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The Length of Bridge Ties: Structural and Geographic Proper9es of
Online Social Interac9ons Y. Volkovich†, S. Scellato‡,
D. Laniado†, C. Mascolo‡, A. Kaltenbrunner†
† Barcelona Media Founda9on ‡ University of Cambridge
13/02/18 KDE Seminar: Yuto Yamaguchi 1
ICWSM 2012
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Background
• Geographically closer pair of individuals are more likely to develop social bonds – [Merton, 1948], [Fes9nger et al., 1950], …
• This holds even on online social networking services – [Liben-‐Nowell et al., 2005], [Backstorm et al., 2010], …
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Research Ques9on
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What is the rela;onship between the structural proper,es of online social ;es and the spa,al distance
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Structure, Tie strength, and Distance
• Tie strength – Close friends or just acquaintances – Frequency of interac9ons
• Network structure – Cores, Bridges, Periphery
• Spa9al distance – Between connected individuals
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bridge
core
periphery
strong 9e
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Results
• Individuals at closer distance more likely to establish social connec9ons
• Social links in the core tend to span shorter distances than outer 9es
• Interac9on levels are higher inside the core
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Dataset
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“Spanish Facebook” Founded in 2006 in Spain
Full anonymized snapshot as of Nov. 2010
p 9.8 million users (25% of Spanish popula9on) p 580 million friendship links p 500 million message exchanges in 3 months
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Basic Proper9es
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N: # of nodes K: # of edges NGC: # of nodes in
giant component <deg>: Average degree <C>: Clustering coefficient
deff: 90% diameter dmax: Maximal distance <dpath>: Average path-‐length <D>: Average spa9al distance
of arbitrary pairs <l>: Average spa9al distance
of connected pairs
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Structural posi9on of social 9es (1/2)
• Local posi9on ( social overlap ) – Connected users with many common friends seem to be inside the core
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oi, j = Γi∩Γ j
Γi : set of friends of i
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Structural posi9on of social 9es (2/2)
• Global posi9on ( k-‐index ) – K-‐index measures how middle a node is in the network
– k-‐index of a node is v if it belongs to v-‐core but not to (v+1)-‐core
– K-‐index of an edge eij
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The k-‐core is the maximal subgraph where each node connects to at least k nodes inside the subgraph.
kij =min(ki,kj )
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Structural posi9on and spa9al length (1/2)
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Spa,al distance decreases as connected users share more friends
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Structural posi9on and spa9al length (2/2)
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Social links inside the core are shorter than the ones reaching the periphery
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The impact of 9e strength (1/2)
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Although likelihood of friendship is correlated to the spa,al distance, ,e strength does not affect the distance
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The impact of 9e strength (2/2)
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p Users inside the core more frequently interact
p Users in the periphery and in the core more frequently interact
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Discussion
• Shorter distance increase the likelihood that users belong to the same dense group.
• Bridges create not only network shortcuts, but also spa9al shortcuts.
• Frequent interac9ons occur inside the cores or between the core and periphery.
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Conclusion • Inves9gated how spa9al constraints influence the network structure
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Spa9al distance
Spa9al distance
Tie strength
Tie strength
core
core
high
low
high low