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The origin and fate of the Universe.
Upper Fifth Physics
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What do we see?• All of the non-local galaxies rushing away
from each other.• The further away the galaxy is the faster it
rushes away. • There’s a background radiation which is the
same (nearly) whichever direction you look.
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Hubble’s Result
• A galaxy’s speed of rushing away is directly proportional to their distance.
• Near galaxies slow, distant galaxies fast.– Galaxies moving away faster appear redder. – The redder the light the faster it is. – Ask about standard candles!
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What it all Means
• The universe is expanding• It started at one point.• This event is known as the ‘Big Bang’
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Other Theories
• There are other theories (steady state), but none of them explain– The abundance of helium and other elements.– The cosmic background radiation.– The darkness of the Night Sky
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The Fate of the Universe• This all depends on the universe’s density.• Too low and the universe expands for ever!• Too high and eventually gravity pulls everything back in
to a ‘Big Crunch’• Click the picture for more depth.
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Are We Alone?
• Growing evidence for the conditions for life– Discovery of planets elsewhere in the universe– Meteorites containing ‘fossilized bacteria’– Pictures of water erosion on Mars– Water-like geology on Mars
• Passive searches of radio waves un-natural signals – the SETI project
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Great links
• Loads of your questions answered at UCLA. (I still learn stuff from this…)
• SETI@home – Help search for signals from “Out There”.
• The Universe Timeline