Download - SYNHRONOUS TRANSMISSION OFC
WELCOME TO PRESENTATION ONNEXT GENERATION SDH
ARVIND
Agenda
Migration to NGN SDHPre SDH & SDH ReviewMarket & Technology Drivers
NGN SDH – OverviewVirtual Concatenation (VCAT)
Page 2 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Virtual Concatenation (VCAT)Link Capacity Adjustment scheme (LCAS)Generic Framing Procedure
Future SDH TechnologiesSiemens NGN SDH Products
PDH Bit rates
Page 3 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
PDH Multiplexing Structure
Page 4 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Tributary Access
Page 5 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Tributary Access
Page 6 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
No Common Standard
Page 7 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Synchronisation
Page 8 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Point to Point Networks
Page 9 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Developing Networks
Page 10 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Pre SDH Summary : Limitations of PDH Network
Traffic Add DropInter vendor operabilityBandwidth Utilisation of Transmission MediaSynchronisationEfficient Network Management
Page 11 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Efficient Network Management
SDH Definition
Page 12 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Advantages of SDH
Page 13 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Notes on SDH Rates
Page 14 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
SONET
Page 15 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
× 4
× 1STM-16 AUG-16 VC-4-16c
VC-4-4c
STM-64 AUG-64
× 1STM-4 C-4-4c
C-4-16c
× 1× 1STM-256 VC-4-256c C-4-256c
× 1VC-4-64c C-4-64c
AUG-4
× 4AU-4-256c
AU-4-64c
AU-4-16c
AU-4-4c
AUG-256
× 1
× 4× 1
× 1
Page 16 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
T1540590-00(108449)
C-11VC-11TU-11
× 1
× 3× 3 × 1
× 1
× 3
× 4
× 7 × 7
STM-1 AUG-1 AU-4 VC-4
AU-3 VC-3
C-4
C-3
C-2
C-12
VC-3
VC-2
VC-12
TU-3
TU-2
TU-12
TUG-2
TUG-3
× 4
STM-0
× 1
× 1
AligningMapping
Pointer processingMultiplexing
SDH / PDH Rates
SDH140 Mbit/s34 Mbit/s
Nx45 Mbit/s 100 Mbit/s45Mbit/s 32 Mbit/s
400 Mbit/sPDH
Level 4
Level 3
STM64 10Gbit/s STM16 2,48Gbit/s
Page 17 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
34 Mbit/s8 Mbit/s2 Mbit/s
45Mbit/s6,3 Mbit/s1,5 Mbit/s
32 Mbit/s6,3 Mbit/s1,5 Mbit/s
PDHEUROPE
PDHJAPAN
PDH NOTH AMERICA
Level 1
Level 3
Level 2STM4 620Mbit/sSTM1 155Mbit/s
STM16 2,48Gbit/s
ETSI Multiplexing structure
139 264Kb/sC-4
C-3VC-3 44 736Kb/s34 368Kb/s
x 7
x 3
x 1
x 1x NSTM-N AU-4 VC-4
TU-3POH processing
SOH
TUG-3
AU-G
POH
POH
Pointer
Pointer POH
Page 18 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
x 3
X 1
VC-12 C-12
VC-11
VC-2
C-11
2 048Kb/s
1 544Kb/s
Pointer processingMultiplexing
MappingAligning
TU-2
TU-12
TUG-2
POH
POH
POH
Pointer
Pointer
The STM1 Frame
VC-12TU-12
TUG-2
PTrVC-123 time
TU-12TU-12 TU-12
7 time
POH
C-12C-12
Page 19 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
TUG-3
STM-1
VC-4
AU-4
7 time
TUG-2
TUG-3 TUG-3
TUG-2 TUG-2 TUG-2 TUG-2 TUG-2 TUG-2
3 time
PTrAU-4 TUG-3
SOHSOH
1 time
POH
Basic SDH frameSTM1 linear structure
32 bytes /125µs
2430 bytes /125µs
1st line 2nd line 3rd line 4th line 5th line 6th line 7th line 8th line 9th line
2M
Page 20 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
SOH
STM1
PointerSOH
Transmission data carried by a VC4 (payload)
Basic STM1 frame ITU-T structure
Pointer
SOH (Payload)
9 rows
Page 21 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
SOH
9 Columns270 Columns
261 Columns
Path and section
26
1
2 Mbit/sSectionVC12 path
Page 22 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
3452 Mbit/s
Two types of section:Regenerator : (RSOH) Multiplexing : (MSOH)
RSOH RSOHRSOHRSOH
STM Overhead
Page 23 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Regenerator
Section
MSOH MSOH
Multiplexing
Section
Regenerator
SectionRegenerato
rSection
The situation
The economic situation in the Telecom Industry has changed...
