Download - Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
1/21
1. Consider the composition of the species W, X, Y and Z below. Which species is an anion?
Species Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons
W 9 10 10
X 11 12 11
Y 12 12 12
Z 13 1 10
!. W
". X
C. Y
#. Z(Total 1 mark)
2. $ner%& le'els for an electron in a h&dro%en atom are
!. e'enl& spaced.
". farther apart near the n(cle(s.
C. closer to%ether near the n(cle(s.
#. arran%ed randoml&.(Total 1 mark)
3. What is the correct n(mber of each particle in a fl(oride ion,19
)*
?
protons neutrons electrons
!. 9 10 +
". 9 10 9
C. 9 10 10
#. 9 19 10
(Total 1 mark)
1
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
2/21
4. Which statement is correct for the emission spectr(m of the h&dro%en atom?
!. he lines con'er%e at lower ener%ies.
". he lines are prod(ced when electrons mo'e from lower to hi%her ener%& le'els.
C. he lines in the 'isible re%ion in'ol'e electron transitions into the ener%& le'el closest to
the n(cle(s.
#. he line correspondin% to the %reatest emission of ener%& is in the (ltra'iolet re%ion.(Total 1 mark)
5. What is the correct se-(ence for the processes occ(rrin% in a mass spectrometer?
!. 'aporiation, ioniation, acceleration, deflection
". 'aporiation, acceleration, ioniation, deflection
C. ioniation, 'aporiation, acceleration, deflection
#. ioniation, 'aporiation, deflection, acceleration(Total 1 mark)
6. /ow man& 'alence electrons are present in an atom of an element with atomic n(mber 1?
!. 2
".
C.
#. +(Total 1 mark)
2
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
3/21
7. /ow man& protons, ne(trons and electrons are there in the species2
%2
?
Proto
n
s
Neutronslectron
s
!. 10 1 12
". 12 1 10
C. 12 2 10
#. 1 12 12
(Total 1 mark)
!. ! certain sample of elementZcontains 0 of 9Zand 0 of 41Z. What is the relati'e atomic
mass of elementZin this sample?
!. 9.2
". 9.+
C. 40.0
#. 40.2(Total 1 mark)
". What is the difference between two ne(tral atoms represented b& the s&mbols 2459
Co and 2+59
6i?
!. he n(mber of ne(trons onl&.
". he n(mber of protons and electrons onl&.
C. he n(mber of protons and ne(trons onl&.
#. he n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons.(Total 1 mark)
3
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
4/21
1#. ! certain sample of elementZcontains 0 of9Zand 0 of
41Z. What is the relati'e atomic
mass of elementZin this sample?
!. 9.2
". 9.+
C. 40.0
#. 40.2(Total 1 mark)
11. Which ion wo(ld (nder%o the %reatest deflection in a mass spectrometer?
!.1
7
".1
72
C.1+
72
#. 81
71+
7
(Total 1 mark)
12. /ow man& electrons are there in one22
12 % ion?
!. 10
". 12
C. 1
#. 22 (Total 1 mark)
4
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
5/21
13. he electron arran%ement of sodi(m is 2.+.1. /ow man& occ(pied main electron ener%& le'els
are there in an atom of sodi(m?
!. 1
". 3
C. 10
#. 11(Total 1 mark)
14. :nformation is %i'en abo(t fo(r different atoms;
atom ne(trons protons
W 22 1+
X 1+ 20
Y 22 1
Z 20 1+
Which t$oatoms are isotopes?
!. W and Y
". W and Z
C. X and Z
#. X and Y(Total 1 mark)
15. Which statement is correct abo(t a line emission spectr(m?
!. $lectrons absorb ener%& as the& mo'e from low to hi%h ener%& le'els.
". $lectrons absorb ener%& as the& mo'e from hi%h to low ener%& le'els.
C. $lectrons release ener%& as the& mo'e from low to hi%h ener%& le'els.
#. $lectrons release ener%& as the& mo'e from hi%h to low ener%& le'els.(Total 1 mark)
16. Which properties are t&pical of most non
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
6/21
:. he& form ions b& %ainin% one or more electrons.
::. he& are poor cond(ctors of heat and electricit&.
:::. he& ha'e hi%h meltin% points.
!. : and :: onl&
". : and ::: onl&
C. :: and ::: onl&
#. :, :: and :::(Total 1 mark)
17. /ow man& ne(trons are there in the ion 1+72*?
!. +
". 10
C. 1
#. 20(Total 1 mark)
1!. What is the electron arran%ement of silicon?
!. 2.
". 2.+
C. 2.+.
#. 2.+.+
(Total 1 mark)
6
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
7/21
1". What is the p(rpose of the beam of hi%h ener%& electrons (sed in a mass spectrometer?
!. o ionie atoms
". o accelerate ions
C. o deflect ions
#. o detect ions(Total 1 mark)
2#. Which statement is correct abo(t the isotopes of an element?
!. he& ha'e the same mass n(mber
". he& ha'e the same electron arran%ement
C. he& ha'e more protons than ne(trons
#. he& ha'e the same n(mbers of protons and ne(trons(Total 1 mark)
21. What is the difference between two ne(tral atoms represented b& the s&mbols210
84=o and210
85!t?
!. he n(mber of ne(trons onl&.
". he n(mber of protons and electrons onl&.
C. he n(mber of protons and ne(trons onl&.
#. he n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons.(Total 1 mark)
7
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
8/21
22. Which statements are correct for the emission spectr(m of the h&dro%en atom?
:. he lines con'er%e at lower ener%ies.
::. $lectron transition to n >1 are responsible for lines in the @ re%ion.
:::. Aines are prod(ced when electrons mo'e from hi%her to lower ener%& le'els.
!. : and :: onl&
". : and ::: onl&
C. :: and ::: onl&
#. :, :: and :::(Total 1 mark)
23. What is the s&mbol for a species that contains 15 protons, 1 ne(trons and 1+ electrons?
!. B31
1
".331
1B
C.
=31
15
#.331
15=
(Total 1 mark)
24. What is the electron arran%ement of an !l3
ion?
!. 2, +
". 2, 3
C. 2, +, 3
#. 2, +, +(Total 1 mark)
8
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
9/21
25. Which species has 5 electrons and 52 protons?
!.212+
52e
".+2132
5Xe
C.2132
5Xe
#.+212+
52e
(Total 1 mark)
26. What is the correct se-(ence for the processes occ(rrin% in a mass spectrometer?
!. 'aporiation, ioniation, acceleration, deflection
". 'aporiation, acceleration, ioniation, deflection
C. ioniation, 'aporiation, acceleration, deflection
#. ioniation, 'aporiation, deflection, acceleration(Total 1 mark)
27. he dia%ram below 8not to scale represents some of the electron ener%& le'els in the h&dro%en
atom.
n >
n >
n > 5
n >
n > 3
n > 2
n > l
8i #raw an arrow on the dia%ram to represent the electron transition for the ioniation
of h&dro%en. Aabel this arrow !.(2)
9
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
10/21
8ii #raw an arrow on the dia%ram to represent the lowest ener%& transition in the
'isible emission spectr(m. Aabel this arrow ".(2)
(Total 4 marks)
2!. riti(m,,
3
1 , is an isotope of h&dro%en.
8i Btate the n(mber and t&pe of s(b
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
11/21
2". 6itro%en is fo(nd in period 2 and %ro(p 5 of the periodic table.
8i #istin%(ish between the termsperiodandgroup.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD(1)
8ii Btate the electron arran%ement of nitro%en and eEplain wh& it is fo(nd in period 2 and
%ro(p 5 of the periodic table.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD(3)
(Total 4 marks)
3#. Btate the n(mber of protons, electrons and ne(trons in the ion 4
15
63*.DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
(Total 2 marks)
11
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
12/21
31. ! sample of %ermani(m is anal&sed in a mass spectrometer. he first and last processes in mass
spectrometr& are 'aporiation and detection.
8a 8i Btate the names of the other three processes in the order in which the& occ(r in a
mass spectrometer.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................(2)
8ii )or each of the processes named in 8a 8i, o(tline how the process occ(rs.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................(3)
12
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
13/21
8b he sample of %ermani(m is fo(nd to ha'e the followin% composition;
:sotope 40Fe42
Fe4
Fe4
Fe
Gelati'e ab(ndance H % 22.0 25.5 3.43 15.22
8i #efine the term relative atomic mass.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................(2)
8ii Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of this sample of %ermani(m, %i'in% &o(r
answer to two decimal places.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................(2)
(Total " marks)
32. #efine the followin% terms.
8i atomic number
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(1)
8ii mass number
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(1)
(Total 2 marks)
13
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
14/21
33. Btate the electron arran%ements of the followin% species;
Bi ........................................................................................................................................
