Sustainable ICTs for Agriculture & Global Trends
Presented at
15-17 Nov 2018
Nanjing, China
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
17 Goals.169 targets to achieve within the next 12 years!
AGRICULTURE & FOOD SECURITY
There is more than enough food produced today to feed everyone in the world, yet close to 821 (2017) million are chronically hungry.
One in nine people on the planet still suffer from hunger
Every year, the world loses or waste about a third of the food it produces
Women make up almost half the agricultural workforce, but they own less land and lack
access to resources.
A third of farmland is degraded, up to 75 percent of crop genetic diversity has been lost and 22 percent of animal breeds are at risk.
Average age of farmers is increasing
The number of hungry people has barely changed during the past 2 years
Multiple burden of malnutrition despite decades of economic growth.
Increasingly impacted by climatic shocks
Asia and the Pacific Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition
• Continued stagnation in hunger levels in Asia and the Pacific. Rise in some sub-regions
• Slow down of reduction of undernutrition -changing food systems in the region - double burden of malnutrition in all countries. Unacceptably high prevalence of undernutrition in
young children + rising overweight and obesity in children and adults.
• Need for shared actions implemented through
multi-sectoral approaches
• Growing incidence of and damage from climate-related disasters negatively affecting food security and nutrition.
• Urban malnutrition – New challenges and need for new nutrition partners and policy advocates.
UNDERNOURISHMENT IN ASIA-PACIFIC
17.716.8
15.715
14.413.8
13.413
12.612
11.6 11.5 11.4
667.1
639.5
605.4
583.6
567.5
550.2539.6
529.7
515.3
497.5486.8 486.5 486.1
450
500
550
600
650
700
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Nu
mb
er o
f U
nd
ern
ou
rish
ed (
Mill
ion
)
Pre
vale
nce
of
Un
der
no
uri
shm
ent
(Per
cen
t) PoU NoU
CLIMATE CHANGE & AGRICULTURE
49.3 48.146
37
29 28
18 17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
PakistanFloods (2011)
PhilippinesTyphoon
(2013)
VietnamFloods (2016)
MyanmarFloods (2014)
Nepal Floods(2017)
Lao PDRTyphoon
(2011)
Fiji Cyclone(2016)
Sri LankaFloods (2017)
Perc
ent
Share of agriculture in total damage and loss
IMPACT OF CLIMATE-RELATED SHOCKS
Source: Based on EM-DAT
Climate-related events are negatively impacting agricultural livelihoods in the region
170 million workdays
3.36B in wages in 2011
540 400 people affected
USD 4.2 million
RAPID URBANIZATION
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
bill
ion
per
son
s
Rural population Urban population
BROAD CATEGORIES OF CHALLENGES
The coping strategies of farmers and their resilience in the face of droughtsLack of famers capacity and knowledge to adopt newer farming practicesPopulation growth and diverse food habitsShrinking access to arable landYouth in agriculture, average age of farmersLack of access to quality agricultural inputsLack of farm/agriculture mechanization adaptationLack of access to water resourcesInadequate supplies of improved crop varieties and certified seedsInsufficient access to credit by the farmersInadequate extension support to farmersPoor on-farm management of water, crops, and pestsLack of post harvest storage & logistics infrastructure access by farmers resulting in post harvest lossesDisaster management and early warningMarketing, channels, access to markets and linkages
Production and post production processingSocial and gender issuesFood quality standards and monitoring
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION & SDGs
Satellite ImageryGIS
DronesIOTs
Mobile BroadbandSatellite
Fixed / Fibre
Cloud, DatabaseDigital Platform and
AnalyticsDLT / Blockchain
Mobile e-application
IOTsSensors
Smart MetersEV Charging
Mobile BroadbandWireless Networks
Smart GridsHome Energy Gateway
And Network
Cloud ComputingDatabase
Digital Platform and Analytics
Mobile e-application
Displays
IOTs(e.g. RFIDs /Health
Sensors / Wearables)
Location
Mobile BroadbandHome Wireless
SatelliteFixed / Fiber
Cloud computingDatabase
Digital Platform and Analytics
Mobile e-application
Remote monitoring
Enab
ling En
viron
men
t , Digital In
clusio
n
Skills and
capacity B
uild
ing
Inn
ovatio
n
+
Source: ITU-T Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities
SUSTAINABLE SMART CITY
MOBILE COVERAGE & BROADBAND
Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ ICT Indicators database (*estimate)
SMART CITIES – Powered by ICTs
Digital Agenda for Europe
Smart Cities (China)
Realizing the potential of digital technologies countries and entities have embarked on digital nation, smart city, digital transformation programs
EXISTING AND IOT POTENTIAL SERVICES
• RFID• Bluetooth• Zigbee• WiFi
IOT TECHNOLOGIES
Long RangeFixed & Short Range
LoRaWAN
https://www.lora-alliance.org/
Sigfox
https://www.sigfox.com/en/coverage
865 operators investing in LTE, including pre-commitment trials. 681 commercially launched LTE or LTE-Advanced networks in 208
countries, including those using LTE for FWA services, as well as 114 LTE-TDD (TD-LTE) networks launched in 60 countries.
156 commercial VoLTE networks in 76 countries and 229 operators investing in VoLTE in 107 countries.
