
, F (2
008)
: Eco
city
Boo
k II.
How
to
mak
e it
hap
pen
?
22
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
23
Pu
bli
c
tra
nsp
ort
mo
de
ls
P u
bli
c T
ran
spo
rt (
PT
) en
com
pa
sses
all
tra
nsp
ort
sy
stem
s in
wh
ich
the
pa
ssen
ger
s d
o n
ot
trav
el i
n t
hei
r o
wn
veh
icle
s, b
ut
sha
re t
he
tra
nsp
ort
mo
de.
Pri
ma
rily
, th
e P
T s
yst
em p
rovi
des
sch
edu
led
ser
v-
ices
on
fi x
ed r
ou
tes
on
a n
on
-res
erva
tio
n b
asi
s a
nd
th
e vi
sio
n is
to
co
mb
ine
the
div
erse
sy
stem
s (m
etro
, b
us,
tra
m e
tc.)
into
a u
nifi
ed
sea
mle
ss s
yst
em
that
in
crea
ses
rid
ersh
ip.
All
cit
ies
hav
e so
me
sha
re o
f P
ub
lic
Tra
nsp
ort
;
ho
wev
er,
wh
ich
ele
men
ts d
isti
ng
uis
h t
he
bes
t fr
om
th
e re
st o
f th
em?
Wh
y
do
so
me
citi
es h
ave
mo
re t
ha
n 5
0 %
PT
mo
da
l sh
are
an
d o
ther
s le
ss t
ha
n
5 %
? W
ith
th
is t
rain
ing
mo
du
le,
insi
gh
t in
to t
ho
se a
ctio
ns
that
im
pro
ve
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt is
pro
vid
ed,
wit
h r
esp
ect
to g
reat
er o
per
atio
na
l effi
cie
ncy
,
incr
ease
d a
ttra
ctiv
enes
s a
nd
im
pro
ved
eff
ecti
ven
ess.
Tra
inee
s ca
n g
ain
an
un
der
sta
nd
ing
of
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt o
rga
nis
atio
na
l m
od
els,
as
wel
l a
s
fi n
an
cia
l a
nd
reg
ula
tory
str
uct
ure
s. Th
e
mo
du
le’s
ob
ject
ive
is t
o p
rese
nt
diff
ere
nt
stra
teg
ies
that
wil
l m
ak
e th
e ca
pti
ve u
sers
bec
om
e ch
oic
e u
sers
!
Nam
e:
Yann
is K
olio
usis
Org
anis
atio
n:
Fom
erly
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pira
eus
Res
earc
h
cent
re, G
reec
e; n
ow D
ecis
ion
Dyn
amic
s,
C
ypru
sC
onta
ct:
igk@
e-ko
lious
is.g
rQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
E
xper
t in
the
fi el
ds
of t
rans
por
t p
lann
ing,
ca
rgo
logi
stic
s, p
ublic
tra
nsp
ort,
par
king
sp
ace
man
agem
ent
and
mob
ility
m
anag
emen
t.
Tra
ine
r
1.
To
dis
cuss
po
ten
tia
l a
ctio
ns
to i
mp
rove
th
e effi
ci
ency
an
d a
ttra
ctiv
enes
s o
f P
ub
lic
Tra
nsp
ort
2.
Act
ion
s th
at
sup
po
rt P
T i
nte
-
gra
tio
n w
ith
oth
er s
ust
ain
-
ab
le t
ran
spo
rt s
yst
ems
3.
An
un
der
sta
nd
ing
of
Pu
bli
c
Tra
nsp
ot
fun
din
g o
pti
on
s
an
d o
f th
e st
rate
gie
s th
at
in-
crea
se r
even
ues
an
d b
ott
om
lin
e p
rofi
ts
4.
Pu
bli
c T
ran
spo
rt o
rga
nis
a-
tio
na
l m
od
els:
co
nce
pts
,
stra
teg
ies
an
d p
ub
lic
serv
ice
ass
ign
men
t b
asi
cs
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Pas
seng
er in
form
atio
n sy
stem
for
PT
trip
pla
nnin
g (“
From
Ryb
nik
by
bus
”), P
olan
d
“Car
or
Pub
lic T
rans
por
t? Y
ou
choo
se!”
, Sig
hiso
ara,
Rom
ania
A d
evel
oped
cou
ntr
y is
not
a
pla
ce w
her
e th
e p
oor
hav
e ca
rs.
It’s
wh
ere
the
rich
use
pu
bli
c tr
ansp
orta
tion
.
Enr
ique
Peñ
alos
a,
form
er M
ayor
of B
ogot
á,
Col
ombi
a
Tra
ine
r
© eltis.org/Schiffer
2425
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 4
PU
BLIC
TR
AN
SP
OR
T M
OD
ELS
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
Pu
bli
c t
ra
nsp
ort h
elp
s
to
fi g
ht c
on
ge
stio
n,
is g
oo
d
for t
he
en
vir
on
me
nt a
nd
e
nsu
re
s m
ob
ilit
y f
or a
ll
cit
ize
ns
In a
imin
g t
o c
ha
ng
e th
e b
eha
v-
iou
r o
f ro
ad
use
rs,
we
hav
e to
con
vin
ce t
hem
of
the
valu
e a
nd
qu
ali
ties
of
the
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt
syst
em.
Ho
wev
er,
we
fi rs
t h
ave
to
un
der
sta
nd
th
e sp
ecifi
c e
lem
ents
that
dri
ve m
od
al
cho
ice.
Th
e m
ost
imp
ort
an
t p
rob
lem
s th
at P
T a
u-
tho
riti
es f
ace
in
clu
de:
• In
ad
equ
ate
serv
ice
cap
aci
ty
• U
nre
lia
ble
ser
vice
• Ir
reg
ula
r fr
equ
ency
• P
oo
r ro
ute
co
vera
ge
• E
xce
ssiv
e tr
an
sfer
req
uir
e-
men
ts b
etw
een
ro
ute
s
• E
xce
ssiv
e fa
res
• L
ow
pro
fi ta
bil
ity
• E
xce
ssiv
e su
bsi
dy
req
uir
e-
men
ts
• P
oo
r ve
hic
le q
ua
lity
• P
oo
r sa
fety
per
form
an
ce
• T
raffi
c c
on
ges
tio
n c
au
sed
by
bu
ses
• P
oll
uti
on
ca
use
d b
y b
use
s
• M
istr
eatm
ent
of
pa
ssen
ger
s
Th
ese
are
pro
ble
ms
that
all
PT
au
tho
riti
es h
ave
to a
dd
ress
an
d
solv
e. H
ow
ever
, th
is i
s o
ne
sid
e o
f
the
solu
tio
n.
Wh
en r
efo
rmin
g t
he
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt s
yst
em i
n o
rder
to m
ak
e it
mo
re r
elia
ble
, m
ore
effi
cien
t a
nd
mo
re s
ust
ain
ab
le,
thes
e a
ctio
ns
do
no
t n
eces
sar-
ily
ra
ise
aw
are
nes
s a
bo
ut
it,
no
r
wil
l th
ey g
ua
ran
tee
a m
od
al
shif
t
tow
ard
s p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
. A
rea
l
cha
ng
e w
ill
req
uir
e a
dd
itio
na
l
eff o
rt a
nd
a s
oli
d d
isse
min
atio
n
pla
n.
Th
e fi
rst
step
is
to a
pp
roa
ch
seve
ral
targ
et g
rou
ps
an
d i
ncr
ease
aw
are
nes
s o
f P
T s
olu
tio
ns.
In
dic
a-
tive
so
luti
on
s in
clu
de:
1.
Bra
nd
ing
:
Dev
elo
pin
g a
n e
asi
ly r
eco
gn
isa
ble
log
o t
hat
wil
l id
enti
fy a
ll p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
ser
vice
s a
nd
wil
l b
e
dis
pla
yed
in
all
pu
bli
c tr
an
sits
, a
s
wel
l a
s in
pri
nt,
ele
ctro
nic
, a
nd
bro
ad
cast
med
ia a
dve
rtis
ing
.
2.
Ad
ve
rtis
ing
• C
reat
ing
an
d p
ub
lici
sin
g a
d-
vert
isem
ents
• C
reat
ing
an
d d
irec
tly
ma
ilin
g
lea
fl et
s th
at i
nfo
rm r
esid
ents
ab
ou
t th
e b
enefi
ts
of
pu
bli
c
tra
nsp
ort
ser
vice
s av
ail
ab
le
• C
reat
ing
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt s
erv-
ices
ma
ps
an
d t
ran
sit
gu
ides
that
fa
mil
iari
se u
sers
wit
h t
he
tra
nsp
ort
sy
stem
3.
Me
dia
Re
latio
ns
• P
ub
lish
ing
hel
pfu
l h
ints
ab
ou
t
tra
nsi
t in
lo
cal
new
spa
per
s a
nd
ma
ga
zin
es
• P
ost
ing
ad
dit
ion
al
rea
l-ti
me
tra
nsi
t in
form
atio
n o
n t
he
inte
rnet
• S
po
nso
rin
g c
om
mu
nit
y e
ven
ts
4.
Pro
mo
tin
g P
ub
lic T
ra
nsp
ort
• E
sta
bli
shin
g r
ide
-fre
e d
ay
s at
key
tim
es d
uri
ng
th
e ye
ar
• In
tro
du
cin
g w
eek
ly/m
on
thly
tick
ets
for
com
mu
ters
• P
rice
of
pet
rol
• P
rice
of
PT
fa
res
• D
ura
tio
n o
f tr
ip w
ith
PT
/
PT
ro
ute
• A
vail
ab
ilit
y a
nd
co
st o
f ca
r
pa
rkin
g s
pa
ces
• C
on
dit
ion
s o
f tr
affi
c c
on
ges
-
tio
n/
cap
aci
ty o
f ro
ad
net
wo
rk
• Fr
equ
ency
of
PT
pro
visi
on
• P
erso
na
l se
curi
ty
• P
rox
imit
y o
f re
sid
ence
to
PT
sto
p
Th
e p
rin
cip
al
fact
ors
th
at i
nfl
uen
ce
the
effi
cien
cy o
f a
bu
s sy
stem
are
:
• In
teg
rate
d f
are
/ t
hro
ug
h t
ick
et-
ing
• Fa
re c
on
tro
l m
ech
an
ism
s
• E
nfo
rcin
g r
ule
s a
nd
reg
ula
tio
ns
• R
ou
te p
lan
nin
g
• In
terc
ha
ng
e fa
cili
ties
• O
per
atin
g s
tru
ctu
res
an
d c
om
-
pa
ny
siz
e
• V
ehic
le s
ize
an
d t
yp
e
• Fl
eet
size
• E
xce
ssiv
e o
per
atin
g c
ost
s
• O
per
atin
g p
ract
ices
• V
ehic
le m
ain
ten
an
ce
• B
us
uti
lisa
tio
n
• R
even
ue
inte
gri
ty
• C
om
pet
itio
n i
n t
he
ma
rket
• R
egu
lato
ry f
ram
ewo
rk
• C
om
pet
itio
n f
rom
th
e in
form
al
sect
or
PR
OB
LE
MS
OF P
UB
LIC
T
RA
NS
PO
RT
OP
ER
AT
OR
SIN
DIC
AT
IVE
SO
LU
TIO
NS
FO
R B
ET
TE
R
PU
BLIC
TR
AN
SP
OR
T S
YS
TE
MS
DE
TE
RM
INA
NT
S O
F P
UB
LIC
T
RA
NS
PO
RT
US
EB
US
SY
ST
EM
EFFIC
IEN
CY
D
RIV
ER
S
Exa
mp
le: A
cces
sib
le B
us S
top
C
hara
cter
istic
s
Bu
s l
an
es
Th
ink
ab
ou
t th
e a
dva
nta
ges
an
d
dis
ad
van
tag
es o
f d
edic
ated
bu
s
lan
es t
o i
mp
rove
Pu
bli
c T
ran
spo
rt
op
erat
ion
s.
Info
rm
atio
n a
nd
co
mm
un
ica
tio
n
Pla
n t
he
web
site
dev
elo
pm
ent
for
a
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt o
per
ato
r a
nd
th
ink
ab
ou
t th
e fo
llo
win
g q
ues
tio
ns:
• W
hic
h a
re t
he
diff
ere
nt
use
r
gro
up
s w
ho
wil
l vi
sit
the
web
site
?
• W
hat
in
form
atio
n i
s it
nec
essa
ry
to i
ncl
ud
e (t
imet
ab
les,
ro
ute
s,
ma
ps)
?
• W
hat
sea
rch
ma
chin
es/s
earc
h
op
tio
ns
wil
l yo
u i
ncl
ud
e (j
ou
rney
pla
nn
er)?
• W
hat
oth
er i
nfo
rmat
ion
wil
l it
be
use
ful
to p
rovi
de
(new
s, d
isru
p-
tio
n a
t li
nes
)
Pos
ition
of
stre
et fu
rnitu
re
Con
vini
ence
for
pas
seng
ers
Con
nect
ivity
w
ith fo
otw
ays
Ap
pro
ach
and
exi
t p
aths
fo
r b
uses
Tick
etM
achi
nes
Bus
pas
seng
ersh
elte
r and
sea
-tin
g-su
ffici
ent
wai
ting
area
Info
rmat
ion
(incl
. map
s/ro
utes
)
Bus
sto
p, fl
ag,
and
sur
face
mar
king
s
Sec
urity
(incl
. lig
htin
g)A
CC
ES
SIB
LEB
US
STO
P
© e
ltis.
org
© e
ltis.
org
© iS
tock
.com
/ser
afi c
us
2627
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 4
Nam
e:
Oct
avia
Ste
pan
O
rgan
isat
ion:
Th
e A
ssoc
iatio
n fo
r U
rban
Tra
nsiti
on (A
TU),
R
oman
iaC
onta
ct:
octa
via.
step
an@
atu.
org.
roQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
U
rban
pla
nner
and
des
igne
r sp
ecia
lised
in s
usta
inab
le m
obili
ty, B
ucha
rest
Uni
vers
ity
H o
w c
an
str
eet
des
ign
bet
ter
serv
e th
e cr
eati
on
of
safe
, co
mfo
rta
ble
an
d l
ivea
ble
str
eets
? W
hat
cha
ng
es s
ho
uld
be
ma
de
to t
rad
itio
na
l st
reet
des
ign
to
en
ha
nce
th
e u
se o
f n
on
-mo
tori
sed
tra
nsp
ort
mo
des
? Th
e
fi rs
t p
art
of
the
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
ex
pla
ins
ho
w t
he
emer
gen
ce o
f ca
rs h
as
cha
ng
ed d
ram
atic
all
y t
he
con
cep
tio
n a
nd
per
cep
tio
n o
f o
ur
stre
ets
an
d t
her
eby
ou
r
com
fort
, se
curi
ty a
nd
beh
avio
ur
in t
hem
. Th
e
seco
nd
pa
rt
focu
ses
on
wa
ys
to i
mp
rove
urb
an
pu
bli
c sp
ace
liv
eab
il-
ity
by
mea
ns
of
stre
et d
esig
n.
Th
e m
od
ule
co
vers
asp
ects
such
as
(1)
the
rem
od
elli
ng
of
stre
et c
on
fi g
ura
tio
n a
nd
of
its
com
po
nen
ts t
o b
ala
nce
str
eet
use
s a
nd
pro
vid
e a
mo
re
equ
ita
ble
dis
trib
uti
on
of
spa
ce b
etw
een
all
its
use
rs;
(2)
the
tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g c
on
cep
t a
nd
dev
ices
an
d (
3) t
he
sha
red
spa
ce c
on
cep
t ex
emp
lifi
ed b
y s
om
e re
leva
nt
typ
olo
gie
s
such
as
the
Du
tch
“W
oo
ner
f”,
wit
h i
ts B
riti
sh v
ersi
on
th
e
“ho
me
zon
e”,
the
Sw
iss “
Beg
egn
un
gsz
on
e” a
nd
th
e B
ern
er
mo
del
. Th
e
mo
du
le d
oes
no
t in
ten
d t
o g
ive
an
“a
pp
ly a
n-
yw
her
e a
nd
an
yh
ow
dim
ensi
on
s/ s
tan
da
rds
reci
pe”
bu
t
rath
er t
o g
ive
sso
me
ba
sic
con
cep
tua
l p
rin
cip
les
to f
oll
ow
wh
en d
esig
nin
g a
str
eet.
Tra
ine
r
Stre
et d
esig
n,
stre
etsca
pe
an
d
tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Tem
por
arily
con
vert
ing
road
spac
e in
to a
Pla
ce fo
r P
eop
le,
San
-Seb
astia
n, S
pai
n
Red
esig
n of
Dam
e G
ruev
Str
eet,
P
lovd
iv, B
ulga
ria
1.
To
un
der
sta
nd
str
eet
des
ign
thro
ug
h t
he
new
urb
an
mo
-
bil
ity
pa
rad
igm
, sh
ifti
ng
fro
m m
oto
rise
d t
o e
nv
iro
n-
men
tall
y f
rien
dly
tra
nsp
ort
mo
des
2.
To
lea
rn s
tree
t d
esig
n e
le-
men
ts a
nd
tec
hn
iqu
es t
o i
m-
pro
ve n
on
-mo
tori
sed
mo
des
of
acc
essi
bil
ity
an
d i
nte
gra
-
tio
n i
n a
n e
xis
tin
g s
tree
t p
at-
tern
3.
To
un
der
sta
nd
th
e tr
affi
c
calm
ing
co
nce
pt
an
d g
et f
a-
mil
iar
wit
h d
iff e
ren
t tr
affi
c
calm
ing
dev
ices
an
d t
ech
-
niq
ues
;
4.
To
get
fa
mil
iar
wit
h d
iff e
ren
t
typ
es o
f S
ha
red
Sp
ace
s a
nd
det
ect/
eva
lua
te t
hei
r p
ote
n-
tia
l fo
r in
teg
rati
on
acc
ord
ing
to t
he
cha
ract
eris
tics
of
the
urb
an
en
vir
on
men
t.
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 5
Low
ly,
un
pu
rpos
efu
l an
d r
and
om a
s th
ey m
ay
app
ear,
sid
ewal
k c
onta
cts
are
the
smal
l ch
ang
e fr
om
wh
ich
a c
ity
’s w
ealt
h o
f
pu
bli
c li
fe m
ay g
row
.
Jane
Jaco
bs
© Christian Fuerthner / PID
© eltis.org
28
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
29
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 5
Sp
ee
d h
um
ps
Sp
eed
hu
mp
s a
re e
ff ec
tive
tra
ffi c
calm
ing
dev
ices
. H
ow
ever
, d
epen
d-
ing
on
th
e u
rba
n a
rea
wh
ere
they
are
pla
ced
(re
sid
enti
al,
cen
tra
l,
etc.
) th
ey m
igh
t h
ave
som
e si
de
ef-
fect
s/ca
use
dis
com
fort
.
Wh
at a
re t
he
ma
in a
dva
nta
ges
an
d
dis
ad
van
tag
es o
f sp
eed
hu
mp
s? L
ist
an
d c
om
men
t o
n m
ain
dis
ad
van
-
tag
es a
nd
th
ink
ab
ou
t tr
affi
c c
alm
-
ing
dev
ices
wit
h s
imil
ar
eff e
cts
bu
t
wit
h a
red
uce
d n
egat
ive
imp
act
.
Tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g
Wh
at d
evic
es w
ou
ld y
ou
rec
om
-
men
d f
or
a t
raffi
c c
alm
ing
sch
eme
in a
res
iden
tia
l a
rea
? W
hat
ab
ou
t a
cen
tra
l a
rea
?
