![Page 1: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The STM Publishing Value Net
An Increasingly Complex Picture
Paris, OECD, Working Party of the Information Economy
Broadband Content Panel, 3 June 2004
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Piero AttanasioAIE – Associazione Italiana Editori
![Page 2: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Summary
• One preliminary note
• Bundling vs. un-bundling in the market
• Designing the value net
• The role of SMEs
• The role of standardisation
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
![Page 3: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue 2
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue …
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue n
Article
Journal 2
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue 2
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue …
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue n
Article
Journal …
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue 2
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue …
Article
Article 2
Article 3
…
Article n
Issue n
Article
Journal nSingle licence for many journals
Typical on line bundle
Typical printed bundle
Article 2Article 3…Article n
Issue
Bundling vs. un-bundling in scientific journals
• Users need to have access to individual articles
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Article
Article 2Article 3…Article n
Issue 2
Article
Article 2Article 3…Article n
Issue …
Article
Article 2Article 3…Article n
Issue n
Article
Journal (annual subscription)
![Page 4: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution on bundling strategies
• Instead of going toward un-bundling the market privileges sort of “meta-bundling”
• Could be this a lesson also for other sectors?
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
![Page 5: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The traditional STM publishing value chain
• The traditional value chain is relatively simple
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Pu
blisher
Distrib
uto
r
Bib
liogra
phic
da
tab
ase
Lib
rary
Fin
al user
![Page 6: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
At the beginning somebody thought that thanks to the Internet there is no need of intermediaries…
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Pu
blisher
Distrib
uto
r
Bib
liogra
phic
da
tab
ase
Lib
rary
Fin
al user
… “probably we don’t need the distributor since we provide the access via the Internet” …
![Page 7: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Pu
blisher
Bib
liogra
phic
da
tab
ase
Lib
rary
Fin
al user
… “and probably we don’t need any catalogue: a search engine is sufficient!”…
![Page 8: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Pu
blisher
Lib
rary
Fin
al user
… “and why do we need a library if everybody can have access to everything via the web?”…
![Page 9: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Pu
blisher
Fin
al user
… “the publisher itself is not so relevant, since authors may communicate directly on line”…
![Page 10: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Fin
al user
The link between the author and final user is too thin…
It does not work!
![Page 11: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The impact of digital distribution
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Au
tho
r
Fin
al user
Nobody cares the relations between the parties…
![Page 12: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The role of intermediaries increases instead of decreasing
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
• There is empirical evidence that libraries increase their importance
See, Carol Tenopir, User behavior across international and disciplinary boundaries, 2004,http://digital.casalini.it/retreat/
0
50
100
150
1977 1984 1993 2003
No of articles read per scientist
No of personal subscription per scientist
![Page 13: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Building the value net
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Scientific communityLibrary
• Libraries need sophisticated technological systems…
IT vendors
• … and value added services to facilitate the access to content (search and retrieval, resolution, etc.) Service
providers
![Page 14: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Building the value net
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Scientific communityLibrary
• To have access to content there is also a need of negotiating the IP rights in appropriate way
IT vendors
Service providers
DRM, Clearing houses, RROs
![Page 15: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Building the value net
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Scientific communityLibrary
• Digital aggregators help libraries to reach content produced by small players
IT vendors
Service providers
DRM, Clearing houses, RROs
Digital aggregators
![Page 16: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Building the value net
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Scientific communityLibrary
• Therefore publishers can use different strategies to reach users
IT vendors
Service providers
DRM, Clearing houses, RROs
Digital aggregators
Publishers
![Page 17: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Standardisation and SMEs
• SMEs have great difficulties in the current market
trend
• A key factor is the high transactional costs in
such a complex value net
• Standards can be tools to reduce such costs and
thus to support SMEs
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
![Page 18: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The role of standards in determining market equilibrium
• What we need is standards for:
• The identification of content
• Metadata for content (and IP rights, and parties)
• What we don’t need is standards for:
• The way to licence the IP rights
• The DOI (Digital Object Identifier) deals with the
first two issues
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
![Page 19: The STM Publishing Value Net An Increasingly ... - OECD](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051319/627b3e6cf0514471fc261924/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The role of standard bodies in the value net
www.medra.orgwww.medra.org
Scientific communityLibrary
IT vendors
Service providers
DRM, Clearing houses, RROs
Digital aggregators
Publishers
Rights negotiation
DOI RA
Metadata exchange