Page 24 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
...and so has the technological approach to meet new challenges!
The future - as seen in 2000
SONET/SDHNetwork
SONET/SDH for VOICEServices
Seen Status
Future Network
Page 25 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
One new network for both applications!
LAN
Fully RoutedOptical IPNetwork
Optical IP for DATAServices
Future Network
The Status Today
SDH/ SONET - is the deployed technology in the core network with huge investments in capacity!Ethernet - is the dominant technology of choice at LANs and well known at all enterprises worldwide!Data traffic is still growing, but only at a slower speed than expected
Page 26 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
All network topologies focusing on a IP/Ethernet ONLYapproach are shifted to long-term future.
The future today: Bring SONET/SDH and Ethernet together!
New Customer Applications
Virtual Private Network(VPN)
Core Network
LAN LANPC
ServerEthernet
Page 27 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Edge Network
Core Network
Storage Server
SONET/SDHFibre Channel
Bringing it all together?
CoreOperator wants:• Reduce Opex• Realize revenue-earning services• Use bandwidth of Core Network X
Customer expects:• QoS & BW at low costs• Native Data Interfaces• Use & Improve what he knows!
LANVoice
Page 28 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Edge• Use bandwidth of Core Network• Low investment immediate ROI• Close the edge bottleneck!
XSAN
Solution:Make SONET/SDH flexible & data aware at the edge and
still use the existing core!
EdgeManufacturer needs:• ...to develop solutions...fast!
Worldwide Optical Network Equipment Market
10,000.0
12,000.0
14,000.0
16,000.0
18,000.0
Mi
llions
of U.
S. Do
llars
NewGenTraditional SDH/SONET
Page 29 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
0.0
2,000.0
4,000.0
6,000.0
8,000.0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Year
Millio
ns of
U.S.
Dolla
rs
Traditional SDH/SONET
Source: Gartner
Mass market Carrier Class marketAsynchronous Synchronous
Ethernet vs. SONET/SDH
Ethernet SONET / SDH
Page 30 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Dynamic Bandwidth Fixed Bandwidth Connection less Connection orientedBest Effort Service High Quality of Service
How to solve all these challenges?
NNewewSSDH / DH / SSONETONET
OOverviewverviewOOverviewverview
Going into Details
Campus AEthernet
SONET/ SDHSONET/ SDH
Campus B
EthernetFICON
Page 32 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Optical CoreOptical CoreNetworkNetwork
Remote Servers
Storage Servers
Fibre Channel
SONET/SDHSONET/SDHDWDMDWDM
SONET/ SDH
Let‘s zoom in!Core NE Edge NE
SONE
T MU
X/DEM
UX
Native
Inter
faces
New SONET/SDH at the Edge
?VC LCASGFPEthernetFicon
Edge CoreAdaptationCustomer Operator
Page 33 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
SONET/SDH/OTN
SONE
T MU
X/DEM
UX
Native
Inter
faces ?
That’s “ New SONET/SDH “
VirtualConcatenationLink Capacity Adjustment Scheme
Generic Frame ProcedureLAPS
FiconEscon
Fibre Channel
Customer needs Ethernet
Typical Ethernet Traffic
Connections
10075
Mbit/s
Problem: How can we efficiently transport Ethernet over an existing SONET/SDH network?
Customer 3 = 100M
Customer 2 = 60M
Page 34 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Connections2550
time1 2 3 4
Ethernet Packet
Example: For 10M available SDH - Containers are...VC-12 ...too small !
2.176 Mbit/sVC-3 ... inefficient
20%48.38 Mbit/s
OR
Customer 1 = 10M
SDH Line Rates
10 M
Transport 10M Ethernet over SDH?
C-11 1.600 Mbit/sC-12 2.176 Mbit/sC-2 6.784 Mbit/sC-3 48.384 Mbit/sC-4 149.760 Mbit/s
SDH Payload Sizes
Standard Containers are inefficient!
?5x
Page 35 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
C-4-4c 0.599 Gbit/sC-4-16c 2.396 Gbit/sC-4-64c 9.584 Gbit/sC-4-256c 38.338 Gbit/s
Contiguous ConcatenationContiguous Concatenationonly large containers!
Can’t 5 x VC-12 be concatenated?