Wo
nn
erf
stre
ets
Refl
ect
up
on
th
e m
ain
th
reat
s th
at
mig
ht
ma
ke
the
Wo
nn
erf
stre
ets
lose
mo
men
tum
, es
pec
iall
y c
om
-
pa
red
wit
h 3
0-z
on
e st
reet
s. W
hat
are
th
e b
enefi
ts/
ad
van
tag
es o
f a
Wo
nn
erf
typ
e a
rea
co
mp
are
d w
ith
30-z
on
e o
ne?
ST
RE
ET
DE
SIG
N,
ST
RE
ET
SC
AP
E
AN
D T
RA
FFIC
CA
LM
ING
Tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g m
ak
es n
on
-
mo
tori
sed
use
rs’
jou
rney
s sa
fer
an
d m
ore
co
mfo
rta
ble
, w
hil
e en
-
ha
nci
ng
str
eet
attr
act
iven
ess
an
d
con
vivi
ali
ty.
Co
mm
on
ly t
raffi
c
calm
ing
ref
ers
to p
hy
sica
l m
eas-
ure
s a
nd
dev
ices
th
at a
lter
str
eet
con
fi g
ura
tio
n f
or
the
pu
rpo
se o
f
slo
win
g m
oto
rise
d t
raffi
c a
nd
favo
uri
ng
no
n-m
oto
rise
d m
od
es.
Ho
wev
er,
bes
ides
dev
ices
(su
ch a
s
hu
mp
s, c
ush
ion
s, d
iver
ters
, tr
af-
fi c
circ
les,
ch
ica
nes
, n
eck
do
wn
s
etc.
), a
ny
in
itia
tive
th
at s
low
s
tra
ffi c
an
d p
ush
es p
edes
tria
ns
an
d
cycl
ists
on
to t
he
roa
dw
ay
wh
ile
ma
kin
g t
he
dri
vers
mo
re a
wa
re o
f
thei
r p
rese
nce
sh
ou
ld b
e co
nsi
d-
ered
a t
raffi
c c
alm
ing
mea
sure
.
Ex
am
ple
s in
clu
de
inex
pen
sive
an
d
easy
-to
-im
ple
men
t m
easu
res
of
tem
po
rary
alt
erat
ion
s o
r ch
an
ges
such
as:
• P
ain
tin
g d
esig
ns
or
pat
tern
s o
n
the
stre
et (
tra
ffi c
cir
cles
, cr
oss
-
wa
lks,
etc
.)
• P
laci
ng
art
wo
rk,
furn
itu
re o
r
oth
er o
bje
cts
in t
he
mid
dle
of
the
roa
dw
ay
• C
ove
rin
g t
he
roa
dw
ay i
n a
rou
gh
su
rfa
ce
• C
ha
ng
ing
th
e co
lou
r o
r d
esig
n
of
bu
ild
ing
en
clo
sure
s a
nd
faça
des
, et
c.
• T
emp
ora
rily
ch
an
gin
g t
he
use
of
pa
rkin
g s
pa
ces
or
the
roa
d-
way
Th
e so
luti
on
s p
rop
ose
d t
o r
e-
du
ce t
raffi
c s
pee
d a
nd
fav
ou
r
the
no
n-m
oto
rise
d m
od
es r
efi n
e
wit
h t
ime.
Wh
erea
s ea
rly
tra
ffi c
calm
ing
mea
sure
s (u
sed
in
th
e
1980
s) f
ocu
sed
mo
re o
n t
he
law
s
of
ph
ysi
cs a
nd
ap
pli
ed t
o o
ne
or
few
str
eets
, th
e la
ter
rely
mo
re o
n
hu
ma
n p
sych
olo
gy
an
d h
ave
the
ten
den
cy t
o e
xte
nd
to
la
rge
are
as
or
to b
e a
pp
lied
diff
ere
ntl
y a
cco
rd-
ing
to
th
e ch
ara
cter
isti
cs o
f ea
ch
city
are
a.
Th
e la
ter
un
der
sta
nd
ing
of
tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g h
as
bee
n c
all
ed
sha
red
sp
ace
an
d o
per
ates
on
th
e
pri
nci
ple
th
at a
ll t
ran
spo
rt m
od
es
mu
st e
qu
ita
bly
sh
are
th
e g
iven
stre
et s
pa
ce.
Th
e S
ha
red
Sp
ace
des
ign
is
do
ne
by
rep
laci
ng
th
e st
an
da
rdis
ed-
pre
dic
tab
le e
nvi
ron
men
t w
ith
a
no
n-c
on
ven
tio
na
l d
esig
n c
on
cep
t:
tra
ffi c
sig
ns,
lig
hts
an
d o
ther
tra
f-
fi c
con
tro
l d
evic
es a
re r
epla
ced
by
a s
tree
tsca
pe
that
“sp
eak
s” t
o t
he
dri
ver
thro
ug
h s
urf
ace
mat
eria
ls,
bu
ild
ing
en
clo
sure
s, o
n-s
tree
t
pa
rkin
g,
tree
s a
nd
sh
rub
s, a
rt a
nd
dec
ora
tio
n.
Ex
am
ple
s o
f sh
are
d s
pa
ces
are
:
• th
e D
utc
h “
Wo
on
erf”
wit
h i
ts
Bri
tish
ver
sio
n t
he
“ho
me
zon
e”
• th
e S
wis
s “B
egeg
nu
ng
szo
ne”
(in
UK
kn
ow
n a
s “e
nco
un
ter
zon
e” a
nd
in
Fra
nce
as
“zo
ne
de
ren
con
tre”
)
• th
e B
ern
er M
od
el
Do
es t
he
use
of
car-
rela
ted
des
ign
sta
nd
ard
s se
rve
the
com
fort
an
d
safe
ty o
f p
edes
tria
ns
an
d c
ycl
ists
?
Or
do
es i
t h
ave
the
op
po
site
eff
ect,
gen
erat
ing
a r
ath
er u
nsa
fe s
tree
t
envi
ron
men
t th
at d
eter
s th
em
fro
m t
ak
ing
th
eir
jou
rney
s? W
hat
are
th
e d
esig
n t
ech
niq
ues
to
be
con
sid
ered
in
ord
er t
o m
ak
e st
reet
s
mo
re w
alk
ing
an
d c
ycl
ing
fri
end
-
ly?
Th
ou
gh
tre
ated
sep
ara
tely
in
ma
nu
als
, st
reet
co
mp
on
ents
su
ch
as
foo
tpat
hs,
ro
ad
wa
y, c
ycl
ing
lan
es e
tc.
fun
ctio
n t
og
eth
er i
n
act
ua
l p
lace
ma
kin
g a
nd
sh
ou
ld
be
corr
elat
ed i
n s
tree
t d
esig
n p
rac-
tice
. Th
is
wa
y a
n e
qu
ita
ble
dis
tri-
bu
tio
n o
f th
e st
reet
sp
ace
bet
wee
n
all
tra
vel
mo
des
is
ensu
red
an
d
thu
s, a
bet
ter
rep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g c
orr
ido
rs.
So
me
of
the
asp
ects
th
at a
re w
ort
h
tak
ing
in
to a
cco
un
t w
hen
eva
luat
-
ing
a s
tree
t’s
wa
lka
bil
ity
an
d b
ike
-
ab
ilit
y a
re:
• Th
e
foo
tpat
h w
idth
in
rel
atio
n
to p
edes
tria
n m
ove
men
t a
nd
tra
ffi c
• A
men
itie
s p
osi
tio
n i
n r
elat
ion
to p
edes
tria
ns
mo
vem
ent
an
d
tra
ffi c
• Th
e
tra
nsi
tio
n b
etw
een
th
e
foo
tpat
h a
nd
th
e ro
ad
wa
y
• Th
e
freq
uen
cy a
nd
des
ign
of
the
cro
ssw
alk
s
• Th
e
des
ign
of
cycl
ing
la
nes
/
pat
hs
at i
nte
rsec
tio
ns
an
d
rou
nd
ab
ou
ts
ST
RE
ET
DE
SIG
N E
LE
ME
NT
S
AN
D T
EC
HN
IQU
ES
TR
AFFIC
CA
LM
ING
C
ON
CE
PT
D
IFFE
RE
NT
TY
PE
S O
F
SH
AR
ED
SPA
CE
S
In r
elat
ion
to
cit
y d
evel
op
men
t
pla
nn
ing
an
d r
egu
lati
on
, st
reet
des
ign
is
the
fi n
al
ou
tpu
t o
f a
po
licy
-pla
nn
ing
-im
ple
men
tati
on
cha
in.
Th
ereb
y, t
he
stre
etsc
ap
e,
wh
ich
is,
at
its
turn
, th
e re
sult
of
the
stre
et d
esig
n,
refl
ects
th
e
mo
bil
ity
cu
ltu
re o
f a
co
mm
un
ity
:
the
life
sty
le o
f th
e p
eop
le l
ivin
g
in a
pla
ce,
thei
r w
ay
of
usi
ng
th
e
stre
et,
thei
r m
ob
ilit
y b
eha
vio
ur
an
d h
ab
its.
In r
elat
ion
to
th
e u
rba
n p
ub
lic
spa
ce a
nd
th
e m
ove
men
ts a
nd
act
ivit
ies
wh
ich
ta
ke
pla
ce i
n i
t,
stre
et d
esig
n s
ho
uld
be
un
der
-
sto
od
as
a p
roce
ss.
Th
is u
nd
er-
sta
nd
ing
rel
ies
on
th
e n
eces
sity
to
inte
gra
te m
ult
iple
in
tere
sts
an
d
con
stra
ints
in
to t
he
con
cep
tio
n o
f
the
stre
et s
pa
ce.
Fo
r a
lo
ng
tim
e
the
stre
et w
as
seen
as
a s
pa
ce c
on
-
nec
tin
g d
esti
nat
ion
s u
sed
on
ly b
y
mo
tori
sed
tra
ffi c
. Th
is
per
cep
tio
n
ha
s ch
an
ged
, h
ow
ever
, a
nd
th
e
stre
et i
s p
rese
ntl
y s
een
no
t m
erel
y
as
a t
raffi
c c
orr
ido
r b
ut
as
a p
lace
for
peo
ple
wh
ere
mu
ltip
le a
ctiv
i-
ties
ta
ke
pla
ce.
Th
ereb
y, f
or
the
ben
efi t
an
d s
ecu
rity
of
all
urb
an
pu
bli
c sp
ace
use
rs,
stre
et d
esig
n
sho
uld
ta
ke
into
acc
ou
nt
no
t o
nly
the
rati
on
al
no
rms
imp
ose
d b
y
mo
tori
sed
tra
ffi c
, b
ut
als
o f
un
c-
tio
na
l, s
afe
ty,
eco
no
mic
, so
cia
l
an
d a
esth
etic
cri
teri
a.
Th
e s
tre
et i
s a
pla
ce
fo
r p
eo
ple
wh
ere
m
ult
iple
activ
itie
s
ta
ke
pla
ce
NE
W U
RB
AN
MO
BIL
ITY
PA
RA
DIG
M
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
Exa
mp
le o
f the
Dut
ch “
Won
nerf
” st
reet
© eltis.org
© AAPS / Pilz
© AAPS / Pilz
30
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
31
1.
Un
der
sta
nd
th
e b
enefi
ts
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g (
env
i-
ron
men
tal,
so
cia
l, e
con
om
ic
an
d p
erso
na
l b
enefi
ts)
2.
Be
pre
pa
red
fo
r b
arr
iers
to
th
e
dev
elo
pm
ent
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cycl
ing
3.
Co
nv
inci
ng
dec
isio
n m
ak
ers
to p
rom
ote
cy
clin
g
4.
Lea
rn s
ucc
essf
ul
mea
sure
s,
too
ls a
nd
ap
pro
ach
es t
o b
e
ap
pli
ed b
y m
un
icip
ali
ties
Nam
e:
Ben
jam
in A
uer
Org
anis
atio
n:
Öko
inst
itut
Süd
tirol
/A
lto A
dig
e, It
aly
Con
tact
: au
er@
ecoi
stitu
to.it
Qua
lifi c
atio
n:
Geo
grap
her,
cycl
ing
exp
ert
and
env
iron-
men
tal c
onsu
ltant
, for
mer
lect
urer
at
Dub
lin U
nive
rsity
, tea
cher
of l
ocal
tr
aini
ng e
vent
s an
d w
orks
hop
s
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
A ct
ive
tra
nsp
ort
mo
des
, n
am
ely
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g,
ha
ve t
he
po
ten
tia
l to
mee
t tr
an
spo
rt a
nd
pu
bli
c h
ealt
h g
oa
ls,
such
as
cost
-effi
cie
nt
tra
nsp
ort
atio
n,
tra
ffi c
fl u
idit
y, i
mp
rove
d a
ir q
ua
l-
ity
as
wel
l a
s ci
tize
ns’
per
son
al
hea
lth
. Th
e
pro
mo
tio
n o
f w
alk
ing
an
d
cycl
ing
co
ntr
ibu
tes
to a
bet
ter
qu
ali
ty o
f li
fe,
bo
th in
cit
ies
an
d r
ura
l are
as.
Th
e tr
ain
ing
mo
du
le d
eals
wit
h i
nte
gra
ted
ap
pro
ach
es t
o i
ncr
ease
th
e
sha
re o
f w
alk
ing
an
d c
ycli
ng
. It
co
vers
so
me
theo
ry r
ega
rdin
g t
he
met
ho
d-
olo
gic
al a
pp
roa
ch t
o b
e a
do
pte
d b
y c
itie
s, b
ut
it m
ain
ly f
ocu
ses
on
sp
ecifi
c
mea
sure
s a
nd
act
ivit
ies
in t
he
fi el
ds
of
(1)
infr
ast
ruct
ure
(fo
r ci
rcu
lati
ng
an
d s
tati
on
ary
tra
ffi c
), (2
) po
licy
an
d o
rga
nis
atio
n a
nd
(3) c
om
mu
nic
atio
n
an
d c
am
pa
ign
s. E
ach
of
thes
e th
ree
top
ics
is i
llu
stra
ted
usi
ng
ex
am
ple
s
of
case
-stu
die
s, s
uch
as
Wa
lk t
o S
cho
ols
Ca
mp
aig
ns
or
the
Co
rpo
rate
Cy
-
clin
g P
oli
cy o
f B
olz
an
o (
Ita
ly).
Th
e m
od
ule
als
o li
nk
s to
hea
lth
asp
ects
an
d
hea
lth
po
lici
es.
Futu
re c
omp
etit
ion
bet
wee
n s
ocie
ties
wil
l be
for
qual
ity
of li
fe.
Tal
ente
d p
eop
le
wil
l go
to c
itie
s th
at a
re s
ocia
lly
incl
usi
ve,
ple
asan
t an
d m
ove.
Enr
ique
Peñ
alos
a,
form
er m
ayor
of B
ogot
à,
Col
umbi
a
Tra
ine
r
Wa
lkin
g
an
d
cy
cli
ng
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Sei
xal’s
Bay
Bic
ycle
Lan
e –
new
infr
astr
uctu
re fo
r cy
clis
ts,
Sei
xal,
Por
tuga
l
Wal
king
Aud
it in
Nap
les,
Ital
y
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 6
32
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
33
mon
ey s
pen
tp
er v
isit
2,0
car-
driv
ercy
clis
t
1,5
1,0
0,5 0
mon
ey s
pen
tp
er w
eek
visi
tsp
er w
eek
En
vir
on
me
nta
l b
en
efi
ts:
Cy
clin
g
an
d w
alk
ing
are
th
e m
ost
en
erg
y-
effi
cien
t, c
lea
n a
nd
sil
ent
mo
des
of
tra
nsp
ort
. Th
ey
do
no
t co
nsu
me
an
y f
oss
il f
uel
s o
r g
ener
ate
an
y
emis
sio
ns,
in
stea
d t
hey
co
ntr
ib-
ute
to
a c
lea
n a
nd
liv
ab
le u
rba
n
envi
ron
men
t.
So
cia
l b
en
efi
ts:
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
cycl
ing
are
acc
essi
ble
an
d a
ff o
rd-
ab
le f
or
ever
yon
e. Th
ey
are
“d
emo
-
crat
ic”
an
d d
o n
ot
favo
ur
cert
ain
seg
men
ts o
f th
e p
op
ula
tio
n.
Ac-
tive
tra
vel
can
gu
ara
nte
e p
erso
na
l
mo
bil
ity
fo
r a
ll!
Eco
no
mic
be
ne
fi ts:
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
cycl
ing
req
uir
e sh
ort
er d
ista
nce
s
an
d t
her
efo
re g
ive
an
ad
van
tag
e
to l
oca
l sh
op
s a
nd
bu
sin
esse
s.
Res
earc
h h
as
als
o s
ho
wn
th
at c
y-
clis
ts a
re g
ener
all
y b
ette
r cu
sto
m-
ers
bec
au
se t
hey
vis
it s
ho
ps
mo
re
freq
uen
tly.
Pe
rso
na
l b
en
efi
ts:
Up
to
5 k
m,
the
bik
e is
th
e fa
stes
t m
ean
s
of
tra
nsp
ort
! C
ycl
ists
ca
n m
ak
e
sho
rt-c
uts
or
on
-th
e-w
ay
-sto
ps,
wh
ile
con
ges
tio
n a
nd
pa
rkin
g r
e-
stri
ctio
ns
del
ay
ca
rs.
Act
ive
mo
des
mo
des
of
tran
spo
rt h
ave
seve
ral
ben
efi c
ial e
ffec
ts f
or
citie
s. T
hese
incl
ude
qua
lity
of
per
sona
l tra
vel,
ben
efi t
s fo
r th
e en
viro
nmen
t,
for
soci
ety
and
fo
r th
e ec
ono
my.
“C
ycli
ng
is a
slo
w m
od
e
of
tra
nsp
ort”
In f
act
, in
urb
an
are
as
the
bic
ycl
e
is t
he
fast
est
mo
de
of
tra
nsp
ort
fo
r
up
to
5 k
ilo
met
res,
in
th
e ca
se o
f
ped
elec
s ev
en f
or
up
to
15
kil
om
e-
tres
!,
“C
ycli
ng
is o
nly
fo
r t
he
yo
un
g”
In f
act
, cy
clin
g i
s su
ita
ble
fo
r a
ll
ag
e g
rou
ps.
Th
e el
der
ly c
an
ben
efi t
fro
m m
uch
bet
ter
mo
bil
ity,
wh
ich
in t
urn
in
crea
ses
thei
r d
egre
e o
f so
-
cia
l in
tera
ctio
n.
“C
ycli
ng
is n
ot f
or t
ra
nsp
ortin
g”
In f
act
, ca
rgo
bik
es a
nd
tra
iler
s a
l-
low
th
e tr
an
spo
rtat
ion
of
carg
o a
nd
go
od
s o
f u
p t
o 2
00
kg
. O
n a
vera
ge,
peo
ple
do
no
t n
eed
to
tra
nsp
ort
am
ou
nts
wh
ich
are
un
suit
ab
le f
or
bik
e tr
an
spo
rt.
“C
ycli
ng
is n
ot s
afe
”
In f
act
, cy
clin
g i
s n
ot
mo
re d
an
ger
-
ou
s th
an
dri
vin
g a
ca
r. Q
uit
e o
n t
he
con
tra
ry,
wh
erev
er t
her
e a
re m
an
y
cycl
ists
, th
e n
um
ber
s o
f ro
ad
tra
f-
fi c
acc
iden
ts d
ecre
ase
, a
s ex
am
ple
s
fro
m t
he
Net
her
lan
ds
an
d D
en-
ma
rk s
ho
w.
