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Background to the Conflict• 1946 – 1954 – The Indochina War
• Vietnam had been a colony of France, after WWII they began a war for their independence
• France was defeated at the Battle of DienBien Phu
• The country was divided in half along the 17th parallel
• The North under Ho Chi Minh was Communist
• The South was supported by the USA
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Belligerent Forces
North Vietnam
• NVA
• Viet Cong
• Support ($ and weapons) from USSR & China
South Vietnam
• ARVN
• USA
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Key Concepts
• War by Proxy
• Domino Theory
• Containment
• Guerilla Warfare
• Conscription
• Search & Destroy
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Booby Traps
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Agent Orange
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US Involvement
• 1954 – 1964 – “Advisors”
• 1964 – Gulf of Tonkin Incident
• 1968 – Tet Offensive
• 1968 – My Lai Massacre
• 1973 – Ceasefire, US Troops leave
• 1975 – South surrenders to the North, Saigon become Ho Chi Minh City
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Kent State Shooting 1970
• In the US public outcry and disapproval mounted through the late 1960’s
• Demonstrations and protests against both the draft and the war itself were commonplace
• Kent State University in Ohio was the scene of a tragic event when the National Guard opened fire on a group of unarmed protestors, killing four
• This became the subject of the song “Ohio” by Crosby Stills Nash and Young