VVirtualirtualCConcatenationoncatenation
VC-n-X v
Concatenation?Contiguous ConcatenationOffers concatenated payloads in fixed, large stepsOne towing truck (POH) for all containersAll containers are on one path thru the network
C4 C4 C4 C4
Page 37 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
C-4-4c 599.040 Mbit/sC-4-16c 2.396 Gbit/sC-4-64c 9.584 Gbit/sC-4-256c 38.338 Gbit/s
Contiguous ConcatenationVirtual ConcatenationOffers structures in a fine granularityEvery container has its own towing truck (POH)Every container might take a different path
VC-4-4vVC-4 #1VC-4 #2VC-4 #3VC-4 #4
VC-4-4c
VC Nomenclature
VC-nVirtual Container n
n=4, 3, 2, 12, 11
-XNumber of
virtually
vIndictor for
Virtual
Page 38 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
n=4, 3, 2, 12, 11Defines the type of virtual containers, which will be virtually concatenated.
virtuallyconcatenated
containersAll X Virtual Containers
form together the “Virtual Concatenated
Group” (VCG)
Virtual Concatenation
v = virtual concatenationc = contiguous concatenation
Virtual Concatenated Group (VCG) of X VC-n containers!
High and Low Order VC
VC-4
High Order Virtual Concatenation• refers to virtually concatenated...
VC-3 containers
Page 39 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VC-11VC-12VC-2
Low Order Virtual Concatenation• refers to virtually concatenated...
containers
VCG GranularityMinimum
VCGs:VC-4-1v Payload Size 149,76 Mbit/sVC-4-2v Payload Size 299,52 Mbit/s
VC-4-Xv Granularity
VC-4Example High Order VC:VC-4 Container Size 150,3 Mbit/sVC-4 Payload Size 149,76 Mbit/s
Page 40 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VCG Payload Capacity
Maximum
VC-4-2v Payload Size 299,52 Mbit/sVC-4-7v Payload Size 1048,3 Mbit/s
VC-4-256v Payload Size 38338 Mbit/s
MinimumVCG GranularityVCGs:
VC-12-1v Payload Size 2,176 Mbit/sVC-12-2v Payload Size 4,352 Mbit/s
VC-12-Xv Granularity
Example Low Order VC:VC-12 Container Size 2,240 Mbit/sVC-12 Payload Size 2,176 Mbit/s
VC-12
Page 41 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VC-12-2v Payload Size 4,352 Mbit/s
VCG Payload Capacity
Maximum
VC-12-5v Payload Size 10,88 Mbit/s
VC-12-64v Payload Size 139,26 Mbit/s
VC Granularity and max. Capacity Nomenclature Granularity Max. Capacity VC-4 –n v 149 M
- 38.3G
VC-3 –n v 48 M - 12.7 G
VC-4
VC-3
Page 42 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VC-12 –n v 2.2 M - 139 M
VC-12
Maximum Concatenation: = 256 containersMax. Capacity: = 256 x granularity
VC Rate Efficiencies
Ethernet (10M) VC3 20% VC-12-5v 92%Fast Ethernet (100M) VC-4 67% VC-12-46v 100%
Data Rates Efficiency w/o VC using VC
ESCON (200M) VC-4-4c 33% VC-3-4v 100%Fibre Channel (800M) VC-4-16c 33% VC-4-6v 89%
Page 43 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
100M Ethernet STM-1= 64 x VC-12VC-12-5v
VC-12-46v
2x 10M Ethernet VC-12-5v8x E1 ServicesExample:
More services integrated- by using VC!
Gigabit Ethernet (1G) VC-4-16c 42% VC-4-7v 85%
Transporting Concatenated SignalsContiguous Concatenation
VC-4-4c
C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4
C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4
NENEOne Path
C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4
Core Network
Page 44 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VC-4-2v
Virtual Concatenation
VC-4 #2
VC-4 #1
VC-4 #1
Path 2
Path 1
VC-4 #2
Differential Delay
VC-4 #2
VC-4 #1
VC-4 #2
VC-4 #1
VC-4-4cCore Network
Virtual Concatenation - Benefits
VC
EconomicalRe-use core network equipment invest only at the edge
Efficient & Scalable
Fine granularity & multi-path capability
Page 45 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VCBENEFITS
Well-knownSONET/SDH is well
engineered & reliable & trained
Low Investmentdeployment only on customer demand Fast ROI
Challenges ahead...How can path bandwidth be increased or decreased?
Dynamic Bandwidth Provisioning “..bring an additional truck on the road..”
VC-3 #1VC-3 #2VC-3 #?
Page 46 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
VC-4 #1VC-4 #3FAILED
How can we ensure QoS for data services? VCG - Protection one VC container fails - the whole Virtual
Concatenation Group (VCG) fails!
Bandwidth on demand
Bandwidth “Call-by-Call”
NG NG
Network Management
VC-12-3vLCAS
Page 47 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Transport Network
NG NGISPCustomer’s LAN
Customer rents a 6M Internet connection (VC-12-3v) calls to get additional 2M!Operator will provision additional VC-12 path ..and will hitless add it to existing connection via LCAS!
+VC-12LCAS
Bandwidth on demandBandwidth on Schedule
Transport NetworkNG NG100M 100M
900M900M
100M
900M
Page 48 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Location A Location B
Offer a fixed bandwidth schedule:24/7 - Virtual Local Area Network service at 100M EthernetEvery night for one hour - additional 900M ESCON service for data backup New revenue opportunities at low traffic hours!
900M900M 900M
Bandwidth on demand
Ethernet Traffic
1st VC-122nd VC-123rd VC-12
Variable VCG capacity
Automatic Bandwidth Allocation - pay as you grow!
Page 49 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
t1 2 3 4VCG capacity
Automatic Bandwidth Allocation:Automatically, pre-provisioned VC capacity will be activatedNo paid, but unused link capacity for the customer Customized SLA possible! Optimal bandwidth for the customer for min. $$ New revenues with pay per use & over-subscription!
LLinkinkCCapacityapacityAAdjustmentdjustmentAAdjustmentdjustmentSSchemecheme
Los Angeles
Seattle
Dallas
Washington
Chicago
San FranciscoSan Jose
Atlanta
New YorkBoston
Kansas CityDenverColumbus
Los Angeles
Seattle
Dallas
Washington
Chicago
San FranciscoSan Jose
Atlanta
New YorkBoston
Kansas CityDenverColumbus
Location B
Bandwidth Provisioning - today
Page 51 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Houston OrlandoHouston OrlandoLocation A
50Mbit/s Ethernet Private Line (VC-3-1v/ STS-1-1v)The customer now requires 100Mbit/s
But: Traffic will be interrupted to bring 100M into service!!
Operator manually sets up a 2nd path using the network management system 100M = VC-3-2v / STS-1-2v
LCAS Overview
LinkCapacity
Adjustment
Extension for Virtual Conc. carried in H4/K4 byte
Add/Remove bandwidth uninterrupted
Page 52 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
AdjustmentScheme
End-to-endReal-Time
CommunicationStandardized ITU-T G.7042, referred by ANSI
HandshakeProtocolbetween edge NE
Los Angeles
Seattle
Dallas
Washington
Chicago
San FranciscoSan Jose
Atlanta
New YorkBoston
Kansas CityDenverColumbus
Los Angeles
Seattle
Dallas
Washington
Chicago
San FranciscoSan Jose
Atlanta
New YorkBoston
Kansas CityDenverColumbus
LCAS - Add Bandwidth hitless
Location BNE
NE
Page 53 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Houston OrlandoHouston Orlando
Operator manually provisions add. 50M path
Location AOperator installs VC & LCAS edge equipment
LCAS protocol runs between the two edge NE!NE negotiate - when the additional path gets valid and into service!
LCAS Succeeds A connection with 100M is in service!
Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme
LCAS
Cost EfficientNew NE necessary
only at the edgeTransparent to
core network
Enables Value added servicesBandwidth on demand”Soft” Protection99.999% up-time
Page 54 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
LCASBENEFITS
Flexible & scalableOffers variable VC bandwidth in real-time!
RestorationVirtual Concatenation
link protection & recovery
Challenges aheadEfficient & suited mappings for all diverse data clients! “...one mapping fits all...?!?”
SONET/SDH
Page 55 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Rate adaptation between asynchronous clients and synchronous transport network
Asynchronous Rates Synchronous
Rates
GGenericenericFFrameramePProcedurerocedurePProcedurerocedure
SONE
T MU
X/DEM
UX
Native
Inter
faces
New SONET/SDH at the Edge
?VC LCASGFPEthernetFicon
Edge CoreAdaptationCustomer Operator
Page 57 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
SONET/SDH
SONE
T MU
X/DEM
UX
Native
Inter
faces ?