The
fo
llow
ing
list
p
rovi
des
an
ove
rvie
w o
f p
rove
n an
d s
ucce
ssfu
l m
easu
res
to p
rom
ote
w
alki
ng a
nd c
yclin
g.
Ho
wev
er, b
ear
in m
ind
th
at o
nly
the
com
bin
atio
n o
f d
iffer
ent
mea
sure
s le
ads
to s
ucce
ss!
Infr
astru
ctu
re
• E
xte
nd
th
e b
icy
cle
an
d p
edes
-
tria
n n
etw
ork
(cy
clin
g l
an
es,
bu
s la
nes
an
d o
ne
-wa
y s
tree
ts
op
ened
fo
r cy
clis
ts,
ped
estr
ian
bri
dg
es,
ped
estr
ian
zo
nes
etc
.)
• E
nh
an
ce t
raffi
c c
alm
ing
an
d
spee
d l
imit
s (3
0 k
m/h
zo
nes
,
ho
me
zon
es)
• In
sta
ll h
igh
qu
ali
ty b
icy
cle
pa
rkin
g f
aci
liti
es,
tail
ore
d t
o
the
pu
rpo
se o
f th
e tr
ip
• In
sta
ll n
ice
stre
et f
urn
itu
re
an
d c
reat
e at
tra
ctiv
e p
ub
lic
pla
ces
• B
ench
es f
or
ped
estr
ian
s
Po
licy
an
d o
rg
an
sa
tio
n
• In
itia
te f
un
din
g-p
rog
ram
mes
for
act
ive
tra
nsp
ort
mo
des
• M
on
ito
r a
nd
eva
luat
e th
e u
n-
der
tak
en m
easu
res,
e.g
. b
y u
s-
ing
wa
lkin
g a
ud
its
• M
ak
e su
re t
he
leg
al
fra
mew
ork
all
ow
s lo
ng
-ter
m p
lan
nin
g
• Im
ple
men
t co
mp
lem
enta
ry
mea
sure
s li
ke
pa
rkin
g s
pa
ce
ma
na
gem
ent
(see
mo
du
le 1
)
Co
mm
un
ica
tio
n a
nd
ca
mp
aig
ns
• D
isse
min
ate
ad
vert
isem
ent
an
d p
rom
oti
on
mat
eria
ls
• In
tro
du
ce c
am
pa
ign
s (i
ma
ge
cam
pa
ign
s, W
alk
to
Sch
oo
l
cam
pa
ign
s et
c.)
• O
rga
nis
e tr
ain
ing
eve
nts
(e.
g.
cycl
e tr
ain
ing
fo
r ch
ild
ren
in
rea
l tr
affi
ce
envi
ron
men
ts
• R
ais
e a
wa
ren
ess
for
act
ive
tra
nsp
ort
am
on
g d
ecis
ion
ma
ker
s a
nd
pla
nn
ers
Dis
cu
ssio
n q
ue
stio
ns
Hav
e a
lo
ok
at
the
qu
esti
on
s a
nd
dis
cuss
th
em w
ith
a f
rien
d o
r co
l-
lea
gu
e in
yo
ur
com
pa
ny.
• D
oes
tra
ffi c
ca
lmin
g h
elp
cycl
ists
an
d p
edes
tria
ns?
• H
ow
to
get
fro
m a
ca
r cu
ltu
re
to a
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
bil
ity
cult
ure
?
• W
alk
ing
oft
en i
s “t
he
forg
ot-
ten
tra
nsp
ort
mo
de”
. W
hic
h
act
ivit
ies
do
yo
u r
eco
mm
end
to c
itie
s?
Re
fl e
ctio
n u
po
n b
arrie
rs o
f
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
cli
ng
Refl
ect
on
an
d w
rite
do
wn
all
ba
rrie
rs t
o c
ycl
ing
or
wa
lkin
g y
ou
can
th
ink
of
in y
ou
r ci
ty/r
egio
n.
Th
en g
rou
p a
ll y
ou
r re
sult
s in
to
cate
go
ries
an
d t
hin
k a
bo
ut
ho
w
to a
dd
ress
th
em b
est
/ h
ow
to
fi n
d
solu
tio
ns.
Th
ink
of
ba
rrie
rs
rela
ted
to
...
• P
hy
sica
l fr
am
ewo
rk c
on
dit
ion
s
• C
ycl
ing
or
wa
lkin
g i
nfr
ast
ruc-
ture
• B
icy
cle
pa
rkin
g
• L
ack
of
serv
ices
fo
r cy
clis
ts a
nd
ped
estr
ian
s
• C
om
mu
nic
atio
n a
nd
in
form
a-
tio
n
• O
rga
nis
atio
n a
nd
po
lici
es
• R
egu
lati
on
s a
nd
la
ws
Th
e m
ost e
ne
rg
y-
effi
cie
nt,
cle
an
an
d
sil
en
t m
od
es o
f tra
nsp
ort
WA
LK
ING
AN
D C
YC
LIN
GA
RG
UM
EN
TS
FO
R C
ON
VIN
C-
ING
DE
CIS
ION
MA
KE
RS
TO
OLS
AN
D A
PP
RO
AC
HE
S F
OR
MU
NIC
IPA
LIT
IES
• In
ad
equ
ate
ro
ad
an
d p
ark
ing
infr
ast
ruct
ure
• S
pee
d d
iff e
ren
ces
bet
wee
n c
ars
an
d p
edes
tria
ns
• P
oo
r a
cces
sib
ilit
y b
eca
use
of
lon
g d
ista
nce
s
• W
eath
er c
on
dit
ion
s
• P
oo
r in
term
od
ali
ty
IMP
OR
TAN
T B
AR
RR
IER
S T
O
WA
LK
ING
AN
D C
YC
LIN
G
Eco
nom
ic b
enefi
ts o
f cyc
ling:
C
yclis
ts a
re b
ette
r cu
stom
ers
Sou
rce:
ww
w.p
rest
o-cy
clin
g.eu
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 6
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
Infr
astr
uctu
re(n
etw
ork
&p
arki
ng)
Info
rmat
ion
&C
omm
unic
atio
nP
olic
y &
orga
nisa
tion
34
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
35
Nam
e:
Rob
ert
Pre
ssl
Org
anis
atio
n:
Aus
tria
n M
obili
ty R
esea
rch
– FG
M-A
MO
R,
A
utria
Con
tact
: p
ress
l@fg
m.a
tQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
G
eogr
aphe
r, w
orki
ng o
n m
obili
ty m
anag
e-m
ent
and
kno
w-h
ow t
rans
fer.
Co-
ord
inat
or
of s
ever
al E
U-p
roje
cts
sinc
e 19
93.
S u
sta
ina
ble
mo
bil
ity
ca
mp
aig
ns
off
er t
he
op
po
rtu
-
nit
y t
o i
ncr
ease
th
e sh
are
of
cycl
ists
, p
edes
tria
ns
an
d p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
use
rs w
ith
ou
t a
ny
in
fra
-
stru
ctu
ral
inve
stm
ents
. Th
ey
are
als
o a
key
ele
men
t to
the
succ
ess
of
an
y n
ew i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure
, si
nce
th
e p
rovi
sio
n
of
infr
ast
ruct
ure
alo
ne
wil
l n
ot
nec
essa
rily
ma
ke
peo
ple
cha
ng
e th
eir
tra
vel
beh
avi
ou
r. Th
is
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
in
-
tro
du
ces
the
pri
nci
ple
s o
f cr
eati
ng
beh
avio
ur
cha
ng
e b
y
cam
pa
ign
ing
. It
is
ba
sed
on
res
earc
h r
esu
lts
of
succ
essf
ul
cam
pa
ign
s p
rom
oti
ng
wel
l-k
no
wn
bra
nd
s. Th
e
core
of
the
tra
inin
g i
s o
n p
rese
nti
ng
th
e k
ey e
lem
ents
fo
r p
lan
nin
g
an
d im
ple
men
tin
g s
ust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y c
am
pa
ign
s. E
ach
pa
rt is
ba
sed
on
bes
t p
ract
ise
exp
erie
nce
fro
m v
ari
ou
s ca
m-
pa
ign
s fr
om
th
e E
uro
pea
n c
on
tex
t. P
len
ty o
f ex
am
ple
s o
f
rece
nt
succ
essf
ul s
ust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y c
am
pa
ign
s th
at c
an
dir
ectl
y b
e a
da
pte
d f
or
ow
n u
se a
re p
rovi
ded
. S
ince
ca
m-
pa
ign
ing
is
a h
ori
zon
tal
top
ic a
rea
, th
ere
are
sev
era
l co
n-
nec
tio
ns
an
d c
ross
-ref
eren
ces
to o
ther
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
s,
such
as
“w
alk
ing
or
cycl
ing
”, “
mo
bil
ity
ma
na
gem
ent
for
fam
ilie
s, k
ind
erg
art
ens
an
d s
cho
ols
” o
r “c
om
mu
nic
atio
n
tra
inin
g”.
Tra
ine
r
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
CIR
CU
S@
UN
I – C
reat
ive
Inte
llige
nt
Ref
orm
ing
Cam
pai
gn fo
r U
rban
S
usta
inab
ility
, Gre
ece
Car
fast
ing
in B
udap
est,
Hun
gary
1.
Lea
rn h
ow
beh
av
iou
r
cha
ng
e co
uld
wo
rk
2.
Lea
rn t
he
key
ele
men
ts o
f
sust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y c
am
-
pa
ign
s
3.
Get
an
ove
rvie
w o
n b
ig a
nd
sma
ll s
ucc
essf
ul
Eu
rop
ean
mo
bil
ity
ca
mp
aig
ns
4.
Lea
rn h
ow
to
des
ign
yo
ur
ow
n s
ma
ll c
am
pa
ign
s
5.
Act
as
con
tra
ctin
g e
nti
ty
(e.g
. a
s ci
ty d
epa
rtm
ent)
fo
r
com
mu
nic
ati
on
ag
enci
es
wh
o s
ho
uld
des
ign
big
ger
cam
pa
ign
s
No
pro
ble
m c
an b
e so
lved
fro
m t
he
sam
e le
vel o
f co
nsc
iou
snes
s th
at c
reat
ed i
t.
Alb
ert E
inst
ein
De
sig
n a
nd
im
ple
me
nta
tio
n o
f
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
ca
mp
aig
ns
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 7
bil
ity
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
© Cork City Council & Cork Environmental Forum © eltis.org
© eltis.org
36
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
37
Exa
mp
le: K
opf a
n, M
otor
aus
“It’s
gre
at t
o fi n
d a
par
king
sp
ace.
N
ot h
avin
g to
sea
rch
for
one
is e
ven
bet
ter.”
Sou
rce:
ww
w.k
opf-
an.d
e
Act
ual b
ehav
iour
and
d
esire
d b
ehav
iour
ver
y o
ften
diff
er a
lot.
To
ch
ang
e ha
bits
is o
ne
of
the
key
activ
ities
w
hen
the
aim
is a
n en
erg
y ef
fi cie
nt, s
afe,
en
viro
nmen
tal f
rien
dly
an
d s
oci
al a
ccep
tab
le
mo
bili
ty b
ehav
iour
.
Th
e st
eps
to i
nfl
uen
ce b
ehav
iou
r
diff
er
dep
end
ing
on
th
e le
vel
of
aw
are
nes
s o
f th
e ta
rget
gro
up
.
Th
ey c
an
ra
ng
e fr
om
pu
re a
wa
re-
nes
s ra
isin
g o
ver
init
iati
ng
new
per
cep
tio
ns
an
d m
ak
ing
ch
oic
es
to t
esti
ng
new
beh
avio
ur
an
d
fi n
all
y t
o e
sta
bli
shin
g a
new
pat
-
tern
fo
r a
lo
ng
la
stin
g c
ha
ng
e. F
or
each
ste
p d
iff e
ren
t a
pp
roa
ches
are
nec
essa
ry t
o i
nfl
uen
ce b
e-
hav
iou
r. Th
e
mo
du
le p
rovi
des
a
bro
ad
ove
rvie
w o
n t
he
top
ic a
rea
of
cam
pa
ign
ing
in
th
eory
an
d a
lso
pro
vid
es a
n o
verv
iew
of
diff
ere
nt
even
ts a
nd
ca
mp
aig
ns
that
co
uld
be
org
an
ised
on
th
e to
pic
of
urb
an
mo
bil
ity.
La
rge
even
ts l
ike
car
free
da
ys,
mo
bil
ity
wee
ks
or
pa
rkin
g
da
ys
are
co
vere
d a
s w
ell
as
sma
ller
sep
ara
te e
ven
ts t
hat
ea
ch m
un
ici-
pa
lity
or
even
bo
rou
gh
s co
uld
ea
s-
ily
im
ple
men
t li
ke
seco
nd
-ha
nd
bik
e ex
cha
ng
e, p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
test
mo
nth
s, b
ike
to w
ork
or
com
-
pet
itio
ns
bet
wee
n d
iff e
ren
t m
od
es
of
tra
nsp
ort
on
“w
ho
is
the
fast
est
in t
he
city
”?
So
me
cam
pa
ign
s d
o n
ot
rese
mb
le
a “
tra
dit
ion
al”
ca
mp
aig
n (
on
e-
wa
y-c
om
mu
nic
atio
n),
wh
ich
use
s
mat
eria
ls l
ike
po
ster
s, l
eafl
ets,
rad
io o
r T
V a
dve
rts.
New
fo
rms
of
com
mu
nic
atio
ns
ma
na
gem
ent
that
co
mb
ine
elem
ents
are
mo
re
an
d m
ore
po
pu
lar.
An
ex
am
ple
is t
he
Dia
log
ue
ma
rket
ing
tec
h-
niq
ue.
Fu
rth
er k
ind
s o
f ca
m-
pa
ign
s a
re i
ma
ge
or
bra
nd
bu
ild
-
ing
, so
cia
l a
nd
cu
ltu
ral
even
ts o
r
edu
cati
on
sec
tor
pro
gra
ms
to r
ais
e
aw
are
nes
s a
nd
/ o
r to
in
form
peo
-
ple
ab
ou
t p
op
ula
r a
pp
roa
ches
fo
r
cam
pa
ign
s w
ith
in t
he
tra
nsp
ort
fi el
d.
De
ve
lop
a c
usto
me
r l
oy
alt
y
pro
gra
mm
Cu
sto
mer
lo
ya
lty
act
ivit
ies
are
wel
l k
no
wn
fo
r d
iff e
ren
t p
rod
uct
s
an
d s
erv
ices
su
ch a
s b
oo
k c
lub
s o
r
new
spa
per
s. T
ou
rist
pla
ces
an
d
mu
nic
ipa
liti
es o
ften
aw
ard
th
eir
gu
ests
if
they
co
me
seve
ral
tim
es
for
ho
lid
ay.
Th
ese
gu
ests
rec
eive
a
wel
com
e g
ift
ba
sket
wit
h r
egio
n-
al
spec
iali
ties
, a
ma
yo
rs’
vis
it
or
are
in
terv
iew
ed f
or
the
loca
l
new
spa
per
.
Th
ink
ab
ou
t p
ossib
ilit
ies
of
ho
w t
o t
ran
sfer
th
is i
dea
to
aw
ard
peo
ple
wh
o t
ran
sfer
ph
ysi
-
cal
act
ivit
ies
into
th
eir
da
ily
ro
u-
tin
e b
y w
alk
ing
or
cycl
ing
sh
ort
trip
s (i
n t
he
bes
t ca
se i
nst
ead
us-
ing
th
eir
car)
.
Dis
cu
ss t
he
fo
llo
win
g q
ue
stio
ns
• W
hic
h a
re t
he
elem
ents
of
a
cust
om
er l
oy
alt
y p
rog
ram
me?
• H
ow
co
uld
th
ese
elem
ents
be
com
bin
ed w
ith
en
cou
rag
ing
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g?
• W
hat
co
uld
th
e ca
mp
aig
n l
oo
k
lik
e th
at
it i
ntr
od
uce
s su
ch a
cust
om
er l
oy
alt
y p
rog
ram
me?
• W
ho
co
uld
be
sup
po
rter
s /
po
-
ten
tia
l co
-op
erat
ion
pa
rtn
ers?
Ca
mp
aig
ns a
re
e
sse
ntia
l to
ch
an
ge
tra
nsp
ort b
eh
av
iou
r
DE
SIG
N A
ND
IM
PLE
ME
NTA
TIO
N O
F
SU
STA
INA
BLE
MO
BIL
ITY
CA
MPA
IGN
S
DIS
TIN
GU
ISH
ING
DIF
FE
RE
NT
K
IND
S O
F C
AM
PA
IGN
S
EX
AM
PLE
S O
F S
UC
CE
SS
FU
L
EU
RO
PE
AN
TR
AN
SP
OR
T C
AM
PA
IGN
S
1.
Assu
re
po
litic
al
su
pp
ort
Wh
en i
ntr
od
uci
ng
a s
ust
ain
ab
le
mo
bil
ity
ca
mp
aig
n,
on
e cr
uci
al
pre
-req
uis
ite
even
bef
ore
pla
n-
nin
g a
nd
set
tin
g-u
p t
he
cam
pa
ign
is t
o s
ecu
re b
ack
ing
fro
m p
oli
ti-
cia
ns
an
d t
hu
s to
see
k s
uffi
cie
nt
fun
din
g.
Th
e q
ues
tio
n i
s h
ow
to
con
vin
ce l
oca
l p
oli
tici
an
s to
fu
nd
you
r ca
mp
aig
n?
Tip
: Th
e
tra
inin
g m
ater
ial
giv
es a
com
pre
hen
sive
ove
rvie
w o
f h
ow
to w
ork
wit
h s
tak
eho
lder
s a
nd
sup
po
rtin
g g
rou
ps!
2.
De
fi n
ing
an
d u
nd
ersta
nd
ing
ta
rg
et g
ro
up
s
A o
ne
-fi t
s-a
ll c
am
pa
ign
do
esn
’t
wo
rk!
It i
s g
ener
al
an
d o
ften
rep
eats
th
e m
ista
ke
of
citi
es o
r
inst
itu
tio
ns
try
ing
to
mee
t th
e
dem
an
ds
an
d i
nte
rest
s o
f a
ll c
iti-
zen
s w
hen
des
ign
ing
a c
am
pa
ign
in t
he
fi el
d o
f u
rba
n t
ran
spo
rt.
It i
s es
sen
tia
l to
an
aly
se t
he
targ
et g
rou
p t
hat
th
e ca
mp
aig
n
is p
lan
ned
fo
r. W
hat
is
thei
r
pro
ble
m?
Ho
w c
ou
ld t
hey
be
ap
-
pro
ach
ed?
3.
Me
ssa
ge
an
d m
essa
ge
giv
ers
Th
e m
ost
im
po
rta
nt
asp
ect
of
the
mes
sag
e is
th
at i
t m
ust
co
ntr
ibu
te
to a
nd
cre
ate
valu
e fo
r th
e cu
s-
tom
er’s
res
pec
tive
ta
rget
gro
up
. It
ha
s to
mo
tiva
te t
he
targ
et g
rou
p
to t
ry a
new
ser
vice
or
try
ou
t n
ew
beh
avio
ur
or
even
bu
y y
ou
r p
rod
-
uct
/ser
vice
s. Th
in
k a
bo
ut
ho
w t
he
mes
sag
e sh
ou
ld b
e fo
rmu
late
d,
esp
ecia
lly
reg
ard
ing
ty
pe,
to
ne
an
d c
reat
ive
des
ign
.
