Download - THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD IN ARCHITECTURE
Draw an architectural timeline with approximate dates including the following periods in Western architecture:
Baroque Ancient Egyptian GothicClassical (Ancient Greek and Roman)Renaissance
Ancient Egypt: 3,050 – 900 BC (3950 years)Classical: 850 BC – 476 AD (1326 years)Gothic: 1100 – 1450 (350 years)Renaissance: 1400 – 1600 (200 years)Baroque: 1600 – 1830 (230 years)
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE (1100 – 1450)
What is the social order of the Middle Ages?
What is the basis of knowledge in the Middle Ages?
What are the architectural characteristics of the Middle Ages?
THE SOCIAL ORDERFeudalism: Land-owners; serfs; clergy
BASIS OF KNOWLEDGEReligion (monastic orders)
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICSThe castle and the cathedral as markers of power
St. Denis, France, begun 1144, Rose Window(Symbol of the sun (Christ) and the rose (Virgun Mary as “rose without thorns”)
Chartes cathedral as the center of the cult of Mariolatry (worship of Virgin Mary) in France, posesses the tunic of Virgin Mary which was a gift to the town from King Charles. Hence the town was associated with the royal house.
THE RENAISSANCE (1400 – 1600)
What is the social order of the period?
What is the governing philosophy of the period?
What are the architectural characteristics of the period?
SOCIAL ORDERBirth of the bourgeoisie – the city – trade
GOVERNING PHILOSOPHYHumanism (classical texts)
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICSRe-birth of Classical AntiquityBirth of «theory», innovations in practiceThe birth of the Palazzo
Leon Battista Alberti, 1404-1472
Studied at universities of Padua and Bologna, had masterg of Greek, Latin and law
The Duomo of S. Maria del Fiore, Florence, 1299-1367
8 major, 16 minor ribs arranged in doubles in between. Major and minor ribs are tied to minimize side thrusts. Two shells to keep out humidity and to increase scaleThe dome was built in horizontal courses . The lantern holds a large ring of 15 m.s