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SUPPORTINGSLIDES
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Rigid and Flexible Assumption
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Quick Release Mechanism
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Load CellZero load250 lb500 lbFull load
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Load cell connection
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Lvdt and Dial gage
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Cable and load cell
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Typical LVDT Record
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Typical Accelerometer Record
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New Mix: G1 Series
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New Mix: G2 Series
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More cylinders: EC,ASTM32
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CompressometerCompressometer: ELE InternationalDial gage: Federal: Model C2I (0.0001 in)Machine: Forney Model F-60C-DFM/1 Year 1999
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Stresses in Free Vibration Test
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Stresses in Free-Vibration Tests
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Idealized Stress vs Strain
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for Ec= 3800 ksiExterior FramesInterior Frames0.850.92D Frame Analysis
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3D Model with Ec= 5000 ksi
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Assumption details f and k for Ec= 3800 ksiError= 15-25%Error= 20-40%
AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate5150Thick Plate6461
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Assumption detailsf and k for Ec 50% LargerError= 3-7%Error= 4-18%
AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate7775Thick Plate9692
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Stresses in the pluck-testTotal Weight: 440 kipsStresses at the the columns: 440/(6*18*18)=225 psiStresses due to lateral load (2 kips): 40 psiTotal stresses: 265 psiStress/fc 0.06 (1/15)
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Mass CalculationPlain Concrete: 142 lb/ft3MATERIALSSteel: 490 lb/ft3COLUMNSPLATES
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SAP2000 Thin Plate Vs. Thick PlateEven for thin-plate bending problems where shearing deformations are truly negligible, the thick-plate formulation tends to be more accurate, although somewhat stiffer, than the thin-plate formulation. However, the accuracy of the thick-plate formulation is more sensitive to large aspect ratios and mesh distortion than is the thin-plate formulation.Shearing deformations tend to be important when the thickness is greater than about one-tenth to one-fifth of the span. They can also be quite significant in the vicinity of bending-stress concentrations, such as near sudden changes in thickness or support conditions, and near holes or re-entrant corners.It is generally recommended that you use the thick-plate formulation unless you are using a distorted mesh and you know that shearing deformations will be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate solution.SAP2000 Analysis Reference
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Cracks on the building
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UCLA Flat-Plate Structure
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UCLA Flat-Plate Structure9%23%8%20%
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Modified Compressometer