SU
CC
ES
S F
AC
TO
RS
FO
R
FR
UIT
FU
L C
AM
PA
IGN
S
The
tra
inin
g m
ater
ial (
hand
bo
ok
and
pre
sent
atio
n sl
ides
) pre
sent
s se
vera
l ver
y su
cces
sful
and
wel
l d
ocu
men
ted
cam
pai
gns
in d
etai
l. T
hese
are
so
me
exam
ple
s o
f w
ell-
kno
wn
mo
bili
ty c
amp
aig
ns:
Exa
mp
le: T
he B
olza
no C
orp
orat
e C
yclin
g“T
ake
it ou
t d
aily
”
Bik
e to
Wor
k ca
mp
aign
(im
ple
men
ted
in s
ever
al E
urop
ean
coun
trie
s) 1
“Kop
f an,
Mot
or a
us”
(eng
l: Th
ink
bef
ore
you
driv
e):
Cut
ting
CO
2 b
y cu
ttin
g sh
ort
trip
s, G
erm
any
The
Bol
zano
Cor
por
ate
Cyc
ling,
Ital
y
The
area
-wid
e sp
eed
lim
it 30
km
/h in
the
city
of G
raz,
Aus
tria
“Rad
lhau
pts
tad
t M
ünch
en”
(eng
l. M
unic
h C
apita
l of C
yclin
g), G
erm
any
“My
Sho
rt T
rips”
cam
pai
gn, B
elgi
um
“Trip
s fo
r tr
ash”
– p
ublic
tra
nsp
ort
ticke
ts in
exc
hang
e fo
r re
cycl
able
mat
eria
l, P
ortu
gal
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 7
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
1 ht
tp:/
/ww
w.v
cta.
dk/
fors
ide.
asp
xht
tp:/
/ker
ekp
aros
klub
.hu/
bam
http
://w
ww
.rad
eltz
urar
bei
t.at
http
://w
ww
.mit-
dem
-rad
-zur
-arb
eit.
de/
info
serv
ice/
ind
ex.p
hp
© h
elio
s.b
z
38
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
39
1.
Un
der
sta
nd
ho
w c
om
mu
nic
a-
tio
n w
ork
s
2.
Ex
pa
nd
per
son
al
an
d p
rofe
s-
sio
na
l co
mm
un
ica
tio
n s
kil
ls
3.
Bec
om
e a
cqu
ain
ted
wit
h t
he
pri
nci
ple
s a
nd
co
nce
pts
of
sta
keh
old
er p
art
icip
ati
on
4.
Co
mp
reh
end
th
e ro
le o
f d
if-
fere
nt
kn
ow
led
ge(
s),
as
wel
l
as
the
dri
vers
fo
r p
art
icip
a-
tio
n
5.
Ga
in c
om
pet
ence
s in
des
ign
-
ing
an
d e
xec
uti
ng
co
lla
bo
ra-
tive
pro
cess
es
Nam
e:
Urs
ula
Cas
erO
rgan
isat
ion:
M
ED
IATE
DO
MA
IN, L
td.,
Por
tuga
lC
onta
ct:
ursi
case
r@gm
ail.c
om /
ww
w.u
c-m
edia
tion.
euQ
ualifi
cat
ion:
G
eogr
aphe
r an
d e
xper
t fo
r co
mm
unic
atio
n d
ynam
ics,
par
ticip
ativ
e p
roce
sses
and
con
-fl i
ct m
anag
emen
t, fa
cilit
atio
n an
d m
edia
tion
trai
ner.
Le
arn
ing
o
bje
ctiv
es
G o
od
co
mm
un
icat
ion
is
esse
nti
al
for
the
succ
ess
of
pla
nn
ing
dec
isio
ns,
an
d i
ssu
es r
elat
ed t
o t
he
tra
nsp
ort
sec
tor
are
no
ex
cep
tio
n.
Tra
nsp
ort
ex-
per
ts n
eed
to
fi n
d n
ew a
pp
roa
ches
th
at c
an
bet
ter
inte
-
gra
te n
ew f
orm
s o
f o
per
atio
n,
wh
ile
seek
ing
so
luti
on
s fo
r
com
ple
x p
rob
lem
s. T
ran
spo
rt p
lan
nin
g c
an
no
t b
e ca
rrie
d
ou
t a
ny
mo
re b
y a
ny
pla
yer,
at
an
y o
rga
nis
atio
na
l le
vel,
usi
ng
an
iso
late
d a
pp
roa
ch;
it i
s n
eces
sary
to
co
mp
rom
ise
thro
ug
h f
aci
lita
tio
n a
nd
med
iati
on
usi
ng
th
e ex
per
tise
of
all
th
e p
laye
rs i
nvo
lved
. If
an
ad
min
istr
atio
n,
e.g
. a
mu
-
nic
ipa
lity
, tr
ies
to a
dd
ress
th
is p
rob
lem
by
co
op
erat
ive
de
-
cisi
on
ma
kin
g,
focu
sin
g o
n t
he
incl
usi
on
of
the
inte
rest
s
an
d n
eed
s o
f a
ll s
tak
eho
lder
s, g
rou
p d
ecis
ion
ma
kin
g p
roc-
esse
s a
re i
mp
lem
ente
d i
n o
rder
to
see
k c
on
sen
t. C
itiz
ens
an
d o
rga
nis
atio
ns
wil
l th
us
pa
rtic
ipat
e in
po
licy
fo
rmu
la-
tio
n,
an
d i
n p
oli
cy i
mp
lem
enta
tio
n,
at a
lo
cal
leve
l. H
ow
to d
esig
n a
nd
im
ple
men
t su
cces
sfu
l a
nd
tru
ly p
art
icip
a-
tive
co
mm
un
icat
ion
is
the
top
ic o
f th
is t
rain
ing
mo
du
le.
Com
mu
nic
atio
n
and
Par
tici
pat
ion
– t
hat
’s
wh
at’s
gon
na
save
th
e
hu
man
rac
e!
Pete
See
ger,
Tra
ine
r
atio
na
tio
nC
om
mu
nic
tra
inin
g
RE
LA
TE
D T
RA
ININ
G-P
RO
JE
CT
S
Cul
ture
in B
ike,
Ital
y
Wal
k &
Lun
ch, P
ortu
gal
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 8
40
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
41
An
y s
ucc
essf
ul
faci
lita
tio
n,
med
iati
on
or
pa
rtic
ipat
ion
pro
cess
dep
end
s la
rgel
y o
n e
ff ec
tive
co
mm
un
icat
ion
.
Ho
wev
er t
he
role
of
com
mu
nic
atio
n i
n r
elat
ion
ship
s is
oft
en t
ak
en f
or
gra
nte
d,
no
t p
lan
ned
an
d a
s a
res
ult
…
neg
lect
ed.
Th
ose
wh
o w
ork
at
the
inte
rfa
ce b
etw
een
nat
ion
al,
reg
ion
al
an
d l
oca
l g
ove
rnm
ents
, p
ub
lic
serv
-
ices
, o
rga
nis
atio
ns,
en
terp
rise
s, a
nd
civ
il s
oci
ety
nee
d
to a
pp
roa
ch c
om
mu
nic
atio
n a
s a
n a
rea
wo
rth
y o
f th
or-
ou
gh
an
aly
sis
an
d p
ract
ice.
It
is c
ruci
al
to u
nd
erst
an
d
the
dy
na
mic
s o
f co
mm
un
icat
ion
in
ord
er t
o d
esig
n a
nd
imp
lem
ent
new
pro
ject
s, c
ha
ng
e p
ara
dig
ms
an
d c
on
-
du
ct s
ucc
essf
ul
sta
keh
old
er d
ialo
gu
e. C
om
mu
nic
atio
n i
s
com
ple
x a
nd
alw
ay
s d
epen
ds
on
mes
sag
e tr
an
smis
sio
n
bet
wee
n a
sen
der
an
d a
rec
eive
r. T
ran
smit
tin
g a
mes
-
sag
e im
pli
es t
hat
co
nte
nt
an
d c
on
tex
t a
re s
ent
(an
d w
ill
be
rece
ived
). E
ff ec
tive
Co
mm
un
icat
ion
ha
pp
ens
if t
he
rece
iver
un
der
sta
nd
s th
e ex
act
in
form
atio
n o
r id
ea t
hat
the
sen
der
in
ten
ded
to
tra
nsm
it.
In a
ch
an
gin
g e
nv
iro
nm
ent,
wit
h i
ncr
easi
ng
pre
ssu
re
on
mo
bil
ity
an
d t
ran
spo
rt s
yst
ems,
pu
bli
c p
art
icip
ati
on
an
d c
on
fl ic
t m
an
ag
emen
t a
re b
eco
min
g i
ncr
easi
ng
ly
ap
pea
lin
g c
on
cep
ts.
Co
mm
un
ica
tin
g p
lan
s a
nd
pro
ject
s
eff e
ctiv
ely
to
sta
keh
old
ers
is a
ch
all
eng
e. Th
er
e m
igh
t
be
dir
ect
com
mu
nic
ati
on
fro
m p
lan
ner
s, p
roje
ct d
evel
-
op
ers
or
po
liti
cia
ns
to c
itiz
ens
or
ass
iste
d c
om
mu
nic
a-
tio
n b
etw
een
all
pa
rts
in f
aci
lita
tive
(n
on
co
nfl
icti
ve)
or
med
iati
ve (
con
fl ic
t m
an
ag
emen
t d
rive
n)
env
iro
nm
ents
.
Ho
wev
er,
cru
cia
l to
all
fa
cili
tati
ve/m
edia
tive
in
terv
en-
tio
ns
is a
pre
vio
us
con
fl ic
t a
na
lysi
s a
nd
kn
ow
led
ge
ab
ou
t d
isp
ute
res
olu
tio
n s
tra
teg
ies,
as
wel
l a
s in
sig
ht
into
th
e st
eps
an
d p
ha
ses
of
a c
on
sen
sus
bu
ild
ing
pro
c-
ess
to p
rom
ote
a c
ha
ng
e o
f co
nfl
icti
ve d
yn
am
ics.
Thi
s tr
aini
ng m
od
ule
cove
rs m
ainl
y th
ree
imp
ort
ant
issu
es: C
om
mun
icat
ion
Dyn
amic
s, N
ego
tiatio
n D
ialo
gue
and
C
ons
ensu
s B
uild
ing
, and
Des
ign
and
Im
ple
men
tatio
n o
f a
Sta
keho
lder
P
luri
log
ue
Co
mm
un
ica
tio
n
is e
sse
ntia
l fo
r t
he
su
cce
ss o
f m
ob
ilit
y
pla
nn
ing
CO
MM
UN
ICAT
ION
TR
AIN
ING
As c
om
mu
nic
atio
n a
nd
pa
r-
tic
ipa
tio
n i
s a
n a
ctiv
e a
nd
liv
ely
inte
rv
en
tio
n,
lack
of
sk
ills
or
“te
ch
nic
al”
diffi
cu
ltie
s h
av
e t
o
be
ex
pe
rie
nce
d t
o i
mp
ro
ve
. Th
e
tra
inin
g o
ff e
rs t
he
re
fore
an
im
-
pre
ssiv
e v
arie
ty
of
ex
ercis
es a
nd
ro
le-p
lay
s.
Be
low
yo
u c
an
fi n
d o
ne
ex
am
ple
.
Fo
llo
w t
he
in
stru
ctio
ns
of
th
e g
am
e!
1.
Vo
lun
teer
A f
ace
s a
dra
win
g
surf
ace
wit
h t
he
ba
ck t
o a
no
ther
volu
nte
er B
.
2.
B h
old
s a
sk
etch
, w
ith
ou
t vo
lun
-
teer
A s
eein
g i
t.
3.
B n
ow
tri
es t
o u
se c
lea
r co
mm
u-
nic
atio
n t
o d
escr
ibe
the
ima
ge.
4.
A –
no
t a
llo
wed
to
ta
lk,
ask
qu
es-
tio
ns,
or
loo
k a
rou
nd
– d
raw
s th
e
ima
ge
on
th
e b
oa
rd.
5.
Th
is i
s a
n i
nte
rest
ing
way
to
see
ho
w d
iffi
cult
it
is t
o c
om
mu
ni-
cate
eff
ecti
vely
.Th
er
e is
no
rec
ipe
an
d e
ach
ca
se i
s d
iff e
ren
t! H
ow
ever
th
ere
are
so
me
cru
cia
l ch
all
eng
es.
Th
e fo
ur
mo
st i
mp
ort
an
t ch
all
eng
es a
re:
• M
ak
e a
ctiv
e p
ub
lic
pa
rtic
ipat
ion
/ c
oll
ab
ora
tive
co
nfl
ict
ma
na
gem
ent
ha
pp
en a
nd
get
all
cru
cia
l st
ak
eho
lder
s “i
n t
he
bo
at”!
Ma
in c
ha
llen
ge
(bes
ides
fu
nd
ing
): e
nli
gh
ten
an
d r
efu
te m
yth
s a
nd
fea
rs;
• C
om
po
se a
“w
ater
pro
of”
tea
m,
des
ign
an
ad
equ
ate
pro
cess
, b
e re
ad
y
to c
ha
ng
e it
at
an
y t
ime
an
d g
et t
he
pro
cess
do
ne!
• R
efl e
ct h
ow
it
wo
rked
, w
hat
wen
t w
ell
an
d w
hat
wen
t w
ron
g (
an
d
wh
y).
Eva
luat
e yo
ur
inte
rven
tio
n a
nd
lea
rn t
he
less
on
s!
• D
o n
ot
get
fru
stra
ted
an
d t
ry i
t a
ga
in!
Th
e h
ug
e n
um
ber
of
exer
cise
s a
nd
ro
le-p
lay
s th
rou
gh
ou
t th
e tr
ain
ing
invo
lves
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
in
ten
sely
, cr
eati
ng
am
azi
ng
lea
rnin
g e
xp
erie
nc-
es,
enth
usi
asm
an
d f
un
. P
art
icip
ati
on
pro
cess
des
ign
an
d e
xec
uti
on
is
easy
in
th
eory
bu
t ch
all
eng
ing
in
pra
ctic
e. P
art
icip
an
ts g
et a
n i
nte
nse
op
po
rtu
nit
y t
o t
ry i
t o
ut.
Ex
am
ple
s o
f e
xce
rcis
es
2 |
TR
AIN
ING
MO
DU
LE 8
DE
SIG
N A
ND
IM
PLE
ME
NTA
TIO
N O
F A
STA
KE
HO
LD
ER
PLU
RIL
OG
UE
NE
GO
TIA
TIO
N A
ND
CO
NS
EN
SU
S B
UIL
DIN
GC
OM
MU
NIC
AT
ION
DY
NA
MIC
S
Sta
keho
lder
1vs
.S
take
hold
er 2
Pos
ition
al B
arga
inin
g
FRO
MT
OW
AR
DS
Sta
keho
lder
1+
Sta
keho
lder
2
Inte
rest
Bas
ed B
arga
inin
g
Com
mon
Pro
blem
Objectives of SH 1
SH
1 w
ins
SH
2 lo
ses
SH
2 w
ins
SH
1 lo
ses
Ob
ject
ives
of S
H 2
SH
1 w
ins
SH
2 w
ins
Objectives of SH 1
Ob
ject
ives
of S
H 2
Con
sens
us
Consensus
Com
pro
mis
e
iStock.com/David Vernon
42
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
43
THE
TR
AIN
ING
EXP
ER
IEN
CE
Pra
ctic
al
3C
onv
erti
ng R
oad
spac
e in
to a
Pla
ce f
or
Peo
ple
(Sp
ain)
; Nor
a E
rdoi
za, K
old
o Te
lleria
;
Priz
e: s
tud
y-tr
ip t
o B
olza
no
Wal
king
Cit
ies
Net
wo
rk’ W
ebsi
te (S
pai
n);
Pab
lo B
arco
Bal
lest
eros
;
Priz
e: p
artic
ipat
ion
at t
he W
alk
21 c
onfe
renc
e in
Mun
ich
Stu
dy
on
the
mo
bili
ty o
f M
unic
ipal
Offi
ce
emp
loye
es
in G
niez
no (P
ola
nd);
Alic
ja O
rzeł
;
Priz
e: s
tud
y-tr
ip t
o B
olza
no
Pac
kag
e o
f m
easu
re t
o p
rom
ote
cyc
ling
(Bul
gar
ia);
Zoy
a S
toya
nova
, Ant
onia
Nov
akov
a;
Priz
e: s
tud
y-tr
ip t
o B
olza
no
Mur
esO
nBik
e- P
arki
ng s
pac
e fo
r b
icyc
les
and
Cri
tica
l
Mas
s (R
om
ania
); G
eorg
iana
Birt
hler
-Bra
nea,
Kla
us B
irthl
er,
San
dor
Gal
; Priz
e: s
tud
y-tr
ip t
o G
raz
CIR
CU
S@
UN
I – C
reat
ive
Inte
llig
ent
Ref
orm
ing
Cam
pai
gn
for
Urb
an S
usta
inab
ility
(Gre
ece)
; Gio
rgos
Chr
onop
oulo
s,
Eva
ngel
os K
yrits
is; P
rize:
stu
dy-
trip
to
Bol
zano
Wal
king
Aud
it in
Nap
les
Car
min
e A
veta
(Ita
ly);
Cas
imiro
Mon
ti, A
nton
io D
’Am
bro
sio;
Priz
e: p
artic
ipat
ion
at W
alk
21 C
onfe
renc
e
For
the
bo
y an
d t
he g
irl (
Po
rtug
al);
Raq
uel C
arva
lho;
Priz
e: p
artic
ipat
ion
at E
urop
ean
Tran
spor
t C
onfe
renc
e
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
aim
ed t
o
invo
lve
tra
inee
s b
eyo
nd
sim
ply
be
-
ing
pre
sen
t at
th
e te
chn
ica
l tr
ain
ing
.
Ba
sed
on
th
e k
no
wle
dg
e g
ain
ed d
ur-
ing
th
is t
ech
nic
al
lect
ure
, tr
ain
ees
imp
lem
ente
d t
hei
r o
wn
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
(PT
P).
PT
Ps
are
sma
ll s
cale
pro
ject
s w
ith
a s
ho
rt
imp
lem
enta
tio
n t
ime
of
a c
ou
ple
of
wee
ks
to h
alf
a y
ear.
Tra
inee
s ca
r-
ried
ou
t th
ese
pro
ject
s a
s tr
ain
ing
-
on
-th
e-j
ob
, u
sua
lly
in
tea
ms
of
two
or
thre
e p
erso
ns.
Th
ey t
her
eby
dev
elo
ped
th
eir
pro
ject
s in
dep
end
-
entl
y, b
ut
wer
e co
nti
nu
all
y g
uid
ed
an
d s
up
ervi
sed
by
th
eir
tra
iner
s. Th
e
tra
iner
s g
ave
ad
vice
on
ho
w t
o o
ver-
com
e b
arr
iers
an
d fi
nd
so
luti
on
s.
Wit
hin
th
e p
roje
ct l
ifet
ime
of
TR
AN
S-
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G,
a t
ota
l o
f 71
Pra
cti-
cal
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
wer
e ca
rrie
d
ou
t a
ll o
ver
Eu
rop
e. A
hu
ge
vari
ety
of
pro
ject
s to
ok
pla
ce,
e.g
. te
mp
ora
ry
roa
d r
edes
ign
s, t
he
set
up
of
pa
ssen
-
ger
in
form
atio
n s
yst
ems,
th
e p
lan
-
nin
g o
f n
ew c
ycl
ing
in
fra
stru
ctu
re,
the
org
an
isat
ion
of
cam
pa
ign
s et
c.
