![Page 1: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© 2008 Climate Works 1
Sustainable Development and Public Transport
Ramon J. Cruz
May 10, 2011
Commission on Sustainable Development Learning Centre
United Nations CSD-19 Meeting, New York
![Page 2: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 2
The context: The context:
rapid urbanization, rapid urbanization, rapid motorization,rapid motorization,
rising but disparate incomesrising but disparate incomes
![Page 3: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© 2008 Climate Works 3
with a large share of the worldwith a large share of the world’’s people unable s people unable to afford private motor vehicles in our lifetimeto afford private motor vehicles in our lifetime
Photo: Carlos Pardo
![Page 4: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 4
Which path will developing countries follow?
USA
Japan
![Page 5: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 5
Motorization grows with income, but not on a single path
Source: Lee Schipper, Univesirty of California, Berkeley, 2009
Korea
USA
![Page 6: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© 2008 Climate Works 6Source: CAF – Observatorio de Movilidad Urbana
Public Transport Is Essential for Especially for the Poor
Argentine Peso (ARS) in 2006 USD values
Train
Bus
Metro
![Page 7: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 7
Which model of urbanization is being followed?Which model of urbanization is being followed?
![Page 8: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 8
For whom are transport systems being designed and managed?
Photo: Carlos Pardo
Photo: Carlos Pardo Photo: Carlos Pardo
Photo: Carlos Pardo
![Page 9: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 9
Are transport services designed to meet the needs of women, children, the elderly & disabled?
and to protect public health and safety?
Source: Carlos F. Pardo
Photo: Carlos PardoPhoto: Carlos Pardo
Photo: Carlos Pardo
![Page 10: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 10
A choice for decision-makers…
Unmanaged motorization
� subsidies for motor fuel
� expansion of high speed roads
� motor vehicles displace cyclists, pedestrians, public transport
� disorganized public transport
� unmanaged sprawl, urbanization
� high inequality of access
Or Sustainable transport
� support for quality public transport
� protected road space for buses, pedestrians, cyclists, public space
� rail or bus rapid transit organized in high demand corridors
� transit oriented development
� more equitable access for all
![Page 11: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 11
High carbon unsustainable path
![Page 12: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 12
Design for exclusive high cost mobility
Encourages separated land usesMakes jobs inaccessible to those lacking private motor vehiclesRobs pedestrians & cyclists of social status, pushes them into gutter
![Page 13: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 13
![Page 14: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 14
Motor fuel subsidies
For every unit transferred to poor, 3-5 times more goes to higher income people*
Boost equity with higher fuel taxes, support for health, education, user-side subsidies
Induced demand
Access to rural roads improves education, healthcare access
But expansion of urban roads boosts traffic, worsens equity
Expansion of transit, walking, biking boosts use of those modes
* Source: IMFSurvey * Source: IMFSurvey –– Rethinking Fuel Subsidies 2007Rethinking Fuel Subsidies 2007
![Page 15: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 15
Design for the young & old, rich & poor, able & disabled
Photo: Carlos Pardo
![Page 16: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 16
Car dependence can be reversed
Graph: Sao Paulo Municipality
Sao Paulo Success
![Page 17: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 17
Singapore
transit trip share:
40% in 1975
65% in 2010
With the majority of transit trips on buses
![Page 18: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 18
Bogota success
![Page 19: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 19
http://www.bogotacomovamos.org/datos/AE_14_Bogota_Como_Vamos_2009.pdf
1600 surveys, error 2.6% with a 95% confidence level
![Page 20: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 20
High Quality Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)
![Page 21: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 21
Guangzhou: Pre-BRT
![Page 22: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 22
Guangzhou With BRT
![Page 23: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 23
Stockholm
Singapor
Bogota
Avoid unnecessary or low value travel with smart pricing, development, logistics, supply chains, communications
Singapore
To boost transportation operational efficiency: To boost transportation operational efficiency: AVOID AVOID –– SHIFTSHIFT-- IMPROVEIMPROVE
![Page 24: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 24
Stockholm
Singapor
Bogota
Shift travel to more efficient modes
Singapore
To boost transportation operational efficiency: To boost transportation operational efficiency: AVOID AVOID –– SHIFTSHIFT-- IMPROVEIMPROVE
![Page 25: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 25
Stockholm
Singapor
Bogota
Improve efficiency with more efficient vehicles, lower carbon fuels, and efficiently operated road networks
Singapore
To boost transportation operational efficiency: To boost transportation operational efficiency: AVOID AVOID –– SHIFTSHIFT-- IMPROVEIMPROVE
![Page 26: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 26
1. Start with the pedestrian:
The vast majority of all trips made daily worldwide are on foot
Before
After
Seoul, KoreaSeoul, Korea
![Page 27: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 27
2. Provide high quality public transport connecting urban and suburban centers, with integrated fare systems and efficient intermodal/interline transfers
![Page 28: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 28
3. Encourage cycling and link it to public transport and major activity centers with continuous networks and secure parking/intermodal centers
Hangzhou Bicycle Sharing
![Page 29: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 29
4. Employ appropriate transportation market incentives and pricing with intelligent transportation systems
![Page 30: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 30
5. Design ‘Complete Streets’ safely serving all users and modes of transport
![Page 31: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 31
6. Manage the speed of motor vehicles for safety and system performance
![Page 32: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 32
7. Enhance transport services with new information, services, travel modes, innovation, telecommunications
![Page 33: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 33
8. Activate public space with small blocks, small streets, urban parks, climate sensitive design, and dense mixed-use people-oriented development
![Page 34: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 34
Ensure more funds on balance go to sustainable transport
![Page 35: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35
Transport and Climate Finance
Approaching
$100 Billion p.a.
by 2020
$ Trillions
Now!
$30 Billion (new & additional climate finance)
for 2010-2012
![Page 36: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 36
Forge partnerships to finance the new vision: ASAP
![Page 37: Sustainable Development and Public Transport · Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 35 Transport and Climate Finance Approaching $100 Billion p.a. by 2020 $ Trillions](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022043021/5f3d739e334a94068744292d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy 37
For More Information
Ramon J. Cruz
Climate Policy Specialist
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy
9 East 19th St. 7th Floor
New York, NY USA
www.itdp.org
Acknowledgements:Thanks to Carlos Pardo, GIZ, Luc Nadal, and other for
several photos used herein
37