261 launched networks that are LTE-Advanced in 119 countries. 690–700 anticipated commercially launched LTE networks by end-
2018 (GSA forecast). 60 NB-IoT and 18 LTE-M/Cat-M1 networks commercially launched
with 57 other operators investing in NB-IoT and 26 other operators investing in LTE-M/Cat-M1 in the form of tests, trials or planned deployments.
154 operators that have been engaged in, are engaged in, plan to engage in, or have been licensed to undertake 5G demos, tests or trials of one or more constituent technologies.
67 telecom operators in 39 countries have announced intentions of making 5G available to their customers between 2018 and 2022
Report:
Evolution
from LTE to
5G, GSA
https://gsacom.com/
LTE AND NB-IOT
5G – vision of a more connected services
HIGH SPEED BROADBAND AND IOT
5G TIMELINES: ITU-R AND 3GPP
SERVICES THAT 5G WOULD ENABLE
LOW-COST, HIGH POWER SENSORS
Sensor Types (source: harbor research @ HarborResearch.com)
FINTECH
Key
Technologies
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Artificial Intelligence
Blo
ckch
ain
Relatively cheap and
scalable computing
resources
High quality
data
Mass data storage
and data
aggregation
Improve the speed and
quality of data
collection and
processing
Reg
Tech
Source: Dr. Han Han, Senior Engineer, China Academy of ICT
Key technology driver for the development of the financial
industry.
INTERSECTORAL LEVERAGE
Universal Broadband
Infrastructure Security
Emergency
IoT, Sensor Networks, GIS, Satellites
C&I
Health
Agriculture
Governance
Spectrum Management
Standards, Conformity & Interoperability
Digital Inclusion
SMART SOCIETY
Green ICT & E-Waste
Education
TransportCapacity Building
Electricity
Water
Finance
Measurements
Privacy & Security
Policy & Regulation
Applications
Investment
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE
Artificial
Intelligence
Distributed Ledger
Technologies (DLT)
TECHNOLOGY HIERARCHY
Technologies:Used To CreateApplications
Applications:Crypto-currency as a ‘means of payment’ and/or a ‘digital asset’
Source: Leon Perlman, ITU Asia-Pacific CoE Training on Distributed Ledger Technologies (Blockchain) Ecosystem and Decentralization
DISTRIBUTED LEDGER TECHNOLOGIES
DLT BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM
35
[Blackmooncrypto.com]Source: J.-M. Seigneur, “Distributed Ledger Technologies (Blockchain) Ecosystem and Decentralization,” presented at the ITU Asia-Pacific Centre of Excellence Bangkok 2018 DLT Training, 2018, http://itu.int/go/Blockchainsep2018
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
The state of agriculture, food security and nutrition in the world
The role of digital technologies in agriculture
Achieving more through cross-sectoral partnerships
ROLE OF ICTS IN AGRICULTURE
E-AGRICULTURE SERVICE CATEGORIES
- Infrastructure- Interoperability- Reliable Data- Data sharing/ privacy - Policies & Regulations
- Digital Literacy- Gender-Digital Divide- Data Analytics- Capacity Development- Support to Innovations
ADDRESSING KEY BUILDING BLOCKS
FAO-ITU technical assistance to countries in developing their
National E-Agriculture Strategy
• 2015-2016: Bhutan and Sri Lanka
• 2016: Lao PDR ICT Masterplan
• 2016-2017: Philippines, Papua New Guinea and
Fiji.
• 2017: Myanmar’s agriculture extension modernization strategy
• 2017-2018: Afghanistan
• 2018-2019: Pakistan
E-AGRICULTURE STRATEGY
E-AGRICULTURE SOLUTIONS/SERVICES IDENTIFIED
Capacity Building
Online ContentDisaster Management
Banking, Trading, Insurance
Data Collection, Data Bases, Data Analytics, Modeling
Services, Logistics, Climate Change and
Monitoring
CommunicationICT Infrastructure
Connectivity
CATEGORIES
DOCUMENTING CASE STUDIES
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6733e.pdf
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6972e.pdf
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5477e.pdfhttp://www.fao.org/3/I849
4EN/i8494en.pdf
http://www.fao.org/3/i8303en/I8303EN.pdf
http://www.fao.org/3/i8133ru/I8133RU.pdf
COMING SOON
E-AGRICULTURE IN ACTIONBlockchain for Agriculture:Opportunities and Challenges
BRINGING SOLUTION SEEKERS AND PROVIDERS TOGETHER
Bangkok, Thailand29-31 August 2016
Nanjing, China15-17 November 2018
DIGITAL SERVICES PORTFOLIO @ FAO
• FAO Digital Services Portfolio: mobile technology• Agro-Met Services: capacity development
assisting countries to offer agrometeorological services
• FishID: machine learning & image recognition• Blockchain for food security and traceability• #HackAgainstHunger: digital innovation and
youth entrepreneurship• Innovative Partnerships: UNIN, GEE, WMO, ITU
& Telefonica
• Digital Innovation Ecosystem: FAO Accelerators and Incubators
THANK YOU
@thisisgerard
Gerard Sylvester
www.itu.int
Ashish Narayan
www.fao.org