The Internet
The InternetNetwork - Collection of computers and
devices connected together via communications devices
Internet - Worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational inst. And individuals
History of the InternetAdvanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
- Agency of U.S. department of defense -Became functional in 1969Allow scientists to communicateWould be functional even if part of the network were destroyed - nuclear attack
History (Continued)1969 - Four hosts1984 - 1,000 hostsToday - Over 100,000,000World Wide Web Consortium- (W3C) -
Group to oversee research and set standards for the internet.
Service ProvidersISP - Business that has permanent internet
connections and provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for a fee.
POP - Point of Presence - Dial up connection
Service Providers (Cont.)Regional ISP - Provides access to the
Internet through one or more phone numbers - Ex. Dmcom, catskill online
National ISP - Provides numbers for major cities and towns throughout U.S. Ex. Earthlink, AT&T
ISP’s (Cont)Online Service Provider - (OSP) Like an ISP,
but has many members only services - AOL, MSN, Compuserve
Wireless Service Provider - Provides wireless Internet access to users with wireless modems
Connecting to the InternetLocal Area Network - Schools and
businesses connect through their Lan via usually a T1 connection 1.55 mps.
Dial Up - Use your computer, modem, and regular phone line - 56k max.
Digital Subscriber Line - DSL - provides high speed connections over regular phone lines.
Connecting to the Internet (Cont)Cable Modem - Provides high speed
Internet connections through cable television network.
How Data Travels the InternetServer - Computer that manages resources
on a network and provides for central storage.
Client - Computer that can access the contents of the storage area on the server.
On the internet, your computer is a client accessing info. From servers called hosts.
Internet AddressesIP Address - Internet Protocol Address -
Number which uniquely identifies each computer or device on the internet
Navigating The WebHome page - Starting page for a browserHyperlink (Link) - Built in connection to
another related page or siteURL - Uniform Resource Locator (Web
Address)
URLUniform Resource Locator (URL)Example
http://www.jefferson.stier.org/JCS/JCSCODE.htmProtocol – http: (hypertext transfer protocol)Domain name: www.jefferson.stier.org – This
identifies the web server where the web document is located.
Path - /jcs/File name – jcscode.htm
The path and the file name indicate where the document is stored on the computer.
World Wide WebMosaic - Graphical User Interface. What we
now know to be WWWHTML - Hypertext Markup Language.
Program used to make web pagesHTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol -
Protocol used by the WWW