the CUREe-Caltech Woodframe Project UCI
Task 1.4.8.3Diaphragm Connections
Gerard C. Pardoen, UC Irvine
Seb J. Ficcadenti, F&W CSETom A. Castle, F&W CSE
the CUREe-Caltech Woodframe Project UCI
Research Plan
(1) This Project is part of the Caltech-CUREe Woodframe Project, specifically Task 1.4.8 B “Diaphragm to Shear Wall Connections”:
(2) There are 6 diaphragm configurations that are to be tested.(3) 12 cyclic test samples total, 2 samples/configuration. (Revised to 16
samples after early test results)(4) 4 additional monotonic tests shall be conducted to calibrate the Proposed
CUREe Displacement Loading Protocol(5) Main Test Variables: a. Joists: 2”x12” & plywood web b. Connectors: toe nails, framing clips, flange nailing c. Joist Orientation: perpendicular & parallel to wall
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Proposed CUREe Test ProtocolProposed CUREe Test Protocol
Ordinary Ground Motions
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Number of Half Cycles
Ratio of Maximum Displacement
..
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Testing Apparatus
Shake Table
Laboratory Strong Floor
Plywood Diaphragm Shear Transfer
Connectionto Blocking
Shear WallBelow
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Test Fixture to Measure the Applied Load
Load Reaction
Load Cell
Sample Adapter
Shaft Support
Table Adapter
Linear Bearing
Shaft
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Test Sample MatrixJoist/Shear Wall Orientation Joist Connection Samples
TN1 Series - Parallel 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Joist 2
TN2 Series - Perpendicular 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Blocks 2
TN3 Sample - Perpendicular 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Blocks & Joists
1
Parallel 2” x 12” Framing clip Joist 2
Perpendicular 2” x 12” Framing clip Blocks
2
Perpendicular 2” x 12” Framing clip Blocks & Joists
2
Parallel Plywood web Flange nailed Joist 2
Perpendicular Plywood web Flange nailed Blocks
2
Perpendicular Plywood web Flange nailed Blocks & Joists
1
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Laboratory Setup
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Laboratory Setup
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Parallel Joist Connections
Toe NailedJoist
Framing ClippedJoist
Flange NailedJoist
12 ToeNails
3 FramingClips
12 FlangeNails
Design Capacity169 pounds/foot
(86%)
Design Capacity235 pounds/foot
(120%)
Design Capacity196 pounds/foot
(100%)
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel Joists with 16d @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds
Capacity = 593 pounds/footF.S. = 3.0
TN1-A
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 751 pounds/footF.S. = 4.4
FC1-A
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel TJI's with 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 828 pounds/footF.S. = 3.5
FN1-A
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Perpendicular Joist Connections (w/out Joist Nails)
Toe NailedBlocks
Framing ClippedBlocks
Flange NailedBlocks
Design Capacity169 pounds/foot
(86%)
Design Capacity235 pounds/foot
(120%)
12 ToeNails
3 FramingClips
12 FlangeNails
Design Capacity196 pounds/foot
(100%)
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with 16d@8" o.c. Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 743 pounds/footF.S. = 3.8
TN2-A
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 853 pounds/footF.S. = 5.0
FC2-A
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests
Perpendicular TJI's with 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. - Cyclic Test A
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 825 pounds/footF.S. = 3.5
FN2-A
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Perpendicular Joist Connections (with Joist Nails)
Toe NailedBlocks
Framing ClippedBlocks
Flange NailedBlocks
Design Capacity398 pounds/foot
(203%)
Design Capacity510 pounds/foot
(260%)
26 ToeNails
3 FramingClips
Plus 14JoistNails
26 FlangeNails
Design Capacity425 pounds/foot
(216%)
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TN3-A CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with 16d@8" o.c. w/ 2 T.N. per Joist
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
Capacity = 1448 pounds/footF.S. = 3.4 (7.4)
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test D
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
FC3-A
Capacity = 1293 pounds/footF.S. = 3.2 (7.7)
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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular TJI's w/ 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test C
-12000
-10000
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Displacement (inches)
Force (pounds)
FN3-A
Capacity = 1290 pounds/footF.S. = 2.5 (5.5)
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Preliminary Observations & Conclusions(1) Shear transfer stiffness is primarily dependent on the direction of
framing (parallel is stiffer than perpendicular) and secondarily dependent on the capacity of the connection.
(2) Shear transfer connections consisting of framing clips yield higher factors of safety (ultimate strength/design strength) than comparable nailed connections.
(3) Shear transfer connections at perpendicular framing conditions have greater strength than comparable connections at parallel conditions.
(4) The use of joist nails at perpendicular framing conditions greatly increases the strength of shear transfer connections, often times beyond the strength of the unblocked diaphragm being braced.