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Tidal/Wave generation of power
Anoosh Reddy, Milan Patel, Omasan Ekah
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Description
● Tidal energy is a form of hydropower that converts energy of tides into electricity.
● Tidal/Wave facilities can incorporate two types of energy components. ○ Potential ○ Kinetic
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How It Works?
● Tidal Barrages ○ Single Basin
■ Ebb Generation (Outflow generation)
■ Flood Generation ■ Two- way generation
○ Double Basin■ Storage
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How It Works? (cont.)
● Tidal Current Turbines○ Uses kinetic energy ○ Operate during flood and
ebb tides.○ Made up of:
■ Rotor■ Gearbox■ Generator
○ Three different structure types:
■ Gravity■ Piled■ Floating
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Requirements
● Predict tides using hydrodynamic modeling method via harmonic analysis
● Generate energy from tides through changing sea levels
● Sink turbines● Suitable locations for largest energy
potential
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Impact on Climate
● Inexhaustible energy● Carbon free
○ Installation 7000kt CO2 but payback 3x over
● Impacts aquatic ecosystems and coastlines
● New technologies aka tidal turbines vs. tidal barrages=smaller environmental impact
● Tidal barrages= large environmental footprint
● Juvenile Bypasshttp://www.westcoast.fisheries.noaa.gov
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Tidal farm locations
● Scotland ○ January 2015, 400 MW farm ○ Predicted to power 175,000 homes
● South Korea○ Sihwa Lake Tidal power (2011)
■ Current largest in the world, 254 MW● France
○ Rance Tidal power station, 240 MW (1966)● USA
○ Verdant RITE project (2012)■ Long Island to the Atlantic, 70 MW
Sihwa Lake
Rance Tidal
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Wave farm locations
● United Kingdom○ Islay Limpet (1992)
■ First commercial device connected to a national grid
○ Orkney Wave Power Station(2009)■ Roughly 2.4 MW
● United States○ Azura wave power device(2012)
● Portugal○ Aguçadoura Wave farm (2008)○ Generates roughly 2.25 MW
Pelamis machine
Azura machine
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Cons of Tidal energy
Tidal Energy
● Possible environmental effects of tidal energy
○ Pollution builds up inside reservoirs○ Can require dams
● High production costs ○ Rance Tidal Station- ~$118 million ○ Sihwa Lake Tidal Station - ~$293
million ● Low power output when compared to
coal/nuclear energy○ ~30% capacity factor
Underwater tidal power turbines
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Cons of Wave energy
Wave energy
● Relatively low power generation○ Largest in the world, ~2.5 MW
● Still no consensus on best design○ No large scale commercial
funding● Maintenance
○ Usually remote locations, maintenance is complicated, underwater Underwater tidal turbine
Underwater tidal fence
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Summary
● While expensive, hydropower is far better for the environment than traditional fossil fuels
● Since hydropower is powered by water, the resources required to run it are virtually unlimited
● Heavily reduces CO2 emissions, and is highly predictable
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Any questions?
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Bibliography
● Anonymous. 10 October 2014. “Tidal bore energy: how its harnessed”. The New Economy. 6 November 2016.
● “Baselod Supply Strategy”, http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/03-04/marine/tech_consider.htm.
● "MCT Tidal Turbine." Renewable Northeast, www.rnp.org/sites/default/files/images/ MCT-tidal-turbine.jpg.
● Renewable Northwest. "Wave & Tidal Energy Technology." Renewable Northwest
● Environment 360. "Why Wave Power Has Lagged Far Behind As Energy Source." Environment 360, Yale University,
● NEA/IEA/OECD (2015), Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2015, OECD Publishing, Paris.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/cost_electricity-2015-en
● Rourke, F. O., Boyle, F., and Reynolds, A.2010. Tidal energy update 2009. Applied Energy, 87, 398-409. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.08.014
● Elghali, SE Ben, M. E. H. Benbouzid, and Jean Frédéric Charpentier. "Marine tidal current electric power generation technology: State of the art and current status." 2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference. Vol. 2. IEEE, 2007.
● Adcock, Thomas AA, Scott Draper, and Takafumi Nishino. "Tidal power generation–A review of hydrodynamic modelling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy(2015): 0957650915570349.