Ce
rtifi
ca
tio
n a
nd
a
wa
rd
ing
Tra
inee
s w
ho
pa
rtic
ipat
ed i
n o
ne
or
mo
re t
rain
ing
mo
du
les
an
d s
ucc
ess-
full
y i
mp
lem
ente
d a
Pra
ctic
al T
rain
-
ing
Pro
ject
rec
eive
d a
n o
ffi c
ial
cert
ifi -
cate
. A
mo
ng
all
cer
tifi
ed t
rain
ees,
th
e
eig
ht
tea
ms
wh
o d
evel
op
ed t
he
mo
st
ou
tsta
nd
ing
pro
ject
s w
ere
aw
ard
ed
a p
rize
. Th
e
pri
ze w
as
eith
er a
fre
e
stu
dy
-tri
p t
o G
raz
or
Bo
lza
no
(se
e p
ag
e
54)
or
the
op
po
rtu
nit
y t
o t
ak
e p
art
in
an
in
tern
atio
na
l tr
an
spo
rt c
on
fere
nce
.
Th
ree
aw
ard
win
ner
s w
ent
to W
alk
21
an
d E
uro
pea
n T
ran
spo
rt C
on
fere
nce
.
Eig
ht a
wa
rd
ed
T
ra
inin
g-P
ro
jects
Th
e p
ictu
res
giv
e a
n i
mp
ress
ion
ab
ou
t
the
eig
ht
aw
ard
ed p
roje
cts.
On
th
e
foll
ow
ing
pa
ges
, th
ree
very
in
tere
st-
ing
an
d i
nn
ova
tive
tra
inin
g p
roje
cts
wil
l b
e p
rese
nte
d i
n d
eta
il.
Vis
it th
e p
roje
ct
web
site
to
view
the
m
ost
inno
vativ
e an
d
crea
tive
trai
ning
p
roje
cts.
The
win
ners
of t
he “
trai
ning
-pro
ject
-aw
ard”
(San
dor
Gal
and
Kla
us B
irthe
r, R
oman
ia) r
ecei
ving
thei
r ce
rtifi
cate
s, h
ande
d
over
by
Julia
Zie
ntek
, FG
M-A
MO
R
Te
ch
nic
al
kn
ow
led
ge
p
ut i
nto
pra
ctic
e
“T
ell
me
an
d I
fo
rge
t.
T
ea
ch m
e a
nd
I re
me
mb
er.
In
vo
lve
me
an
d I
le
arn
.”
(Ben
jam
in F
ran
klin
)
4445
3 |
TR
AIN
ING
PR
OJE
CT
S
Ob
jectiv
es
• A
ttra
ct p
eop
le’s
att
enti
on
to
th
e
dis
trib
uti
on
of
urb
an
sp
ace
wh
ich
curr
entl
y m
ost
ly f
avo
urs
mo
tor-
ised
tra
ffic;
• M
ak
e th
e in
ha
bit
an
ts o
f E
gia
nei
gh
bo
urh
oo
d a
wa
re o
f th
e
po
ten
tia
l o
f ce
rta
in a
rea
s to
be
sha
red
or
ped
estr
ian
sp
ace
s;
• P
rep
are
th
e g
rou
nd
fo
r a
per
ma
-
nen
t ch
an
ge.
Alt
ho
ug
h t
he
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g
Pro
ject
res
ult
ed i
n o
nly
a t
emp
ora
ry
inte
rven
tio
n,
con
vert
ing
an
in
effi-
cien
tly
use
d r
oa
dw
ay
sp
ace
to
a “
Pla
ce
for
Peo
ple
”, i
n r
eali
ty i
t b
uil
t o
n a
mo
re e
xte
nsi
ve s
tud
y/p
roje
ct p
rop
os-
ing
co
ncr
ete
stre
et d
esig
n a
nd
tra
ffic
calm
ing
in
terv
enti
on
s to
im
pro
ve
ped
estr
ian
s’,
cycl
ists
’ b
ut
als
o m
oto
r-
ists
’ m
ob
ilit
y. B
ase
d o
n t
his
stu
dy,
the
are
a t
o b
e te
mp
ora
rily
ch
an
ged
,
the
act
ion
s to
be
tak
en a
nd
th
e te
m-
po
rary
“a
lter
atio
ns”
of
the
stre
et e
nvi
-
ron
men
t h
ave
bee
n i
den
tifi
ed.
Activ
itie
s
The
are
a w
as
clo
sed
to
tra
ffic
an
d r
e-
cla
imed
as
a p
edes
tria
n a
nd
en
cou
n-
ter
zon
e. A
mo
ng
th
e a
ctiv
itie
s ca
rrie
d
ou
t w
ere:
• T
emp
ora
ry o
ccu
pat
ion
of
a r
oa
d-
wa
y a
rea
of
500
m2 a
nd
tra
nsf
orm
-
ing
it
into
a n
ew a
nd
rev
ita
lise
d
ped
estr
ian
zo
ne,
to
dem
on
stra
te
its
po
ten
tia
l a
s th
e m
ain
are
a o
f
acc
ess
into
Eg
ia;
• T
emp
ora
rily
clo
sin
g a
str
eet
use
d
as
sho
rtcu
t b
y m
oto
rise
d t
raffi
c
an
d t
ran
sfo
rmin
g i
t in
to a
dea
d-
end
to
dem
on
stra
te t
he
sig
nifi
-
can
t re
du
ctio
ns
in t
raffi
c vo
lum
es
an
d t
he
ben
efits
fo
r th
e en
tire
atm
osp
her
e o
f E
gia
;
• O
rga
nis
ing
an
ex
po
siti
on
pre
sen
t-
ing
th
e co
nce
pt
an
d m
ain
in
ter-
ven
tio
ns
pro
po
sed
by
th
e st
ud
y
dev
elo
ped
fo
r E
gia
;
• O
rga
nis
ing
a p
lay
sp
ace
an
d
ga
mes
fo
r ch
ild
ren
;
• O
rga
nis
ing
a s
elf-
serv
ice
bu
ffet
on
the
da
y o
f th
e ev
ent.
Re
su
lts
Bo
th t
he
tem
po
rary
occ
up
atio
n o
f th
e
roa
dw
ay,
as
wel
l a
s th
e p
roje
ct p
re-
sen
tin
g a
new
des
ign
fo
r E
gia
, h
ave
bee
n v
ery
wel
l re
ceiv
ed.
The
eva
lua
-
tio
n o
f th
e su
cces
s is
ba
sed
on
:
• th
e re
act
ion
s a
nd
fee
db
ack
re
-
ceiv
ed f
rom
th
e p
eop
le a
tten
din
g
the
even
t;
• th
e re
act
ion
s in
th
e m
edia
ab
ou
t
the
tem
po
rary
eve
nt;
• n
ews
on
th
e C
ity
Ha
ll w
ebp
ag
e
ab
ou
t th
e ev
ent
an
d t
he
des
ign
con
cep
t p
rop
ose
d f
or
Eg
ia;
• th
e in
crea
se i
n t
he
nu
mb
er o
f vi
s-
its
to t
he
Eg
ia p
roje
ct w
ebp
ag
e.
T h
e p
roje
ct w
as
imp
lem
ente
d
in E
gia
nei
gh
bo
urh
oo
d i
n t
he
city
of
Do
no
stia
-Sa
n S
eba
stia
n.
Al-
tho
ug
h D
on
ost
ia h
as
ma
de
con
sist
ent
pro
gre
ss i
n m
ak
ing
urb
an
mo
bil
ity
mo
re s
ust
ain
ab
le d
uri
ng
th
e la
st f
ew
yea
rs,
mo
st o
f th
e in
terv
enti
on
s h
ave
occ
urr
ed i
n c
entr
al
nei
gh
bo
urh
oo
ds
an
d/o
r in
th
ose
sit
uat
ed i
n fl
at a
rea
s.
The
Pra
ctic
al T
rain
ing
Pro
ject
pro
po
sed
by
Ka
lap
ie (
Urb
an
Cyc
list
s A
sso
cia
-
tio
n)
is p
art
of
a p
rog
ram
me
call
ed
“Nei
gh
bo
urh
oo
d b
y N
eig
hb
ou
rho
od
”
aim
ing
to
in
terv
ene
in h
illy
are
as
wit
h a
co
mp
lex
urb
an
mo
rph
olo
gy.
My
vie
w
NO
RA
ER
DO
IZA
Tra
ine
e i
n t
he
mo
du
les
Pa
rkin
g S
pa
ce
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
an
d S
tre
et
De
sig
n
“The
mos
t im
port
an
t le
sson
lea
rnt
is
the
effica
cy o
f a
tem
pora
l ch
an
ge a
s
a w
ay
to e
xpla
in t
o th
e re
side
nts
th
at
the
spa
ce m
igh
t be
ch
an
ges
an
d im
-
prov
ed, a
nd
as
an
exp
erim
enta
tion
of
the
theo
reti
cal p
ropo
sals
. Res
iden
t’s
aw
are
nes
s a
bou
t th
e pr
opos
al a
nd
sust
ain
abl
e m
obil
ity
ha
s in
crea
sed
via
th
e on
e-da
y m
obil
ity
even
t.”
Trai
nee:
N
ora
Erd
oiza
(Arc
hite
ct a
t G
ipuz
koa
mun
icip
al-
ity) a
nd K
old
o Te
lleria
(Lec
ture
r at
the
Sch
ool o
f A
rchi
tect
ure
of D
onos
tia-S
an S
ebas
tián)
Loca
tio
n:D
onos
tia-S
an S
ebas
tián,
Sp
ain,
Sp
ain
Tim
e p
erio
d:
5 d
ays
for
pre
per
atio
n an
d o
rgan
isat
ion
of t
he
one-
day
eve
nt
Co
sts:
EU
R 1
,500
; Co-
fund
ing
has
bee
n al
so g
iven
by
the
mun
icip
ality
Web
:ht
tps:
//w
ww
.you
tub
e.co
m/
wat
ch?v
=ro
qd
fWA
1Q3I
http
://w
ww
.don
ostia
.org
/hom
e.ns
f/0/
916D
5257
D68
3248
3C12
57A
D40
03D
2F03
?Op
enD
ocum
ent&
idio
ma=
cas
Fa
cts
Co
nv
ertin
g
Ro
ad
sp
ace
in
to
a P
lace
fo
r P
eo
ple
iStock.com
46
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
47
3 |
TR
AIN
ING
PR
OJE
CT
S
Ob
jectiv
es
Des
pit
e th
e fa
ct t
hat
th
e C
ity
of
Fă
gă
raş
is a
sm
all
siz
ed c
ity
an
d d
is-
tan
ces
bet
wee
n a
ctiv
itie
s a
re r
elat
ive
-
ly s
ho
rt,
stu
die
s sh
ow
th
at t
her
e is
an
ala
rmin
g i
ncr
ease
in
th
e n
um
ber
of
car
use
rs w
ith
in r
ecen
t ye
ars
. Th
is
ha
s le
d t
he
city
to
wa
rds
hig
h l
evel
s o
f
po
llu
tio
n a
nd
a l
oss
of
spa
ce t
hat
ha
s
no
w b
eco
me
ded
icat
ed t
o c
ars
. Th
ere
is a
lso
an
in
crea
sin
g t
ren
d o
f k
ind
er-
ga
rten
ch
ild
ren
an
d s
cho
ol
stu
den
ts
bei
ng
bro
ug
ht
to s
cho
ol
by
ca
r o
n a
reg
ula
r b
asi
s. Th
e m
ain
ob
ject
ive
of
the
pro
ject
is
to s
low
do
wn
or
even
reve
rse
this
tre
nd
.
The
cam
pa
ign
“I
wa
lk t
o s
cho
ol”
aim
ed t
o b
oo
st s
ust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y
by
ra
isin
g p
up
ils’
, te
ach
ers’
, p
are
nts
’
an
d c
itiz
ens’
aw
are
nes
s o
f th
e b
en-
efits
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g.
Activ
itie
s
“I w
alk
to
sch
oo
l” i
nvo
lved
sev
era
l
step
s:
• a
dvi
sin
g s
cho
ols
on
ca
mp
aig
n
ob
ject
ives
, h
an
din
g o
ut
tra
inin
g
mat
eria
ls d
escr
ibin
g t
he
ben
efits
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
est
ab
lish
men
t o
f
sch
edu
les
for
futu
re a
ctiv
itie
s;
• o
rga
nis
ing
sp
ecifi
c a
ctiv
itie
s at
a
sch
oo
l le
vel:
a s
log
an
co
mp
etit
ion
,
com
po
sin
g l
yri
cs a
nd
hy
mn
s, c
re-
atin
g t
he
cam
pa
ign
’s l
og
o, d
esig
n-
ing
ill
ust
rati
on
s sh
ow
ing
wa
lkin
g
as
a c
entr
al
them
e, o
verc
om
ing
pre
jud
ices
an
d p
sych
olo
gic
al
ba
rri-
ers
by
dis
cuss
ing
th
em a
nd
mo
ni-
tori
ng
an
d e
valu
atin
g t
he
nu
mb
er
of
stu
den
ts w
ho
wa
lk t
o s
cho
ol
thro
ug
h s
urv
eys;
• a
fter
th
ese
intr
od
uct
ory
act
ivit
ies
too
k p
lace
, th
e T
raffi
c S
na
ke
Ga
me1
ha
s b
een
im
ple
men
ted
in
sev
era
l
sch
oo
ls.
Ch
ild
ren
fro
m t
hre
e k
in-
der
ga
rten
s a
nd
fo
ur
seco
nd
ary
-
sch
oo
ls t
oo
k p
art
, in
volv
ing
50
0
kin
der
ga
rten
ch
ild
ren
an
d o
ver
2,0
00
sch
oo
l st
ud
ents
. Th
e A
sso
-
ciat
ion
fo
r V
alu
ing
Ed
uca
tio
n w
as
on
e o
f th
e p
roje
ct’s
pa
rtn
ers;
• “
Wa
lkin
g B
use
s” w
ere
als
o i
mp
le-
men
ted
to
su
pp
ort
all
stu
den
ts a
nd
pa
ren
ts t
o g
et t
og
eth
er a
nd
wa
lk
to s
cho
ol.
A m
ap
wit
h w
alk
ing
bu
s ro
ute
s w
as
dev
elo
ped
. 50
0 s
tu-
den
ts f
rom
th
ree
seco
nd
ary
sch
oo
ls
an
d 2
00
hig
h s
cho
ol
stu
den
ts w
ere
invo
lved
.
Eve
ry m
on
th,
cam
pa
ign
ma
na
ger
s
wer
e p
rese
nt
at t
he
Cit
y H
all
wh
ere
all
th
e en
cou
nte
red
ob
sta
cles
an
d
cam
pa
ign
ou
tco
mes
wer
e d
iscu
ssed
.
Tea
cher
s re
spo
nsi
ble
fo
r th
e ca
m-
pa
ign
an
d o
ther
s w
ho
wer
e in
volv
ed
rece
ived
dip
lom
as.
T h
e C
ity
of
Fă
gă
raş
ha
s b
een
a
mem
ber
of
the
Co
ven
an
t o
f
Ma
yors
sin
ce 2
011
, w
ith
a t
arg
et o
f
red
uci
ng
CO
2 em
issi
on
s b
y 2
2 %
by
2020
. Th
e “I
wa
lk t
o s
cho
ol”
20
12-
2013
Ca
mp
aig
n,
imp
lem
ente
d a
s
an
in
itia
tive
of
the
Cit
y o
f F
ăg
ăra
ş
En
erg
y D
epa
rtm
ent,
wa
s d
evel
op
ed
as
an
ex
ten
sio
n o
f a
pro
ject
th
at
wa
s u
nd
erta
ken
du
rin
g E
uro
pea
n
Mo
bil
ity
Wee
k,
un
der
th
e sl
og
an
“Mo
vin
g i
n t
he
rig
ht
dir
ecti
on
!”.
Trai
nee:
D
acia
Săp
ător
u (H
ead
of E
nerg
y C
omp
artm
ent
at t
he C
ity o
f Făg
ăraş
)
Loca
tio
n:Fă
găra
ş, R
oman
ia
Tim
e p
erio
d:
5 m
onth
s (D
ecem
ber
201
2 –
Ap
ril 2
013)
Co
sts:
EU
R 1
50 +
Sp
onso
rshi
p fo
r eq
uip
men
t of
pup
ils
invo
lved
in t
he c
amp
aign
Web
:w
ww
.tvfa
gara
s.ro
/jocu
l-sar
pelu
i-in-
trafi
c.ht
ml
ww
w.b
unaz
iuaf
agar
as.in
fo/s
arpe
le-d
in-h
olul
-sco
lii/
Fa
cts
Ca
mp
aig
n
“I
Wa
lk T
o
Sch
oo
l”
Re
su
lts
A t
ota
l o
f 25
00
ch
ild
ren
wer
e in
volv
ed
in t
he
Tra
ffic
Sn
ak
e G
am
e a
nd
70
0
chil
dre
n p
art
icip
ated
in
th
e W
alk
-
ing
Bu
s. Th
e T
raffi
c S
na
ke
Ga
me
wa
s
a r
eal
succ
ess
an
d t
wo
sch
oo
ls h
ave
con
tin
ued
to
mo
nit
or
stu
den
ts’
trip
s
to s
cho
ol
an
d i
mp
lem
ente
d a
Tra
ffic
Sn
ak
e G
am
e o
f th
eir
ow
n.
Vo
lun
teer
s
am
on
g t
he
stu
den
ts’
gra
nd
pa
ren
ts
con
sid
ered
th
e W
alk
ing
Bu
s a
wa
y
of
pro
tect
ing
th
eir
chil
dre
n a
t ro
ad
cro
ssin
gs.
Ther
efo
re,
they
hav
e d
ecid
-
ed t
o l
ead
th
e “B
use
s” u
nti
l th
e en
d
of
the
sch
oo
l ye
ar.
Acc
ord
ing
to
th
e
calc
ula
tio
ns
do
ne
wit
hin
th
e p
roje
ct,
the
tota
l re
du
ctio
n o
f C
O2
an
d f
uel
con
sum
pti
on
rea
ched
alm
ost
150
0 k
g
CO
2 p
er w
eek
. Th
e ca
mp
aig
n a
imed
to b
oo
st s
ust
ain
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y b
y r
ais
-
ing
pu
pil
s’,
tea
cher
s’,
pa
ren
ts’
an
d
citi
zen
s’ a
wa
ren
ess
of
the
ben
efits
of
wa
lkin
g a
nd
cy
clin
g.
My
vie
w
DA
CIA
SĂ
PĂ
TO
RU
Tra
ine
e i
n t
he
mo
du
les
Pa
rkin
g M
an
ag
em
en
t,
MM
fo
r fa
mil
ies,
Str
ee
t d
sig
n,
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
Cyc
lin
g a
nd
Co
mm
un
ica
tio
n T
rain
ing
“The
tra
inin
g se
ssio
ns
repr
esen
ted
a re
al
supp
ort
for
me
as
a c
ity
cou
nse
lor.
We
impl
e-
men
ted
the
“I w
alk
to
sch
ool!
”-ca
mpa
ign
usi
ng
met
hod
s le
arn
ed in
Mod
ule
Wa
lkin
g
& C
ycli
ng.
