Download - Substations (Presentación)
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ELECTRICAL SUBSTATIONS
Rodrigo Achury Duarte
Leonardo Rodrguez Corts
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WHAT IS AN ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION?
Its the development and implementation
of a node in the system.
Set of equipment used to direct the flow
of energy in a power system, and to
guarantee the security of the system.
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TYPES OF SUBSTATIONS
Substation of generation
Substation of transformation
Substation of maneuver
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TYPES OF SUBSTATIONS
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TYPES OF SUBSTATIONS
The substations can be too:
Conventional or Insolated in the air -
AIS
Encapsulated or Insolated in SF6 - GIS
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TYPES OF SUBSTATIONS
Interior or Exterior
execution.
Also cells for
substations of
medium and low
tension
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MAIN PARTS IN SUBSTATIONS
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MAIN PARTS IN SUBSTATIONS
Yard of connections
Set of equipment and busbars of a
substation with the same tension level
and electrical association.
Generally located in the same area of the
substation.
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TRANSFORMERS YARD
Area of substation when are located
the power transformers. Generally
between yards of connections to
different levels.
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SUBSTATIONS FIELD
The substations field is the
addition of areas connections and
transformers yards, circulations
and maintenance routes, buildings,
etc.
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OTHER DEFINITIONS
Module of connections
Set of equipment needed to connect a circuit to a busbar system of a connections yard.
Collectors Busbars
Physic element of connections yard that represents a system node.
Physics disposition
It`s the physics order of the different equipment of connections yards for determinated
configurations.
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SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF POWER SYSTEM
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ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION MODEL (SIDE-VIEW)
A:Primary power lines' side
B:Secondary power lines' side
1.Primary power lines
2.Ground wire
3.Overhead lines
4.Transformer for measurement of electric voltage
5.Disconnect switch
6.Circuit breaker
7.Current transformer
8.Lightning arrester
9.Main transformer
10.Control building
11.Security fence
12.Secondary power lines
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Busbars(long heavy
tube type)
BUSBARS (Barras)
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BUSBAR (or bus, for short) is a term we use for a main bar or conductor carrying an
electric current to which many connection may be made.
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AB
Disconnect Switch( moving contact rod (A) & contacts with
flexible fingers (B) )
Disconnect Switch (Interruptor de desconexin)
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DISCONNECT is an easily removed piece of
the actual conductor of a circuit. The purpose of
disconnects is to isolate equipment. Disconnects
are not used to interrupt circuits; they are no-load
devices
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Circuit Breakers( Connected in a typical 3-phase
circuit )
Operating
Mechanism
Panel
Position
Indicator
16CIRCUIT BREAKER is used to interrupt circuits while current is flowing through them. The making and breaking of
contacts in a Oil type circuit breaker are done under oil, this oil serves to quench the arc when the circuit is opened.
CIRCUIT BREAKER (Interruptor)
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Substation motorized grounding switches Motorized circuit breaker - switch detail
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CIRCUIT BREAKER (Interruptor)
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CURRENT TRANSFORMER One current
transformer can be used to operate several
instruments, provided that the combined burden does
not exceed that for which the transformer is designed
and compensated. The current transformer is
connected directly in series with the line.
CURRENT TRANSFORMER (Transformador de Corriente)
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VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER also know aspotential transformer, are used with volt-meters,wattmeters, watt-hour meters, power-factor meters,frequency meters, synchroscopes and synchronizingapparatus, protective and regulating relays and the no-voltage and over-voltage trip coils of automatic circuitbreakers.
VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER (Transformador de Potencial)
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A transformer is a static
machine used for
transforming power from one
circuit to another without
changing frequenc .
Power Transformer (Transformador de Potencia)
http://www.electrical4u.com/electrical-power-transformer-
definition-and-types-of-transformer/
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SURGE ARRESTER (Descargador)
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1. Ability to remove the surge energy from the
line in a min. time.
2. High resistive to flow of power current.
3. A valve action automatically allowing surge
to pass and then closing up so as not to
permit power current to flow to ground.
4. Always ready to perform.
5. Performance such that no system
disturbances are introduced by its
operation.
6. Economically feasible
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LINE TRAPS (TRAMPAS DE ONDA)
Line Traps are connected in
series. The main funtion is
present a high impedance at the
carrier frecuency band while
introducing negligible Impedance
ar the power frecuency,
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REFERENCES
FIME, Iluminacin y Alta Tensin, divisin de Ingeniera Elctrica, Equipo Elctrico
ABB, Interruptores extrables y seccionables para equipamiento compacto aislado en aire, 72,5-420 kV, Edicin 2, 2006-
01.
Mar P. Jos G.Vidal L. Eric D., Descripcin y funcin del equipo de una subestacin elctrica, Universidad Veracruzana,
Abril de 2011
Balkan energy services OOD, Presentacin Subestaciones Elctricas, http://balkangroup.eu/
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