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the lawrence berkeley national laboratory: a case study
Revised 12/2/04
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Contact Information:
Dale Sartor, P.E.Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryApplications TeamMS 90-3011University of CaliforniaBerkeley, CA 94720
[email protected](510) 486-5988http://Ateam.LBL.gov
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Case Study:The Lawrence BerkeleyNational Laboratory
The LBNL In-House Energy Management Program
Retrofit Projects
New Construction
Program Cost and Impact
Utility Cost Management
Lessons Learned
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Strategies
Organizational structure
IHEM studies and retrofits
Life-cycle cost effective designs
Maintenance
Lowest utility cost
Recharge users
Employee awareness
Track performance
R & D
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Key Barrier and Success Factor
Institutional Challenge:Success = Change
Key to Success:Upper Management Support
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Staff
Dedicated in-houseengineers, andproject managers.
Scientists borrowedfrom research division.
Consultants.
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Retrofit Projects
– Direct funded
– Utility surcharge funded
– Energy Savings Performance Contract
Energy Efficiency Studies (40+ since 1985)
Energy Efficiency Retrofits (30+)
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Typical Retrofit Projects
Constant Velocity VAV Fume Hood control.
VFD control for fans and pumps.
DDC/EMCS (over 8,000 points in place).
T-8/Electronic Ballast lighting.
Occupancy sensor controlled lighting.
LED exit signs.
CFLs.
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Typical RetrofitProjects, continued
Premium Efficiency Motors.
Consolidation of Boiler and Chiller plants.
Modular boilers.
Small base loaded chillers.
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Typical Retrofit Projects, continued
Mechanical equipment
replacements.
Waterside economizers.
Metering.
Process.
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Instrumented Surveys
Uncovers “hidden” opportunities.
Improves quantification of savings.
Aids in commissioning and persistence.
Can save purchase of new unneeded capacity.
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New Construction
Conceptual Design Report
Energy Efficiency Report
Project team participation
Good retrofit projects
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Reduce Load
• Focus on the big hits
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Goal
Energy Efficiency is the Base Case!
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Opportunities are Real
41% reduction in energy use per square foot from 1985 baseline
$4.4 million/year more research based on 1985 energy prices
Pollution savings
Improved worker productivity
Safer environment
Improved reliability
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0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
FY 1985
FY 1986
FY 1987
FY 1988
FY 1989
FY 1990
FY 1991
FY 1992
FY 1993
FY 1994
FY 1995
FY 1996
FY 1997
FY 1998
FY 1999
FY2000
Last 4
QtrsR
educ
tion
Fro
m F
Y 1
985
Bas
elin
e B
TU
s/G
SF
Actual Goal
Reduction in Buildings BTUs/GSF
Opportunities are Real
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Investment Required
Studies: $2.6 million Retrofit: $20 million
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Utility Cost Management
Billing errors (Typically $75- 100K/year) Electricity: WAPA @ $.035/KWh (-) Natural Gas: Defense Fuel Supply Center Saving $.10/Therm Overall 40% savings due to rate reduction
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Integrated Supply and Demand Side Energy Management
Potential Savings Over 60%
Baseline: $11.0 million
Actual: $ 3.8 million
Overall savings: $7.2 million (or 65%)
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Lessons Learned
Outside air dominant load - focus on HVAC.
Fume hood VAV (constant velocity) safe and efficient.
DDC/EMCS to zone.
Commissioning and ongoing O&M important.
Don’t oversize boilers and chillers - use modular units.
Avoid reheat.
Technology is improving.
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Success Factors
Champion
Identify hot buttons
Upper management support
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End of Session