Ther
e a
re p
len
ty o
f th
ings
you
ca
n
only
va
lue
by a
tten
din
g su
ch t
rain
ing;
it c
an
cha
nge
th
e w
ay
you
th
ink
an
d a
ppro
ach
su
s-
tain
abl
e de
velo
pmen
t is
sues
.”
1
The
traf
fic s
nake
gam
e is
a c
amp
aign
to
pro
mot
e w
alki
ng a
nd c
yclin
g to
sch
ool.
ww
w.t
raffi
csna
kega
me.
eu
iStock.com
4849
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
3 |
TR
AIN
ING
PR
OJE
CT
S
Activ
itie
s
Aro
un
d t
he
city
, d
yn
am
ic p
ass
en-
ger
in
form
atio
n s
ign
s/b
oa
rds
wer
e
pla
ced
giv
ing
in
form
atio
n o
n c
ity
an
d
inte
rcit
y b
us
lin
es a
nd
po
ssib
le c
on
-
nec
tio
ns
to b
e m
ad
e b
etw
een
th
ese,
dep
end
ing
on
th
e tr
ip.
Th
is w
ay
th
e
use
rs o
f th
e w
eb p
ort
al
can
op
tim
all
y
ad
just
th
eir
trip
to
th
e g
iven
ro
ute
s,
tim
eta
ble
s a
nd
th
eir
ava
ila
ble
tim
e
for
trav
el.
Th
e w
ebsi
te i
s a
lso
ava
il-
ab
le f
or
mo
bil
e d
evic
es s
uch
as
tab
let
com
pu
ters
an
d m
ob
ile
ph
on
es.
Th
e w
eb p
ort
al
wa
s a
dve
rtis
ed i
n t
he
loca
l p
ress
an
d v
ia p
ost
ers
pla
ced
at b
us
sto
ps,
in
bu
ses
serv
ing
th
e
rou
tes
an
d o
n t
he
web
pa
ges
of
the
loca
l tr
an
spo
rt a
uth
ori
ty a
nd
op
era
-
tors
. S
tati
stic
s fr
om
th
e w
ebsi
te v
isit
s
sho
w t
hat
, d
uri
ng
th
e fi
rst
mo
nth
,
the
po
rta
l w
as
visi
ted
by
ab
ou
t
5,0
00
in
div
idu
als
an
d t
he
ap
pli
ca-
tio
n d
ow
nlo
ad
ed i
nto
mo
re t
ha
n 4
00
mo
bil
e d
evic
es.
Mo
reo
ver,
th
e d
ata
ava
ila
ble
on
th
e p
ort
al
is u
sed
, o
n
aver
ag
e, 3
0 t
imes
a d
ay
by
sta
ff o
f th
e
Au
tho
rity
of
the
Pu
bli
c T
ran
spo
rt i
n
Ry
bn
ik w
hen
pro
vid
ing
in
form
atio
n
on
ro
ute
s to
pa
ssen
ger
s.
Re
su
lts
Sev
era
l w
eek
s a
fter
th
e la
un
ch o
f th
e
web
po
rta
l, a
n o
n-l
ine
surv
ey w
as
con
du
cted
to
ass
ess
its
uti
lity
an
d i
m-
pa
ct.
Acc
ord
ing
to
th
e su
rvey
:
• 43
% o
f tr
avel
lers
ch
an
ged
th
eir
wa
y o
f tr
avel
lin
g;
• 20
% u
se i
nd
ivid
ua
l tr
an
spo
rt l
ess
oft
en;
• 13
% o
f tr
avel
lers
hav
e g
iven
up
thei
r in
div
idu
al
tra
nsp
ort
;
• 24
% o
f tr
avel
lers
cla
imed
th
at d
ue
to t
he
fun
ctio
na
lity
of
the
Po
rta
l
they
ca
n b
ette
r m
an
ag
e th
eir
tim
e
(e.g
. th
ey k
no
w i
n h
ow
ma
ny
min
ute
s th
eir
bu
s w
ill
be
arr
ivin
g
wh
ich
giv
es t
hem
psy
cho
log
ica
l
com
fort
).
Sin
ce 4
9 %
of
the
use
rs o
f th
e “F
rom
Ry
bn
ik b
y b
us”
web
site
oft
en c
om
e
ba
ck t
o i
t, i
t ca
n b
e co
ncl
ud
ed t
hat
the
po
rta
l p
rovi
des
rel
iab
le i
nfo
rma
-
tio
n a
nd
mee
ts t
rave
ller
s’ n
eed
s a
nd
inte
rest
s.
T h
e m
ini-
pro
ject
“F
rom
Ry
bn
ik
by
bu
s” f
ocu
sed
on
Ry
bn
ik’s
in
-
ha
bit
an
ts a
nd
tra
vell
ers
go
ing
to
an
d
fro
m R
yb
nik
by
bu
s. I
ts p
urp
ose
wa
s
to p
rovi
de
the
gen
era
l p
ub
lic
wit
h a
web
po
rta
l w
ith
rel
iab
le a
nd
pre
cise
info
rmat
ion
on
sch
edu
led
co
mm
er-
cia
l ca
rrie
rs o
per
atin
g o
n r
ou
tes
to
an
d f
rom
Ry
bn
ik.
Bes
ide
the
info
r-
mat
ion
on
tim
eta
ble
s a
nd
ro
ute
s o
f
the
com
mer
cia
l ca
rrie
rs,
the
use
rs o
f
the
web
po
rta
l ca
n a
cces
s, o
n a
Go
og
le
Ma
p,
the
loca
tio
n o
f b
use
s o
n t
he
rou
te a
nd
ca
n a
lso
id
enti
fy t
he
sto
ps
serv
ed b
y p
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
.
My
vie
w
ST
AN
ISL
AW
WE
NG
ER
SK
I
Tra
inee i
n t
he m
od
ule
s P
ark
ing
M
an
ag
em
en
t, C
am
pa
ign
s a
nd
C
om
mu
nic
ati
on
Tra
inin
g
“Wh
en I
wa
s im
plem
enti
ng
the
min
i-pr
ojec
t, I
lear
ned
th
at y
ou c
an
com
bin
e th
e in
tere
sts
of b
oth
th
e lo
-
cal o
rgan
iser
s an
d op
erat
ors
of p
ubl
ic
tra
nsp
ort
serv
ing
con
nec
tion
s be
yon
d
the
loca
l are
a. Th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of
the
proj
ect
an
d it
s m
ain
ten
an
ce n
ow
allo
ws
you
to
mon
itor
th
e m
arke
t.
Bu
sin
ess
own
ers
of t
he
tran
spor
t co
m-
pan
ies,
act
ing
now
as
our p
artn
ers
in
the
proj
ect,
are
mor
e li
kely
to
shar
e
thei
r obs
erva
tion
s a
nd
data
on
th
e
beh
avio
ur o
f tra
vell
ers.
Th i
s a
llow
s u
s
to o
ptim
ise
the
off e
r for
tra
vell
ers.
”
Fro
m
Ry
bn
ik
by
bu
s
Trai
nee:
K
azim
ierz
Ber
ger
and
Sta
nisł
aw W
enge
rski
(E
mp
loye
es a
t th
e P
ublic
Tra
nsp
ort
Aut
horit
y of
Ryb
nik)
Loca
tio
n:R
ybni
k, P
olan
d
Tim
e p
erio
d:
9 M
onth
s (M
ay 2
012
to J
anua
ry 2
013)
Co
sts:
EU
R 2
,000
eq
uip
men
t co
sts
EU
R 1
0 p
er b
us a
nd m
onth
for
GP
RS
tr
ansm
issi
on fe
eS
taff
cost
s an
d d
isse
min
atio
n co
sts
Web
:w
ww
.ztz
.ryb
nik.
pl
Fa
cts
Pu
bli
c T
ra
nsp
ort
Pa
sse
ng
er I
nfo
rm
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n
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stri
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bil
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ese
arc
h
Ge
rm
an
y
Tra
iner
TU
Dre
sde
n
Boz
en
Gra
z
52
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
53
Sit
e-V
isit
sA
un
iqu
e
op
po
rtu
nit
y
to
lo
ok
be
hin
d
th
e s
ce
ne
s
Gra
z,
Au
stria
As
pa
rt o
f th
e si
te-v
isit
, g
uid
ed
city
to
urs
as
wel
l a
s a
bic
ycl
e
excu
rsio
n t
oo
k p
lace
. Th
e
pa
rtic
i-
pa
nts
vis
ited
im
po
rta
nt
des
tin
a-
tio
ns
in G
raz,
fo
r ex
am
ple
th
e
his
tori
cal
city
cen
tre,
Gra
z’s
ma
in
rail
wa
y s
tati
on
, th
e m
ob
ilit
y c
en-
tre
“Mo
bil
Zen
tra
l” a
s w
ell
as
the
Sh
are
d S
pa
ce a
rea
nea
rby
Gra
z
Un
iver
sity
.Th
e p
rog
ram
me
wa
s
enri
ched
th
rou
gh
lec
ture
s a
bo
ut
cycl
ing
po
lici
es,
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt
pla
nn
ing
, tr
affi
c c
alm
ing
an
d
sha
red
sp
ace
, p
rese
nte
d b
y r
ep-
rese
nta
tive
s o
f th
e C
ity
of
Gra
z,
Ho
ldin
g G
raz
an
d A
ust
ria
n M
ob
il-
ity
Res
earc
h.
Bo
lza
no
, It
aly
In B
olz
an
o, t
he
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
ex-
per
ien
ced
th
e eff
ort
s o
f th
e lo
cal
ad
min
istr
atio
n i
n m
ak
ing
su
s-
tain
ab
le t
rave
l m
ore
att
ract
ive
an
d
eco
no
mic
all
y c
om
pet
itiv
e. P
ub
lic
tra
nsp
ort
pla
nn
ing
an
d p
oli
cies
as
wel
l a
s st
rate
gic
pla
ns
for
the
fu-
ture
wer
e p
art
of
the
pro
gra
mm
e.
Ho
wev
er,t
he
ma
in f
ocu
s o
f th
e
stu
dy
vis
it w
as
the
city
’s s
ucc
ess-
ful
corp
ora
te c
ycl
ing
po
licy
, a
n
exa
mp
le o
f h
ow
a t
arg
eted
, st
ruc-
ture
d a
nd
co
mp
reh
ensi
ve p
roje
ct
can
lea
d t
o s
tro
ng
in
crea
ses
in t
he
nu
mb
ers
of
cycl
ists
in
a r
elat
ivel
y
sho
rt t
ime.
© G
raz
Tour
ism
us©
Süd
tirol
Mar
ketin
g / C
lem
ens
Zah
n
The
effe
cts
of m
obilit
y pl
anni
ng
mea
sure
s ar
e of
ten
only
see
n in
the
long
-ter
m. T
raffi
c si
mul
a-tio
ns a
nd tr
ansp
ort s
cena
rios
can
dem
ostr
ate
(pos
sibl
e) fu
-tu
re e
ffect
s, b
ut m
odel
ling
soft-
war
e is
exp
ensi
ve a
nd is
not
al
way
s ap
prop
riate
. A p
rove
n an
d ve
ry e
ffect
ive
stra
tegy
is
to v
isit
othe
r ci
ties.
The
aim
of
such
site
-vis
its is
to le
arn
from
ro
le m
odel
s, to
und
erst
and
prob
lem
s ex
perie
nced
in o
ther
ci
ties
as w
ell a
s to
stu
dy th
e ap
proa
ches
ado
pted
to a
d-dr
ess
thes
e pr
oble
ms.
Dur
ing
the
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
-IN
G p
roje
ct, t
he p
roje
ct te
am
invi
ted
stak
ehol
ders
to v
isit
Gra
z an
d B
olza
no. 7
0 m
obilit
y pr
actit
ione
rs fr
om e
ight
diff
er-
ent c
ount
ries
visi
ted
the
two
citie
s in
Apr
il an
d S
epte
mbe
r 20
13. T
he lo
cal h
osts
mad
e th
e gu
ests
exp
erie
nce
the
resu
lts o
f a tr
ansp
ort p
olic
y th
at fo
llow
s th
e pr
inci
ples
of
sust
aina
bilit
y, p
artic
ipat
ion
and
inte
grat
ion.
Be
st p
ra
ctic
e
in t
he
fi e
ld o
f
su
sta
ina
ble
mo
bil
ity
1. O
pen
ing
cere
mon
y in
the
city
hal
l, G
raz
2. M
obili
ty C
entr
e “M
obilZ
entr
al”,
Gra
z3.
Gui
ded
city
wal
k –
exp
lorin
g G
raz
4. B
icyc
le p
arki
ng fa
cilit
y, G
raz
5. P
ublic
Tra
nsp
ort
in G
raz
6. S
hare
d S
pac
e, G
raz
Son
nenf
elsp
latz
7. B
icyc
le e
xcur
sion
, Bol
zano
3. B
icyc
le e
xcur
sion
, Bol
zano
4. P
artic
ipan
ts o
f the
Site
-Vis
it to
Bol
zano
5. C
yclin
g an
d p
edes
tria
n b
ridge
, Bol
zano
7108
9
35
64
12
4.1
SIT
E V
ISIT
S
5455
RE
PLI
CAT
E T
RA
ININ
G C
OU
RS
ES
5L
on
g-t
erm
use
Wh
ich
tra
inin
g
ma
te
ria
ls a
re
a
va
ila
ble
?
The
set
of
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
co
nsi
sts
of
a r
ead
er/h
an
db
oo
k,
pre
sen
tati
on
s
slid
es,
exce
rcis
es a
nd
vid
eos
for
self
-
lea
rnin
g.
All
mat
eria
ls a
re a
vail
ab
le
as
a m
od
ula
r ve
rsio
n,
foll
ow
ing
th
e
stru
ctu
re o
f o
ur
eig
ht
tra
inin
g t
op
ics.
All
ma
te
ria
ls a
re
av
ail
ab
le i
n
En
gli
sh
an
d e
igh
t o
th
er E
uro
pe
an
lan
gu
ag
es:
Bu
lga
ria
n,
Gre
ek
,
Hu
ng
aria
n,
Ita
lia
n,
Po
rtu
gu
ese
,
Po
lish
, R
om
an
ian
an
d S
pa
nis
h.
Wh
at i
s t
he
co
mp
osit
ion
o
f th
e t
ra
inin
g
ma
te
ria
ls?
Fo
r e
ach
mo
du
le,
a h
an
db
oo
k o
f
30 t
o 6
0 p
ag
es
sum
ma
rize
s th
e
ma
in t
he
ore
tica
l b
ack
gro
un
d a
nd
incl
ud
es
case
stu
die
s a
nd
a l
ist
of
lite
ratu
re f
or
furt
he
r in
form
ati
on
on
th
e t
op
ic.
In a
dd
itio
n,
pre
sen
ta-
tio
n s
lid
es
are
av
ail
ab
le,
serv
ing
as
a c
oll
ect
ion
of
tech
nic
al
kn
ow
led
ge
an
d c
ase
stu
die
s a
nd
als
o i
ncl
ud
e
cou
ntr
y s
pe
cifi
c e
xa
mp
les.
Fo
r
ea
ch t
rain
ing
mo
du
le,
a c
oll
ec-
tio
n o
f ca
. 10
0 s
lid
es
is a
va
ila
ble
.
Ho
w t
o u
se
th
e
tra
inin
g m
ate
ria
ls
in f
acu
ltie
s?
Tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
ca
n b
e in
teg
rate
d
into
lec
ture
s o
r p
roje
ct s
emin
ars
. Th
e
mat
eria
ls g
ive
a q
uic
k o
verv
iew
of
im-
po
rta
nt
tra
nsp
ort
to
pic
s a
nd
ea
sy a
c-
cess
to
go
od
pra
ctic
e ex
am
ple
s. H
ow
-
ever
, th
e m
ater
ials
sh
ou
ld n
ot
be
use
d
“as
they
are
”. I
t is
rec
om
men
ded
th
at
elem
ents
th
at a
re u
sefu
l o
r co
mp
le-
men
tary
be
inco
rpo
rate
d i
nto
ex
isti
ng
mat
eria
ls.
Inte
gra
te
th
e
tra
inin
g m
ate
ria
ls
into
co
urse
s
43 u
niv
ersit
ies a
nd
tra
inin
g o
rg
an
i-
sa
tio
ns
hav
e a
lrea
dy
in
teg
rate
d p
art
s
of
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tra
in-
ing
mat
eria
ls a
nd
/or
are
pro
gra
m-
min
g s
imil
ar
cou
rses
in
th
e co
min
g
mo
nth
s. Th
e m
ater
ials
hav
e b
een
use
d b
y u
niv
ersi
ties
fro
m d
iffer
ent
cou
ntr
ies,
am
on
g o
ther
s A
lba
nia
,
Ser
bia
, R
om
an
ia a
nd
Sp
ain
.
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G m
ater
ials
a
re m
ean
t to
be
tak
en
up
by
un
iver
siti
es,
hig
her
ed
uca
tio
na
l in
stit
uti
on
s a
nd
tra
inin
g p
rovi
der
s!
Foll
ow
th
e ex
am
ple
of
seve
ral
un
iver
siti
es a
nd
tra
in-
ing
pro
vid
ers
an
d i
nte
-g
rate
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G t
rain
ing
m
ater
ials
in
to y
ou
r co
urs
es.
One
cen
tral
out
put o
f TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G is
a s
erie
s of
trai
ning
m
ater
ials
that
has
bee
n de
velo
ped
by in
tern
atio
nal e
xper
ts s
uch
as
univ
ersi
ty le
ctur
ers,
mob
ility
expe
rts
and
othe
r pro
fess
iona
ls. T
he m
a-te
rials
wer
e us
ed in
64
even
ts b
etw
een
2012
and
201
3 an
d w
here
ne
cess
ary,
hav
e be
en m
odifi
ed to
mee
t the
dem
ands
of p
ract
icio
n-er
s an
d fu
ture
tran
spor
t pro
fess
iona
ls in
the
field
of u
rban
tran
spor
t.
The
tra
inin
g p
orta
l
The
tra
inin
g p
ort
al
is a
on
e-s
top
-sh
op
for
tra
nsp
ort
rel
ated
tra
inin
g a
nd
con
sist
s o
f th
ree
elem
ents
:
On
lin
e T
ra
inin
g R
eso
urce
Ce
ntre
–
a d
ata
ba
se t
o d
ow
nlo
ad
tra
nsp
ort
re
-
late
d m
ater
ial
E-l
ea
rn
ing
pla
tfo
rm
–
for
free
on
lin
e se
lf-l
earn
ing
Gu
ide
fo
r r
ep
lica
tio
n –
a g
uid
ebo
ok
co
nta
inin
g p
ract
ica
l ti
ps
for
tho
se w
ho
wis
h t
o r
epli
cate
th
e
tra
inin
g
ww
w.t
ra
nsp
ortle
arn
ing
.ne
t/t
ra
inin
g-m
ate
ria
ls
Ch
eck
ou
t
th
e w
eb
sit
e
for m
ate
ria
ls
an
d r
eso
urce
s!
The
use
of
the
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
is
fre
e o
f ch
arg
e –
just
d
ow
nlo
ad
fro
m t
he
pro
ject
web
site
!
56
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
57
In s
prin
g 20
13, t
wo
repr
esen
tativ
es o
f the
Gov
ern-
men
t of
And
alus
ia t
ook
part
in t
he T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
tra
inin
g on
Wal
king
and
Cyc
ling.
