Technology and Communication
Alys Maynord and Ann-Houston Campbell
Industrialism
Industrial Revolution
• Eighteenth Century.• Opened up trade and made it much easier and
faster.• Half a century altered both life styles and
attitudes.• Alsace-Lorraine – industrialization was
concentrated before 1850
Technology
Technology
• Interchangeable parts – if a part breaks it can be replaced
• Mid 18th century – power loom• Joseph Marie Jacquard• Produced different patterns of cloth
Technology•German industries grew on Ruhr and Saxony •French manufactures could create small amounts of high quality luxury items•By 1847 a telegraph equipment company was established•With production of steel, first skyscraper•With skyscrapers, needs for elevators
Technology
• 1866 linotype machine – More illustrations in newspapers/magazines– Artist could create drawings, etchings and make
multiple copies• 1879- The light bulb
Types of Citizens
• Proletariat – Industrial workers• Capitalists- Wealth in money, not land. Income
comes from capital.• White collar- Employment that does not
involve physical labor
Communication
The Telegraph
• Allowed stories around the world to be reported much faster
• Used cheap paper from wood pulp
• Later produced by the Siemens family Telegraph Construction Company (1847)– Siemens brothers
• News could travel faster
The Morse Code
• Telegrams were sent using Morse code.
• This required skilled operators who could translate Morse code.
• .... . .-.. .-.. ---• .-- . / .-.. --- ...- . /
.--- . ... ..- ...
The Telephone
• Invented in 1879• Invented by Alexander
Graham Bell• Some world leaders refused
to talk on the telephone• In 1912 there were five
telephones in the United States, three in Scandinavia, and two in Germany.
• Théâtrophone
Science
Sociology
• Created in the 19th century• The “science of society”• It claimed that the society of humans could be studied
and understood like any other part of the natural world.
• Auguste Comete• Émile Durkheim– empiricism
• Friedrich Tönnies and Georg Simmel• Max Weber
Max Weber
Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete
Biology
• Charles Darwin• Evolution – theory that diverse animal and plant species
developed over time through a combination of genetic mutation and environmental influence
• Darwin believed in natural selection, the theory that better-adapted species survive (and reproduce) while others are eliminated.
• Gregor Mendel• Darwin’s theories had a HUGE impact on the scientific
community.• Social Darwinists
– Eugenics
Max Weber
Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete Gregor Mednel
Charles Darw
in
Biology
• Anthropology – Olga Semyonova Tian-Shanskaia
Chemistry
• Dmitri Mendeleev– Rearranged the Periodic Table of Elements
Max Weber
Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete Gregor Mednel
Charles Darw
in
Dimitri Mendeleev
Physics
• Newtonian Physics• James Clerk Maxwell• Wilhelm Röntgen• Albert Einstein– Special theory of relativity
• Max Planck
James Clerk Maxwell
Max Planck
Albert Einstein
Wilholm Röntgen