That’s “ New SONET/SDH “
VirtualConcatenationLink Capacity Adjustment Scheme
Generic Frame ProcedureLAPS
FiconEscon
Fibre Channel
GFP Overview
GenericFrame
Data En-capsulationfor various services
Rate Adaptation Mechanism
Page 58 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
FrameProcedure
Asynch.clients over synchronous networks
Standardized ITU-T G.7041
referred by ANSI
SANs
FICON
ESCO
N
Ethernet
DVI
HDLCFrame Relay POS
DATA (IP, IPX, MPLS,...)
RPR
Fibre C
hannel
Voice Video
PrivateLines
The Big picture
Page 59 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
ATM
HDLC
Fiber
GFP-T
SONET/SDHWDM / OTN
GFP-FGFP
GFP - Layer Model
GFP - Client Specific Aspects (payload dependent)GFP - Common Aspects
Ethernet IP/PPP Fibre Channel OthersClients
GFPFrame Mapped Transparent Mapped
ESCON
Page 60 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
GFP - Common Aspects (payload independent)SONET/SDH VC-n Path OTN ODUk Path Others(e.g. Fibre)Transport
Generic Frame ProcedureG.7041 Generic Frame Procedure defines
Client encapsulation - for transport over SONET/SDH or OTN networks
Frame formats - for various clients Mapping Procedures - for client signals into GFP
Page 61 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
Why do we need a new framing procedure? simple and scalable traffic adaptation for different
transport rates flexible approach for data transmission which requires stringent
delay, QoS
SStructure tructure ooffGGFP FP -- FFramesramesGGFP FP -- FFramesrames
Core Header
GFP Frame Overview
Client Payload Field
Payload Headers gives typeof client and supports client specific management procedures Includes CRC detection & correction Length 4 to 64 byte
PayloadHeaders
Core Header contains the length of the payload area and start of frame info and CRC-16 error detection & correction Length 4 byte
Page 63 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
PayloadArea
8 bit
GFP Payload Area transports higher layer specific information Length 4 to 65535 byte
Client Payload Field contains client frames (GFP-F) orclient characters (GFP-T)
ClientPayloadInformation
Optional Payload FCS protects the client payload information field CRC-32 Length 4 byte
OptionalPayload FCS
GFP gets scrambled before transmission!
GGFP FP --OOperationperationMModesodesMModesodes
GFP Operation Modes
GFP-T (Transparent Mapped): Client characters are directly mapped in GFP-T
00GFP-F (Framed Mapped): For packet oriented clients, e.g. Ethernet One Client Packet = packed in one GFP frame (1:1)Minimal overhead
Page 65 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
GFP IDLE Frame: Rate Adaptation (“stuffing”)GFP Management Frame: under study
Client characters are directly mapped in GFP-T frames e.g. Fibre Channel Fixed length GFP framesMinimal Latency
GFP Operation Modes
1GigE
GFP-FFrame by Frame
GFPEthernet FrameGFP GFP GFP EthGFPGFP Eth. Framevariable
Page 66 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
GFP-T
1GigE IDLELE EthEth. Frame IDLEEthernet Frame
TransparentGFP TransparentGFP TransparentGFP GFP
GFP GFP Header or IDLE frames
Block by Block
fixedGFP
GFP-F Client vs. Transport Rate
Variable Client RateGFP-FMbit/s
FIFOIDLEs
+Mappe
Constant Transport RateMbit/s
Page 67 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
t OGFP-F Mapper
+er tGFP-F IDLEs
ClientEthernetFast EthernetGigabit EthernetIPPPP
GFP-T Client vs. Transport Rate
MappDecoder/ Coder
100+x %
GFP-TMbit/s
Constant Client Data Rate
100 %Mbit/s
Constant Transport Rate
Page 68 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
GFP-T Mapper
per/ Coder
tEffective Payload
Client IDLEsFibre ChannelESCONFICONGigabit Ethernet10 GigEAnything!
tGFP Overhead
Effective PayloadClient IDLEs
Generic Frame Procedure
GFP
ReliableEasy & stabile algorithmHeader Correction
Expandable with no need for
new transport equipment
Page 69 May 2007 SPCNL / SLW / SCM TRCopyright Siemens Public Communication Networks (Pvt.) Ltd., 2007. All rights reserved.
GFPBENEFITS
New Opportunities
Technological & Economical
Compatibleworks with basically any higher layer service and lower layer network!
Granularity at VC12 level in Switch Matrix to ensure compactness and effective use of container capacity.
DCC Transparency to ensure Network management in Multi Vendor Environment
Open interface for NMS - CORBA
Additional issues – for New GEN. SDH
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