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The Grand Canyon
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Arizona, U.S.A.
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Weater/Climate• Summer– The North Rim is fairly cool because of elevation– The South Rim has pleasant tempuratures– The Inner canyon can reach up to around 105°F
• Winter– The North Rim closes due to heavy snow– General conditions are extreme
• Spring/Fall– Be prepared for a variety of conditions; cold/rainy
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Landforms
• The Grand Canyon is– 277 miles long– 18 miles wide– And a mile deep
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Waterways
• The Colorado River is an 1450 mile long river that is within the Canyon
• The River over millions of years carved out the Canyon to what it is today
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Vegetation
• The supreme diversity– 1737 known species of plants– 167 species of fungi– 64 species of moss– 195 species of lichen– 129 plant communities
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Animals
• The Grand Canyon is home to many different animals– Amphibians, birds, crustaceans, fish, insects,
insects, mammals, mollusks, and reptiles
• The Grand Canyon contains every habitat except a tundra
• Because of the large land preserved, it is deemed a valuable reserve.
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Environmental Issues
• Nearby factories emit sulfur dioxide and causes smog, decreasing the air quality
• Dams has become an issue as well, ruining natural habitats
• And like most parks, there are some endangered species
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History
• Paleo-Hunters hunted around the Grand Canyon around 10,000 years ago.– A pot was found and was carbon dated to around
4000 years ago
• The Navajos settled around it at around the 1,300s
• John Wesley Powell and 9 men rafted the Colorado River in 1869
• Mining began in the 1870s and 1880s for lead, zinc, asbestos, and copper
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Preservation Efforts
• In September 1991 the Grand Canyon Trust and the owners of the Navajo Generating Station made an agreement to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions
• In 1997, Congress chose certain areas to have a high degree of attention to the air to reduce pollution. The Grand Canyon was one of them.
• And of course, park rangers tell the visitors to avoid wild animals to keep them natural.