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Sustain or transform; secure, safe & equitable livelihoods in small‐scale fisheriesPip CohenWorldFish
Rome, 18‐21 November 2019
International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability:Strengthening the Policy‐Science Nexus
Session 4Panel 4.2
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Fisheries Livelihoods
• 120 million full‐time + part‐time workers in capture fisheries
• 97% in developing countries
• 90% work in small‐scale fisheries – largest group of ocean users
• Inland fisheries 60 million people
World Bank 2012, OECD 2016, FAO 2013
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Fisheries Livelihoods
• High # jobs + revenue –sustainable management of stocks, evaluate trade‐offs
• High # jobs ‐ protect SSF access, support SSF enterprises
• Sub‐Saharan Africa, Asia’s mega‐deltas + Pacific SIDS ‐SSF food & livelihoods for decades
World Bank 2012, Golden et al. 2017, Selig et al. 2018
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Fisheries Livelihoods Serving Nutrition
• Essential micro‐nutrients 4 billion consumers (Béné et al. 2015 Food Security)
• Mismatches nutrition potential & outcomes (Hicks et al. 2019 Nature)
“Sardinella was typically known as ‘the fish of the poor’, but that’s no longer
true…Before we had no problem accessing sardinella to supply our processing”
Network of Women for Artisanal Fishing
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Gender Equality in and through Fisheries Livelihoods
• Women are key in value chains (Kleiber et al. 2015 Fish & Fisheries)
• Gender influences ‐ access, participation in, and benefits from improved livelihoods (Lawless et al. 2019 Maritime Studies)
• Gender missing or narrow view of women's empowerment in livelihoods initiatives (Stacey et al. 2019)
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Cole et al. 2018 Ecology & Society
waste & loss
• Challenging existing inequalities ‐ structures and norms
• Gender Transformative Approach
Challenging structures
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Innovation fascination
In striving to find innovations to enhance economic, environmental & social sustainability, are we giving adequate attention to structural barriers and change?
“scale mismatches between reef stressors & proposed interventions”
Bellwood et al. 2019, Bio. Cons.Morrison et al. 2019 Nature
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The values, services, benefits & rights associated with small‐scale fisheries livelihoods & development needs of rural, coastal, agricultural communities
negotiated, recognized, committed
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Edward Burtnysky
Livelihoods through transformative change
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International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability