Download - Timothy Keister, CWT , Chief Chemist ProChemTech International, Inc. 51 ProChemTech Drive
Green Technology for Green Technology for Biological Control of Biological Control of
Marcellus Shale Marcellus Shale Hyrofracture Waters Hyrofracture Waters
Shale Gas Innovation ContestShale Gas Innovation Contest Ben Franklin Technology Partners Ben Franklin Technology Partners
May 7, 2013May 7, 2013Timothy Keister, CWT , Chief ChemistTimothy Keister, CWT , Chief Chemist
ProChemTech International, Inc.ProChemTech International, Inc.
51 ProChemTech Drive51 ProChemTech Drive
Brockway PA Brockway PA
Marcellus Hydrofracture Marcellus Hydrofracture
Each gas well Each gas well requires 4 to 10 requires 4 to 10 million gallons of million gallons of biologically biologically controlled water per controlled water per hydrofracture hydrofracture
Current biological Current biological control technology control technology uses various uses various hazardous, persistent hazardous, persistent chemical biocides chemical biocides
The Marcellus Shale is the largest natural gas
development in North America
Marcellus Deposit Outlined in Blue
Use of Toxic, Persistent Chemical Biocides for Biological Control of Hydrofracture Water is a Major
Environmental and Safety Hazard
ProChemTech International, Inc. has developed an electrolytic technology that provides a safe, low cost environmentally acceptable means for biological control of
hydrofracture water“ElectroBrom”
Oral Toxicity of Oral Toxicity of Biocides Used in Biocides Used in
Hydrofracture WaterHydrofracture Water Chemical Name Oral Toxicity LD 50 Rat
Glutaraldehyde 134 mg/kg
Dibromo nitrilopropionamide 510 mg/kg
Dazomet 519 mg/kg
Isothiazolin 57.2 mg/kg
ElectroBrom precursor 20,500 mg/kg
Aquatic Toxicity of Aquatic Toxicity of Biocides Used in Biocides Used in
Hydrofracture WaterHydrofracture Water Aquatic Toxicity Typical
Biocide Name LC 50 Trout Use Levels
Glutaraldehyde 56.2 mg/l 125 mg/l
Dibromo nitrilopropionamide 2.3 mg/l 55 mg/l
Dazomet 0.16 mg/l 60 mg/l
Isothiazolin 0.14 mg/l 200 mg/l
ElectroBrom precursor > 3,000 mg/l 45 mg/l
How It WorksHow It WorksPassage of a high Passage of a high
amperage, low voltage amperage, low voltage direct current through an direct current through an
aqueous salt solution aqueous salt solution produces a solution of produces a solution of
““Electrolytic BromineElectrolytic Bromine””
which consists of which consists of
brominebromine
hypobromous acidhypobromous acid
hypobromitehypobromite
Effective Biological Control Effective Biological Control
Electrolytic Bromine is a very effective product for biological control and has been used by
ProChemTech for many years in cooling tower systems
One cooling tower system at the Sky Harbor Airport, Phoenix, AZ, has a flow rate of 11,000 gpm and has been biologically controlled using electrolytic bromine as the only biocide since
August, 2012.
Environmental ImpactEnvironmental Impact Electrolytic bromine degrades under Electrolytic bromine degrades under
typical environmental conditions in typical environmental conditions in a matter of hours to harmless a matter of hours to harmless
bromide ionbromide ion
Bromide ion is found in sea water atBromide ion is found in sea water at
65 mg/l65 mg/l
Bromide ion is also found in flowback Bromide ion is also found in flowback and production wastewaters at and production wastewaters at
400 to 1700 mg/l400 to 1700 mg/l
Hydrofracture flowback and production Hydrofracture flowback and production wastewaters typically have a conductivity wastewaters typically have a conductivity
exceeding 200,000 mmhosexceeding 200,000 mmhos
ProChemTech electrolytic bromine units use an ProChemTech electrolytic bromine units use an aqueous mixed sodium bromide and chloride feed aqueous mixed sodium bromide and chloride feed
precursor solution with a conductivity of precursor solution with a conductivity of
40,000 mmhos40,000 mmhos
We believe that hydrofracture flowback and We believe that hydrofracture flowback and production wastewaters can be used as feed production wastewaters can be used as feed
solution to our electrolytic bromine unitssolution to our electrolytic bromine units
Materials Cost Comparison
Based on four day hydrofracture job with a flow rate of 4,200 gpm, 1.2
mgd total each day
20% dibromo nitrilopropionamide $9,900
50% glutaraldehyde $23,500
1.5% isothiazolin $27,000
electrolytic bromine (production WW) $0
electrolytic bromine (new precursor) $2,850
ElectroBrom power and cell $700
Current Technology Current Technology ElectroBrom EB 60 cost for ElectroBrom EB 60 cost for noted hydrofracture job = noted hydrofracture job =
$70,000$70,000
Patent Status
US Patent 7,927,470 issued April 19, 2011, for the monolithic graphite electrolytic cell used in our electrolytic bromine generators
US patent application 13/075,272 application pending for method of graphite impregnation
Thank You - Questions