The
y w
ere
very
impr
esse
d by
the
tra
inee
s’ in
tent
ion
to
carr
y ou
t P
ract
ical
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts’
and
dec
ided
to
supp
ort
the
idea
of T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
. In
the
fram
ewor
k of
the
ir pr
ogra
mm
e “L
a ci
udad
am
able
” th
ey im
plem
ente
d ad
ditio
nal t
rain
ing
even
ts in
Spa
in
in N
ovem
ber
2013
with
the
focu
s on
tec
hnic
al
solu
tions
for
ongo
ing
Pra
ctic
al T
rain
ing
Pro
ject
s.
“T
ra
nsp
ort L
ea
rn
ing
ha
s i
nsp
ire
d u
s.”
5 |
RE
PLI
CAT
E T
RA
ININ
G C
OU
RS
ES
TL
: W
ha
t i
s y
ou
r f
ee
db
ack
on
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
? H
ow
did
th
is p
ro
ject i
nfl
ue
nce
“L
a C
iud
ad
Am
ab
le”
(L
ov
ab
le C
ity
In
itia
tiv
e)?
G.
Red
ael
li:
The
pro
gra
mm
e st
art
ed
in t
he
spri
ng
of
2013
, ju
st a
fter
th
ree
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tra
inin
g
even
ts w
ere
carr
ied
ou
t in
An
da
-
lusi
a.
The
tra
inin
g c
oo
rdin
ato
r o
f
the
pro
gra
mm
e a
nd
I a
tten
ded
th
e
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
Cy
clin
g t
rain
ing
an
d w
e
wer
e im
pre
ssed
by
th
e m
ini-
pro
ject
s
deb
ate
led
by
th
e en
thu
sia
stic
gro
up
of
Alm
eria
tra
inee
s. A
t th
at t
ime,
we
wer
e p
lan
nin
g t
he
tra
inin
g a
ctiv
itie
s
sup
po
rtin
g o
ur
ow
n p
rog
ram
me.
We
mu
st s
ay
th
at e
xp
erie
nci
ng
th
e
TL
min
i-p
roje
cts
ince
pti
on
, g
ath
er-
ing
to
get
her
ver
y d
iver
se l
oca
l ex
per
ts
an
d w
ork
ing
in
lo
cal
pro
ject
s, h
as
bee
n a
va
lua
ble
in
spir
atio
n f
or
the
des
ign
of
ou
r tr
ain
ing
to
ur
acr
oss
th
e
eig
ht
ma
in A
nd
alu
sia
n c
itie
s. O
n t
he
oth
er h
an
d,
lik
e T
L,
ou
r in
ten
tio
n
is t
o d
evel
op
urb
an
pro
ject
s w
her
e
the
qu
ali
ty o
f u
rba
n s
pa
ce a
nd
th
e
op
tio
ns
for
act
ive
mo
des
mu
st b
e th
e
key
fo
r cr
eati
ng
vib
ran
t a
nd
act
ive
pla
ces,
an
d f
or
bu
ild
ing
a l
oca
l ec
on
o-
my
ba
sed
in
div
ersi
ty a
nd
pro
xim
ity.
TL
: H
ow
im
po
rta
nt i
s s
usta
in-
ab
le m
ob
ilit
y f
or t
he
se
pro
jects
in o
rd
er t
o b
e f
un
de
d?
G.
Red
ael
li:
This
pro
gra
mm
e w
an
ts t
o
ach
ieve
a d
iffer
ent
ba
lan
ce b
etw
een
the
spa
ce f
or
act
ive
mo
des
an
d t
he
spa
ce d
evo
ted
to
tra
ffic,
bo
th i
n t
he
cen
tre
an
d o
n t
he
per
iph
ery
of
An
-
da
lusi
an
cit
ies.
We
wa
nt
to r
eco
ver
the
ple
asu
re o
f w
alk
ing
, m
eeti
ng
frie
nd
s, a
nd
dev
elo
pin
g a
n a
ctiv
e
life
in
sp
ace
s w
her
e n
atu
re a
nd
th
e
city
’s a
ttra
ctio
ns
sho
uld
be
inte
gra
ted
(tre
es,
sha
de
an
d s
o o
n)
bu
t a
lso
com
mer
ce,
chil
dre
n a
nd
an
act
ive
ou
tdo
or
life
. It
is
imp
ort
an
t fo
r lo
cal
pro
fess
ion
als
(to
o o
ften
tra
ined
du
r-
ing
th
eir
Un
iver
sity
tim
es e
xcl
usi
vely
as
tra
ffic
op
tim
iser
s) t
o g
ain
a d
eep
un
der
sta
nd
ing
of
act
ive
mo
des
:
ho
w t
o d
esig
n,
imp
rove
or
ma
n-
ag
e a
str
eet
as
a m
ult
imo
da
l sp
ace
wh
ere
cycl
ists
, w
alk
ers
or
peo
ple
wh
o
wis
h t
o s
tay
an
d e
njo
y t
he
city
mu
st
use
th
e sp
ace
to
get
her
. F
ocu
s h
as
cha
ng
ed f
rom
a s
pa
ce w
her
e it
s m
ain
role
is
for
cars
to
a s
pa
ce w
her
e th
e
com
mu
nit
y r
eig
ns.
Bu
t th
is c
ha
ng
e
als
o m
ean
s th
e n
eed
fo
r a
diff
eren
t
tech
nic
al
too
lkit
in
urb
an
pro
ject
s:
tip
s to
im
pro
ve w
alk
ab
ilit
y o
r b
ike
-
ab
ilit
y i
n e
xis
tin
g a
nd
new
sp
ace
s,
tra
ffic
calm
ing
mea
sure
s, i
dea
s to
imp
rove
th
e o
utd
oo
r en
viro
nm
ent
seve
ral
mo
nth
s in
th
e ye
ar,
an
d s
o
on
. W
e d
o n
ot
forg
et t
hat
, in
Sp
ain
,
peo
ple
lik
e w
alk
ing
. If
we
com
-
pa
re t
he
mo
da
l sh
ift
of
mo
st o
f th
e
Eu
rop
ean
cit
ies
wit
h t
he
Sp
an
ish
aver
ag
e, i
t is
am
azi
ng
to
see
ho
w
imp
ort
an
t w
alk
ing
is
in o
ur
cou
ntr
y.
TL
: W
ha
t T
L c
ou
rse
wo
uld
ha
ve
be
en
in
te
re
stin
g t
o o
rg
an
ise
in
An
da
lusia
to
cre
ate
so
me
sy
ne
r-
gie
s w
ith
La
Ciu
da
d A
ma
ble
?
G.
Red
ael
li:
We
wo
uld
sa
y t
hat
tho
se m
od
ule
s p
rovi
din
g i
n-d
epth
info
rmat
ion
on
pa
rtic
ipat
ion
an
d
aw
are
nes
s. A
s fa
r a
s w
e k
no
w,
ther
e h
as
bee
n s
om
e T
L t
rain
ing
on
tho
se t
op
ics
in o
ther
Sp
an
ish
cit
-
ies,
an
d p
ub
lic
pa
rtic
ipat
ion
an
d
invo
lvem
ent
wil
l b
e a
no
ther
key
po
int
for
ou
r p
roje
cts
to b
e fu
nd
ed.
TL
: D
o y
ou
kn
ow
if
th
ere
are
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
min
i-
pro
jects t
ha
t h
av
e b
ee
n d
ev
elo
pe
d
as L
a C
iud
ad
Am
ab
le p
ro
po
sa
ls?
G.
Red
ael
li:
I a
m n
ot
sure
bu
t le
t m
e
giv
e yo
u a
n e
xa
mp
le:
the
Alm
eria
TL
tra
inin
g h
as
bee
n f
oll
ow
ed b
y
the
LCA
Jo
urn
eys
an
d w
ork
sho
ps,
an
d b
y t
ech
nic
al
tra
inin
g o
n t
he
Des
ign
of
Cy
cle
Tra
cks.
I a
m s
ure
that
so
me
idea
s a
bo
ut
cycl
ing
, ca
rs
an
d l
ivea
ble
str
eets
hav
e ch
an
ged
aft
er t
his
co
mp
lem
enta
ry t
rain
-
ing
wit
h t
he
sam
e a
pp
roa
ch.
TL
: Th
an
ks a
nd
go
od
lu
ck
wit
h t
his
imp
orta
nt i
nit
iativ
e f
or A
nd
alu
-
sia
n c
itie
s!
Inte
rv
iew
wit
h
Ga
ia R
ED
AE
LL
IG
ener
al
Dir
ecto
r fo
r R
eha
bil
itat
ion
an
d
Arc
hit
ectu
re a
t Ju
nta
de
An
da
lucí
a
The
pro
gra
mm
e “L
a ci
udad
am
able
” is
an
inno
vati
ve in
itia
tive
tha
t su
pp
ort
s ci
ties
w
illin
g t
o d
evel
op
pro
ject
s re
late
d t
o u
rban
sp
ace
and
sus
tain
able
mo
bili
ty. M
ore
tha
n 38
0 m
unic
ipal
itie
s ha
ve jo
ined
the
pro
gra
mm
e an
d a
re n
ow
co
mp
etin
g f
or
reg
iona
l fu
nds
in o
rder
to
dev
elo
p t
heir
init
iati
ves
and
idea
s.
58
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
59
NO
. 2 |
JU
NE
201
2
Dea
r re
ader
,
We
are
hap
py
to p
rese
nt y
ou
the
seco
nd i
ssue
of
our
p
roje
ct’s
e-m
agaz
ine!
Thi
s e-
mag
azin
e p
rovi
des
yo
u an
ins
ight
int
o t
he c
ont
ent
of
each
tra
inin
g m
od
ule.
In
it yo
u ca
n fi n
d o
ut a
bo
ut e
ight
d
iffer
ent
mo
dul
es,
each
co
verin
g a
noth
er s
usta
inab
le u
r-b
an tr
ansp
ort
top
ic. B
e in
spire
d b
y o
ur tr
aini
ng c
our
ses
and
le
arn
how
to
im
ple
men
t su
stai
nab
le t
rans
po
rt m
easu
res
and
po
licie
s in
yo
ur c
ity!
The
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
trai
ning
eve
nts
star
ted
in M
ay
2012
. T
he n
ext
even
ts w
ill t
ake
pla
ce i
n Ju
ne a
nd O
cto
-b
er 2
012.
We
are
hap
py
to w
elco
me
you
as o
ne o
f th
e fi r
st
par
ticip
ants
. Vis
it o
ur w
ebsi
te w
ww
.tra
nsp
ort
lear
ning
.net
to
reg
iste
r o
nlin
e!
Kin
d r
egar
ds,
Your
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
tea
m
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
8 tr
aini
ng m
od
ules
ab
out
sus
tain
able
urb
an
tran
spo
rt m
easu
res
and
po
licie
s
Co
nten
t
Lear
n ab
out
sus
tain
able
mo
bili
ty ..
......
......
......
......
......
....
21.
P
arki
ng s
pac
e m
anag
emen
t,
ac
cess
res
tric
tio
ns a
nd s
pee
d c
ont
rol
......
......
......
.. 3
2.
Mo
bili
ty m
anag
emen
t m
easu
res
for
fam
ilies
,
kind
erg
arte
ns a
nd s
cho
ols
....
......
......
......
......
......
.....
43.
La
nd u
se a
nd h
ous
ing
in m
ob
ility
man
agem
ent
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 5
4.
Pub
lic t
rans
po
rt m
od
els
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 6
5.
Str
eet
des
ign,
str
eets
cap
e
and
tra
ffi c
cal
min
g ..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 7
6.
Wal
king
and
cyc
ling
–
co
unse
lling
mun
icip
alit
ies
.....
......
......
......
......
......
.....
87.
D
esig
n an
d im
ple
men
tati
on
of
su
stai
nab
le m
ob
ility
cam
pai
gns
.....
......
......
......
......
.. 9
8.
Co
mm
unic
atio
n tr
aini
ng .
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
10P
arti
cip
ate
in in
tera
ctiv
e tr
aini
ng e
vent
sTr
aini
ng c
alen
dar
, Tra
inig
ho
sts
.....
......
......
......
......
......
. 11
Co
ntac
ts &
Imp
rint
....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
12
EM
PO
WE
RM
EN
T O
F P
RA
CT
I TIO
NE
RS
TO
AC
HIE
VE
EN
ER
GY
SA
VIN
G I
N U
RB
AN
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
eltis
.org
NO
. 2 |
JU
NE
201
2
Dea
r re
ader
,
We
are
happ
y to
pre
sent
you
the
sec
ond
issu
e of
our
proj
ect’s
e-m
agaz
ine!
This
e-m
agaz
ine
prov
ides
you
an
insi
ght
into
the
con
tent
of e
ach
trai
ning
mod
ule.
In
it yo
u ca
n fi n
d ou
t ab
out
eigh
t
diffe
rent
mod
ules
, ea
ch c
over
ing
anot
her
sust
aina
ble
ur-
ban
tran
spor
t top
ic. B
e in
spire
d by
our
trai
ning
cou
rses
and
lear
n ho
w t
o im
plem
ent
sust
aina
ble
tran
spor
t m
easu
res
and
polic
ies
in y
our
city
!
The
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
trai
ning
eve
nts
star
ted
in M
ay
2012
. Th
e ne
xt e
vent
s w
ill t
ake
plac
e in
Jun
e an
d O
cto-
ber
2012
. We
are
happ
y to
wel
com
e yo
u as
one
of t
he fi
rst
part
icip
ants
. Vis
it ou
r web
site
ww
w.t
rans
port
lear
ning
.net
to
regi
ster
onl
ine!
Kin
d re
gard
s,
Your
TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G t
eam
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
8 tr
aini
ng m
odul
es
abou
t su
stai
nabl
e ur
ban
tran
spor
t m
easu
res
and
polic
ies
Con
tent
Lear
n ab
out
sust
aina
ble
mob
ility
.....
......
......
......
......
......
. 2
1.
Par
king
spa
ce m
anag
emen
t,
ac
cess
res
tric
tions
and
spe
ed c
ontr
ol .
......
......
......
. 3
2.
Mob
ility
man
agem
ent
mea
sure
s fo
r fa
mili
es,
ki
nder
gart
ens
and
scho
ols
.....
......
......
......
......
......
....
4
3.
Land
use
and
hou
sing
in
mob
ility
man
agem
ent
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 5
4.
Pub
lic t
rans
port
mod
els
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 6
5.
Str
eet
desi
gn, s
tree
tsca
pe
an
d tr
affi c
cal
min
g ...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.. 7
6.
Wal
king
and
cyc
ling
–
co
unse
lling
mun
icip
aliti
es .
......
......
......
......
......
......
... 8
7.
Des
ign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
su
stai
nabl
e m
obili
ty c
ampa
igns
.....
......
......
......
......
.. 9
8.
Com
mun
icat
ion
trai
ning
....
......
......
......
......
......
......
. 10
Par
ticip
ate
in in
tera
ctiv
e tr
aini
ng e
vent
s
Trai
ning
cal
enda
r, Tr
aini
g ho
sts
.....
......
......
......
......
......
. 11
Con
tact
s &
Impr
int
.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....
12
EM
PO
WE
RM
EN
T O
F P
RA
CT
ITIO
NE
RS
TO
AC
HIE
VE
EN
ER
GY
SA
VIN
G I
N U
RB
AN
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
eltis
.org
NO
. 3 |
DE
CE
MB
ER
201
2
Dea
r re
ader
,
Ene
rgy
savi
ngs,
a m
ore
sust
aina
ble
life
styl
e an
d a
bet
ter
qua
lity
of l
ife a
re b
ecom
ing
incr
easi
ngly
mor
e im
por
tant
.
Tran
spor
t ca
n m
ake
a b
ig c
ontr
ibut
ion
to m
eet
thes
e go
als
and
to e
nsur
e th
e at
trac
tiven
ess
of o
ur c
ities
as
pla
ces
wor
th
livin
g, t
oday
and
tom
orro
w.
The
que
stio
n is
no
long
er if
we
shou
ld s
tren
gthe
n su
stai
nab
le m
odes
of
tran
spor
t, b
ut h
ow
to d
o so
. TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G s
tart
s at
tha
t p
oint
and
orga
nise
s fr
ee t
rain
ing
even
ts f
or e
mp
loye
es o
f m
unic
ipal
i-
ties
and
ene
rgy
agen
cies
. 32
trai
ning
eve
nts
wer
e ru
n in
201
2
and
we
are
hap
py
to in
form
you
ab
out
the
outp
uts
of t
hese
even
ts.
In t
his
e-m
agaz
ine
you
can
lear
n fr
om f
orm
er t
rain
-
ees
and
the
ir ex
per
ienc
es in
par
ticip
atin
g in
tra
inin
g ev
ents
.
Kin
d r
egar
ds,
Your
TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G t
eam
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
Exp
erie
nces
fro
m
trai
ning
eve
nts
in 2
012
Co
nten
t
Exp
erie
nces
ab
out
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
....
......
......
. 2
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
in a
ctio
n ..
......
......
......
......
......
.. 4
Imp
ress
ions
of
trai
ning
eve
nts
in 2
012
.....
......
......
......
....
5
Imp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f m
ini-
pro
ject
s ...
......
......
......
......
......
....
7
Exa
mp
les
of
min
i-p
roje
cts
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
8
Trai
ning
cal
end
ar J
anua
ry 2
013
.....
......
......
......
......
......
. 11
Co
ntac
ts &
Imp
rint
....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
12
EM
PO
WE
RM
EN
T O
F P
RA
CT
ITIO
NE
RS
TO
AC
HIE
VE
EN
ER
GY
SA
VIN
G I
N U
RB
AN
TR
AN
SP
OR
TV
isit
ww
w.t
rans
po
rtle
arni
ng.n
et a
nd
reg
iste
r fo
r th
e up
com
ing
tra
inin
g e
vent
s
in J
anua
ry a
nd A
pri
l 201
3!
TR
AIN
ING
EV
EN
TS
PR
AC
TIC
AL
TR
AIN
ING
P
RO
JEC
TS
LON
G-T
ER
M U
SE
OF
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
T
RA
ININ
G
SIT
E-V
ISIT
SC
OM
MU
NIC
AT
ION
AN
D
DIS
SE
MIN
AT
ION
EN
ER
GY
SA
VIN
GS
/
CO
NT
RIB
UT
ION
TO
A
BE
TT
ER
EN
VIR
ON
ME
NT
Th
ou
sa
nd
s o
f sm
all
ste
ps
for m
ajo
r c
ha
ng
es!
