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Boosting business renewal through company spin-off at cluster levelAlberto Pezzi
Breakout Session: Entrepreneurship and SME support in clusters
5 September 2013
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BOOSTING BUSINESS RENEWAL THROUGH COMPANY SPIN-OFF AT CLUSTER LEVEL
Alberto Pezzi Director Competitive Strategy and Cluster DivisionACC10 / Directorate General for IndustryGovernment of Catalonia
Treasurer and member of the Board of Directors TCI Network
Kolding, 5th September 2013
16th annual conference
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CLUSTERS and NEW BUSINESS FORMATION
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CLUSTERS ARE EVERYWHERE...
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CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES WORLDWIDE
2001199719921980
Emilia-RomagnaToscana(industrial-districts based policies) ....
CatalunyaEuskadiScotlandChihuahuaArizonaMassachussets
New ZealandChristchurchSonomaCosta RicaMorocco
....
SwedenTurkeyLithuaniaBarcelona 22@
AustriaJordanMéxicoCampecheSouth AfricaRhône Alpes.... France
EstoniaDenmarkDominican RepublicSloveniaUKMinas Gerais (BR)...
1990 2003 2006
PakistanKazakhstanPoland….
ParaguayRio Negro (AR)Russia….
2013
Aprox. over 1.400 Initiatives at world llevel(USAID)
Over 1.200 cluster organizationat European level (source: ECO - European cluster observatory)
Source: TCI cluster initiatives database, TCI research and practice
Selected regions and countries withcluster-based development initiatives
SCOPE: NATIONALREGIONALLOCAL-CITY
TCI Worldwide presence
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USING CLUSTERS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH
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AND(Vs.)
“domesticated” clusters
€
“wild”clusters
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USING CLUSTERS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH
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AND(Vs.)
“domesticated” clusters
€Apply managerial
techniques and practices to increase cluster
performance
Observe clusterdynamics and try to learn and take advantage from it
“wild”clusters
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BOLOGNA (ITALY)
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THE CITY IN 3 WORDS
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AND A UNIQUE INNOVATIVE COMMUNITY
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Food industryConsumers’ habitsHygiene regulationDistribution, etc.
Social & marketchanges
BOLOGNA: .. THE FAT
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BOLOGNA: .. THE ERUDITE.. and THE ENTREPRENEURIAL
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Silk industry(silk millmechanicaltechnology)
Indicative timeline
mid XVII century
XIX century 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000
textile
Food industry
RepairMetal workLight mechanics…
Mechanical industry
Packaging machinery
Medical devices
Others: farm machinery, tool machinery, motoreductors,etc.
Motorcycle
Specialized skills
BOLOGNA: .. “THE CLUSTERIZED”
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1930
1940
1950
1960
1980
1990
1970
1920
CarpigianiPreciArca
Flli Zucchini
Cevolani
CAMCorazzaC&M
ZanasiO.M. Billi
FIMA
Zamboni
Ferriani
ICAGrandiMenegatti Farmomac
SM Mod.
WrapmaticCassoli
STMZambelli Famar
Pantecnica
MAB
BCF
MG2BTB
Smabo
Marchesini
AMCVM
Impak
BFB
CarnaticPIMI
Vame
Baumer AmoteK
TinarelliTecnotrend
Montpack
Companies created by alumni of theInstituto Aldini Valeriani
Source: Curti- Grandi, Per niente fragile, Bologna capitaledel packaging, 1997.
N. Fima
Spin-offs from ACMA (1940-1990)
BUSINESS CREATION THROUGH SPIN-OFF: THE RISE OF THE PACKAGING INDUSTRY CLUSTER IN BOLOGNA
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Business evolution is not only about business and technology
New generation of high speed microdosing machine for aseptic environmentsBolognese-style silk mill
(begin of XVII century) ?Specialized skills
Entrepreneurship
Market opportunities
COMMUNITY HISTORY AND IDENTITY MATTERS - 1
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KEY INGREDIENTS: 1 - DEMAND
DEMAND / MARKET
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KEY INGREDIENTS: 2 – KEY ENABLERS
INNOVATION /TECHNOLOGYDEMAND / MARKET
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KEY INGREDIENTS: 3 – THE COMMUNITY AND ITS “CHAMPIONS”
Innovation as social process
Sophisticated demand
Non-tech innovation
CHANCE
INNOVATION /TECHNOLOGYDEMAND / MARKET
TERRITORY / BUSINESS CULTURE
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Packaging machinery cluster Bologna Diamond years 1940-60
• Sophisticated and diversified demand of packaged goods from retail sector and
particularly from food industry (packaged meat, etc.)• Changes in consumers’
habits
• Strong mechanical culture in the territory
• Technical School Aldini Valeriani (est. 1880)
Other related sectors:Mechanics: • motorcycles• tooling machineryElectronics:• medical devices• measurement systems
• Family owned SMEs• Family and personal linkages • Strong emulation spirit• “Co-opetition”
Related andsupportingindustries
Context for firm strategyand rivalry
Demandconditions
• Social capital• Flexible production• Customization• Client oriented
Factors (input)conditions
• Entrepreneurial spirit • Availability of capital• Radical innovation
technology: “Z wheel”• Transmission of contextual
knowledge through spin-off
COMMUNITY HISTORY AND IDENTITY MATTERS - 2
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ONLY IN BOLOGNA?
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CLUSTERS ARE THE LABS OF FUTURE GROWTH
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What we need is an entrepreneurial society in which innovation and
entrepreneurship are normal, steady, and continous.
Peter F. DruckerInnovation and Entrepreneurship, 1986
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THANKS !