=3*
........................................................................................................................................(Total 2 marks)
34. :dentif& the n(mbers of protons, ne(trons and electrons in the species33
B2*
.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................(Total 1 mark)
35. Btate the electron arran%ement for atoms of al(mini(m, nitro%en and fl(orine.(Total 2 marks)
36. he relati'e atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5. Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of the two
isotopes of chlorine,35
Cl and34
Cl in a sample of chlorine %as.(Total 2 marks)
37. 8a #escribe the followin% sta%es in the operation of the mass spectrometer.
8i ioniation(2)
8ii deflection(2)
8iii acceleration(1)
14
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
15/21
8b 8i Btate the meanin% of the term isotopesof an element.(1)
8ii Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of the two isotopes of r(bidi(m+5
Gb and+4
Gb.(2)
8iii Btate t$oph&sical properties that wo(ld differ for each of the r(bidi(m isotopes.(1)
8i' #etermine the f(ll electron confi%(ration of an atom of Bi, an )e3
ion and a =3*
ion.(3)
(Total 12 marks)
3!. 6at(rall& occ(rrin% copper has a relati'e atomic mass, 8Ar, of 3.55 and consists of two
isotopes3
C( and5
C(.
8i #efine the term relative atomic mass,Ar.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
8ii Btate and eEplain which is the more ab(ndant isotope.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(1)
(Total 2 marks)
15
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
16/21
3". he element 'anadi(m has two isotopes,@5023 and @,
51
23 and a relati'e atomic mass of 50.9.
8a #efine the term isotope.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.(1)
8b Btate the n(mber of protons, electrons and ne(trons in @.50
23
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.(2)
8c Btate and eEplain which is the more ab(ndant isotope.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.(1)
8d Btate the name and the mass n(mber of the isotope relati'e to which all atomic masses
are meas(red.
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.(1)
(Total 5 marks)
16
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
17/21
4#. 8a Btate a ph&sical propert& that is different for isotopes of an element.
.....................................................................................................................................(1)
8b Chlorine eEists as two isotopes, 35Cl and 34Cl. he relati'e atomic mass of chlorine is35.5. Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of each isotope.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................(2)
(Total 3 marks)
41. 8a #efine the term isotope.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
8b ! sample of ar%on eEists as a miEt(re of three isotopes.
mass n(mber 3, relati'e ab(ndance 0.334
mass n(mber 3+, relati'e ab(ndance 0.030
mass n(mber 0, relati'e ab(ndance 99.
Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of ar%on.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................(2)
17
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
18/21
8c Btate the n(mber of electrons, protons and ne(trons in the ion5
)e3
.
electrons; ............................. protons; ............................. ne(trons; ...........................(2)
(Total 6 marks)
42. 8a #efine the term isotope.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
8b ! sample of %alli(m eEists as two isotopes,9
Fa, relati'e ab(ndance 1.2, and41
Fa,
relati'e ab(ndance 3+.+. Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of %alli(m.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................(1)
(Total 3 marks)
43. 8a $'idence for the eEistence of ener%& le'els in atoms is pro'ided b& line spectra.
Btate how a line spectr(m differs from a contin(o(s spectr(m.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................(1)
8b 7n the dia%ram below draw fourlines in the 'isible line spectr(m of h&dro%en.(1)
A o w e n e r % & / i % h e n e r % &
18
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
19/21
8c $Eplain how the formation of lines indicates the presence of ener%& le'els.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)(Total 3 marks)
44. he element bromine eEists as the isotopes49
"r and+1
"r, and has a relati'e atomic mass of
49.90.
8a Complete the followin% table to show the n(mbers of s(b
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
20/21
45. Bome 'aporied ma%nesi(m is introd(ced into a mass spectrometer. 7ne of the ions that reaches
the detector is25
%.
8a :dentif& the n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons in the25
%ion.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(1)
8b Btate how this ion is accelerated in the mass spectrometer.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(1)
8c he25
%2
ion is also detected in this mass spectrometer b& chan%in% the ma%netic field.
#ed(ce and eEplain, b& reference to the m/z'al(es of these two ions of ma%nesi(m,
which of the ions25
%2
and25
%is detected (sin% a stron%er ma%netic field.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................(2)
(Total 4 marks)
46. 8a Aist the followin% t&pes of electroma%netic radiation in order of increasin% wa'elen%th
8shortest first.
&. Yellow li%ht
&&. Ged li%ht
&&&. :nfrared radiation
&'. ltra'iolet radiation
.....................................................................................................................................(1)
20
-
8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2
21/21
8b #istin%(ish between a contin(o(s spectr(m and a line spectr(m.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................(1)
8c he thinnin% of the oone la&er increases the amo(nt of @
"ased on the information in the table abo'e eEplain wh& @