6FA
CTS
& F
IGU
RE
S
Qu
an
tit
ativ
e
• B
etw
een
May
20
12 a
nd
Ap
ril 2
013
,
64
tra
inin
g e
ven
ts i
n e
igh
t E
uro
-
pea
n c
ou
ntr
ies
wer
e su
cces
sfu
lly
carr
ied
ou
t
•
29
90
per
son
s re
gis
tere
d f
or
the
tra
inin
g e
ven
ts,
dem
on
stra
tin
g
very
hig
h i
nte
rest
in
th
e tr
ain
-
ing
co
urs
es
• W
ith
its
tra
inin
g e
ven
ts,
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
ha
s d
i-
rect
ly r
each
ed 1
14
9 p
art
icip
an
ts
• O
n a
vera
ge,
on
e tr
ain
ee v
isit
ed
1,6
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
s
•
86
% o
f a
ll t
rain
ees
rate
d t
he
tra
inin
g q
ua
lity
as
“go
od
” o
r
“ex
cell
ent”
•
370
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
wer
e p
lan
ned
(T
rain
ees
set
up
an
act
ion
pla
n)
•
29
8 c
erti
fi ca
tes
wer
e a
wa
rded
to t
rain
ees
for
thei
r su
cces
sul
pa
rtic
ipat
ion
in
on
e o
r m
ore
tra
inin
g m
od
ule
s a
nd
th
eir
fol-
low
ing
im
ple
men
tati
on
of
a
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
ct
•
71 P
ract
ica
l T
rain
ing
Pro
ject
s
wer
e su
cces
sfu
lly
ca
rrie
d o
ut
an
d e
valu
ated
po
siti
vely
•
8 v
ery
in
no
vati
ve a
nd
ou
tsta
nd
-
ing
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
wer
e a
wa
rded
•
43 u
niv
ersi
ties
an
d t
rain
ing
org
an
isat
ion
s h
ave
inte
gra
ted
mo
du
les
of
the
tra
inin
g p
art
s
an
d/o
r a
re p
rog
ram
min
g
sim
ila
r co
urs
es i
n t
he
com
ing
mo
nth
s
•
4 s
ite
-vis
its
wer
e co
nd
uct
ed,
in-
volv
ing
73
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
fro
m
8 E
uro
pea
n c
ou
ntr
ies
•
2,6
77 k
m i
s th
e lo
ng
est
dis
tan
ce
trav
elle
d t
o t
ak
e p
art
in
th
e G
raz
site
-vis
it (
fro
m M
aia
, P
ort
ug
al
to G
raz,
Au
stri
a)
•
8 k
m w
as
the
len
gth
of
the
cy-
clin
g e
xcu
rsio
n d
uri
ng
th
e si
te-
visi
t in
Bo
lza
no
• S
ince
its
la
un
ch i
n 2
011
, th
e
web
site
ha
s b
een
vis
ied
by
31,0
11 u
sers
•
431,2
66
sta
keh
old
ers
rea
ched
by
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
pro
mo
-
tio
na
l a
ctiv
itie
s
• Th
e
e-M
ag
azi
nes
wer
e d
ow
n-
loa
ded
10
.50
0 t
imes
• Th
e
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
wer
e
do
wn
loa
ded
9,5
70
tim
es
• Th
ro
ug
h s
oci
al
med
ia,
TR
AN
S-
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G r
each
ed o
ut
to
319
Fa
ceb
oo
k l
ikes
an
d 1
07
fo
l-
low
ers
on
Tw
itte
r
• B
y m
ean
s o
f T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G,
the
aver
ag
e co
n-
sum
pti
on
of
fuel
dec
rea
sed
in
the
tra
inin
g r
egio
ns
by
XY
%.
In t
ota
l, a
bo
ut
2.3
– 6
.0 m
io.
litre
s o
f fu
el w
ere
save
d
• Th
is
fu
el s
avin
g c
orr
esp
on
ds
to a
rou
nd
5,5
00
– 1
4,5
00
t C
O2
that
ha
s b
een
avo
ided
.
© iS
tock
.com
/Car
pat
hian
Prin
ce
60
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
61
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
is a
Eur
opea
n pr
ojec
t (2
011–
2013
) tha
t w
as d
esig
ned
to s
uppo
rt p
ract
ition
ers
to d
evel
op b
ette
r so
lutio
ns fo
r ur
ban
tran
spor
t sy
stem
s.
The
mai
n ob
ject
ive
of t
he p
roje
ct is
to
cre
ate
know
ledg
e an
d ca
paci
ty
on s
usta
inab
le t
rans
port
pol
icie
s an
d m
easu
res
in m
unic
ipal
ities
of E
urop
e’s
conv
erge
nce
regi
ons.
Th
e h
isto
ry
o
f T
RA
NS
PO
RT
L
EA
RN
ING
The
pro
pos
al T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
reac
hes
the
offi c
e of
EA
CI i
n B
russ
els
(The
Exe
cutiv
e A
genc
y fo
r C
omp
etiv
e-
ness
and
Inno
vatio
n (E
AC
I) is
the
Age
n-
cy r
esp
onsi
ble
for
man
agin
g al
l pro
ject
s
that
are
fund
ed in
the
pro
gram
me
of
Inte
llige
nt E
nerg
y E
urop
e –
IEE
)
05/1
1
04/1
2
05/1
2
04/1
3
Firs
t ha
lf of
all
trai
ning
ev
ents
rea
ched
Fotos: Südtirol Marketing / Graz Tourismus
05/1
3
08/1
3
09/1
3
11/1
3
2010
2011
20 1
220
1320
14
Follo
w t
he e
xam
ple
of s
ever
al c
ities
and
trai
ning
org
anis
atio
ns a
nd r
eplic
ate
a
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
tra
inin
g! O
ur
trai
ning
mat
eria
ls a
re fr
ee o
f cha
rge
– ju
st
dow
nloa
d fr
om w
ww
.tra
nsp
ortle
arni
ng.n
et
The
8 m
ost
outs
tand
ing
Pra
ctic
ial T
rain
ing
Pro
ject
s
wer
e aw
ard
ed p
rizes
.
Sec
ond
rou
nd o
f Site
-Vis
its t
o B
ol-
zano
and
Gra
z. In
tot
al, 7
3 p
erso
ns
par
ticip
ated
in s
tud
ies
on s
usta
in-
able
mob
ility
pol
icie
s.
The
last
cer
tifi c
ate
was
han
ded
ove
r to
[nam
e].
With
in t
he p
roje
ct li
fetim
e, 7
1 “m
ini-
pro
ject
s” a
nd
178
trai
nees
wer
e ce
rtifi
ed fo
r th
eir
succ
essf
ul
imp
lem
enta
tion
of P
ract
ical
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts.
Laun
ch o
f the
Tra
inin
g P
orta
l, in
clud
ing
e-le
arni
ng
pla
tfor
m, O
nlin
e Tr
aini
ng R
esou
rce
Cen
tre
and
Inte
ract
ive
Gui
de.
The
fi nal
mee
ting
took
pla
ce in
Gra
z, A
ustr
ia.
The
last
tra
inin
g ev
ent
took
pla
ce in
Ap
ril 2
013.
114
9
par
ticip
ants
wer
e tr
aine
d,
rep
rese
ntin
g m
ainl
y lo
cal
auth
oriti
es, m
inis
trie
s,
NG
Os
and
PT
oper
ator
s.
Kic
k-O
ff ev
ent
in D
resd
en,
Ger
man
y. T
his
was
the
sta
rt
of t
he 3
2 m
onth
pro
ject
.
A s
et o
f tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
,
cove
ring
8 d
iffer
ent
top
ics,
is fi
nish
ed!
Sta
rt o
f a s
erie
s of
64
trai
ning
even
ts in
8 E
urop
ean
coun
trie
s.
Plac
e, D
ate
Prof
. Dr.
Udo
Bec
ker
(Coo
rdin
ator
)
Firs
t ro
und
of S
ite-V
isits
to
Bol
zano
(IT)
and
Gra
z (A
T)
6 |
FA
CT
S &
FIG
UR
ES
12/1
2
Kic
k-of
f for
Pra
ctic
al
Trai
ning
Pro
ject
s, t
he
fi rst
pro
ject
sta
rted
its
imp
lem
enta
tion.
62
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
63
7LE
SS
ON
S L
EA
RN
ED
Co
nclu
sio
n
Sit
e-V
isit
s a
re
hig
hly
a
pp
reci
ate
d
am
on
g t
rain
ing
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
as
they
pro
vid
e a
fi r
st-h
an
d e
xp
erie
nce
of
bes
t-p
ract
ices
in
th
e fi
eld
of
sust
ain
-
ab
le u
rba
n t
ran
spo
rt.
A s
ucc
essf
ul
pro
gra
mm
e
incl
ud
ed
: e
xcu
rsio
ns,
gu
ide
d
wa
lkin
g
tou
rs,
me
eti
ng
s
wit
h p
oli
tici
an
s a
nd
im
ple
men
ters
a m
ix o
f te
chn
ica
l le
ctu
res
an
d g
oo
d
pra
ctic
e ex
am
ple
s. Th
is
va
ried
pro
-
gra
mm
e a
nd
a h
igh
qu
ali
ty o
rga
nis
a-
tio
n e
nsu
red
th
at t
he
Sit
e-V
isit
s w
ere
a s
ucc
essf
ul
exp
erie
nce
fo
r b
oth
, p
ar-
tici
pa
nts
an
d h
ost
s.
Lin
k S
ite
-Vis
its
to a
pa
rtic
ula
r th
eme
of
a t
rain
ing
eve
nt.
Ba
sed
on
th
e ex
-
per
ien
ce g
ath
ered
fro
m T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LE
AR
NIN
G t
he
du
rati
on
of
a t
rain
ing
sho
uld
be
incr
ease
d t
o t
hre
e d
ay
s a
nd
inco
rpo
rate
a s
ite
-vis
it.
It i
s d
efi n
itel
y b
enefi
cia
l to
hav
e tw
o
tra
iner
s –
on
e in
tern
atio
na
l m
ob
ilit
y
exp
ert
an
d o
ne
nat
ion
al
co-t
rain
er.
It i
s a
lso
rec
om
men
ded
to
per
form
tra
inin
gs
in t
he
nat
ion
al
lan
gu
ag
e.
In a
dd
itio
n,
it s
eem
s th
at a
nat
ion
al
co-t
rain
er w
ith
a t
ho
rou
gh
kn
ow
l-
edg
e o
f th
e lo
cal
situ
atio
n c
an
rel
ate
bet
ter
to t
he
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
. Th
e
inte
r-
nat
ion
al
tra
iner
, o
n t
he
oth
er h
an
d,
wil
l pro
vid
e a
fre
sh a
nd
diff
ere
nt
per
-
spec
tive
.
Tw
o t
rain
ers
ma
ke
it m
ore
in
tere
st-
ing
an
d e
nte
rta
inin
g a
s tr
ain
ees
do
n’t
hav
e to
lis
ten
to
th
e sa
me
per
son
all
da
y l
on
g.
In a
dd
itio
n,
ther
e is
tim
e
for
ind
ivid
ua
l su
pp
ort
an
d g
uid
an
ce.
A
key
m
essa
ge
fro
m
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G i
s th
at
succ
essf
ul
tra
in-
ing
s n
eed
to
ad
dre
ss t
he
loca
l a
nd
nat
ion
al
con
dit
ion
s a
s a
ccu
rate
ly a
s
po
ssib
le a
nd
nat
ion
al/
loca
l ex
am
ple
s
sho
uld
be
use
d d
uri
ng
th
e tr
ain
ing
to
stim
ula
te t
he
dis
cuss
ion
.
Als
o, i
ncl
ud
e “
bes
t p
ract
ice”
ex
am
-
ple
s th
at
are
ach
ieva
ble
wit
hin
th
e
loca
l si
tua
tio
n,
oth
erw
ise
it m
igh
t
be
dem
oti
vati
ng
“S
eco
nd
-bes
t-ex
am
-
ple
s” t
ak
e a
wa
y d
ou
bts
of
nev
er b
ein
g
ab
le t
o r
each
th
e g
oa
ls.
Des
ign
ing
th
e tr
ain
ing
co
nte
nt
wit
h
the
inte
rest
s a
nd
kn
ow
-ho
w l
evel
of
tra
inee
s in
min
d i
s cr
uci
al
for
a s
uc-
cess
ful
tra
inin
g.
Ma
ke
sure
th
ere
is
eno
ug
h t
ime
for
tra
inee
s to
sh
are
ex-
per
ien
ces,
in
tro
du
ce t
hei
r o
wn
id
eas
an
d d
iscu
ss a
ctio
ns.
So
me
tra
inee
s
are
use
d t
o e
x-ca
thed
ra t
rain
ing
. It
is
cru
cia
l to
mo
tiva
te t
ho
se t
rain
ees
to
pa
rtic
ipat
e a
ctiv
ely.
Dis
cuss
ion
s ca
n
be
stim
ula
ted
by
dir
ectl
y a
dd
ress
ing
pa
rtic
ipa
nts
an
d a
skin
g t
hem
ab
ou
t
thei
r n
atio
na
l ex
per
ien
ces.
Ex
erci
ses
that
in
volv
ed r
ole
pla
y a
nd
stim
ula
ted
cre
ativ
ity
wer
e a
fav
ou
rite
am
on
g p
art
icip
an
ts.
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g
Pro
ject
s (P
TP
s)
wer
e re
cog
niz
ed b
y t
rain
ees
as
use
ful
too
ls t
o c
on
soli
da
te t
he
kn
ow
led
ge
ga
ined
fro
m t
he
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
-
ING
tra
inin
g.
Ben
efi t
s o
f P
TP
s w
ere
iden
tifi
ed a
s th
e a
bil
ity
to
sh
are
ex-
per
ien
ces,
net
wo
rk a
nd
lea
rn a
bo
ut
new
to
pic
s.
Th
e P
TP
s ch
ose
n
for
imp
lem
enta
-
tio
n h
ave
to b
e re
ali
stic
in
rel
atio
n t
o
exis
tin
g fi
na
nci
al
an
d p
erso
nn
el r
e-
sou
rces
. P
TP
s sh
ou
ld b
e sm
all
in s
cale
an
d i
nte
gra
te t
rain
ees‘
pro
fess
ion
al
act
ivit
ies
as
mu
ch a
s p
oss
ible
. S
om
e
of
the
pro
ject
s w
ere
too
am
bit
iou
s.
Pro
vid
ing
pri
zes
for
the
bes
t P
ract
i-
cal
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
(fre
e S
ite
-Vis
it
to G
raz
or
Bo
lza
no
or
pa
rtic
ipa
tio
n
at a
n i
nte
rnat
ion
al
tra
nsp
ort
co
nfe
r-
ence
) p
rove
d t
o b
e a
n i
nsp
irin
g a
nd
eff e
ctiv
e w
ay
to
sti
mu
late
tra
inee
s to
fi n
ali
se t
hei
r tr
ain
ing
pro
ject
s.
A f
urt
her
im
pro
vem
ent
mig
ht
be
to
aw
ard
a s
ma
ll fi
na
nci
al
con
trib
uti
on
for
Pra
ctic
al
Tra
inin
g P
roje
cts
tha
t
are
ch
ose
n d
ue
to t
hei
r in
no
vati
ve
ap
pro
ach
an
d t
hei
r h
igh
im
ple
men
-
tati
on
po
ten
tia
l.
Th
e p
art
icu
lar
targ
et g
rou
ps
of
the
TR
AN
SP
OR
T
LE
AR
NIN
G
tra
inin
g
even
ts
wer
e m
un
icip
al
emp
loy
ees
an
d r
epre
sen
tati
ves
of
ener
gy
ag
en-
cies
. T
wo
en
erg
y a
gen
cies
wer
e p
art
of
the
pro
ject
co
nso
rtiu
m a
nd
pro
-
mo
ted
th
e tr
ain
ing
wit
hin
th
eir
pro
-
fess
ion
al n
etw
ork
. H
ow
ever
, o
nly
few
rep
rese
nta
tive
s o
f en
erg
y a
gen
cies
reg
iste
red
or
atte
nd
ed t
he
tra
inin
g.
Co
nd
uct
th
e tr
ain
ing
eve
nts
at
a lo
ca-
tio
n t
hat
is
easi
ly a
cces
sib
le f
or
bo
th,
tra
iner
s a
nd
tra
inee
s.
Trai
ning
eve
nts
on t
opic
s re
late
d to
sus
tain
able
tra
nspo
rt
fi nd
an e
nthu
sias
tic a
udie
nce
in t
he E
U’s
con
verg
ence
re
gion
s. B
ased
on
the
expe
rienc
e ga
ther
ed fr
om t
he
trai
ning
eve
nts
carr
ied
out
durin
g th
e TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G p
roje
ct, a
set
of r
ecom
men
datio
ns
on h
ow t
o fu
rthe
r im
prov
e th
e qu
ality
of
the
trai
ning
are
des
crib
ed b
elow
.
Se
ein
g i
sb
ette
r t
ha
n
he
arin
g!
Brin
gin
lo
ca
lre
fere
nce
!
Be
re
ali
stic
!
Le
t
tra
ine
es
inte
ra
ct!
Esta
bli
sh
a t
ra
ine
r-
te
am
!
Stim
ula
te
an
d m
otiv
ate
tra
ine
es!
Ch
oo
se
th
e r
igh
t
pla
ce
!
Ad
dre
ss
th
e r
igh
tta
rg
et
gro
up
s!
64
TR
AN
SP
OR
T L
EA
RN
ING
65
Co
ori
nat
or
TE
CH
NIS
CH
E U
NIV
ER
SIT
ÄT
DR
ES
DE
NP
rof.
Ud
o B
ecke
rb
ecke
r@ve
rkeh
rsoe
kolo
gie.
de
ww
w.t
u-d
resd
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Pa
rtn
ers
ED
INB
UR
GH
NA
PIE
R U
NIV
ER
SIT
YD
r. M
icha
el C
arre
noM
.Car
reno
@na
pie
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ukw
ww
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c.uk
UN
IVE
RS
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OF P
IRA
EU
S R
ES
EA
RC
H C
EN
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RP
rof.
Str
atos
Pap
adim
itrio
ust
rato
s.p
apad
imitr
iou@
gmai
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ww
w.u
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TH
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FO
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ION
Oct
avia
Ste
pan
octa
via.
step
an@
atu.
org.
roht
tp:/
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tu.o
rg.r
o
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
OF M
AR
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CU
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OF C
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UN
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OF Z
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usov
a@fp
edas
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kw
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LU
ND
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
Tom
Rye
Tom
.Rye
@tf
t.lth
.se
ww
w.lu
ndun
iver
sity
.lu.s
e
DE
CIS
ION
DY
NA
MIC
SIo
anni
s G
. Kol
ious
isig
k@e-
kolio
usis
.gr
ww
w.d
ecis
iond
yn.c
om
Co
nta
ct
Imp
rin
tP
UB
LIS
HE
RA
ustr
ian
Mob
ility
Res
earc
h –
FGM
-A
MO
R, l
ead
er r
esp
onsi
ble
for
com
mu-
nica
tion
and
dis
sem
inat
ion
with
in t
he
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
pro
ject
AU
TH
OR
SA
ll TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G p
artn
ers
CO
NC
EP
T &
GR
AP
HIC
DE
SIG
NFG
M-A
MO
R
SO
UR
CE
SFi
gure
s an
d v
alue
s p
rovi
ded
are
bas
ed
on t
he o
utco
mes
of t
he T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
pro
ject
, rep
orte
d b
y th
e TR
AN
SP
OR
T LE
AR
NIN
G p
artn
ers.
P
hoto
s: A
ll p
hoto
s ar
e p
rovi
ded
by
the
TRA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
pro
ject
p
artn
ers
unle
ss o
ther
wis
e no
ted
. Cov
er
pho
to: w
ww
.elti
s.or
g
LE
GA
L D
ISC
LA
IME
RTh
e so
le r
esp
onsi
bili
ty fo
r th
e co
nten
t of
thi
s p
ublic
atio
n lie
s w
ith t
he a
utho
rs.
It d
oes
not
nece
ssar
ily r
eflec
t th
e op
ini-
on o
f the
Eur
opea
n U
nion
. Nei
ther
the
E
AC
I nor
the
Eur
opea
n C
omm
issi
on
are
resp
onsi
ble
for
any
use
that
may
b
e m
ade
of t
he in
form
atio
n co
ntai
ned
th
erei
n.
CO
PY
RIG
HT
Aus
tria
n M
obili
ty R
esea
rch,
on
beh
alf
of t
he T
RA
NS
PO
RT
LEA
RN
ING
con
-so
rtiu
m
Prin
ted
in A
ustr
ia, D
ecem
ber
201
3
66