-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
1/22
Power Generation Using
Stirling EngineBy
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
2/22
Introduction
• In 1816, a Scottish Reverend, Robert Stirling won a patent on a hot air engine.
• It could convert heat to work (or vice versa) through repeated copression and e!pansion o"
the working "luid at di""erent teperature levels.
• #he stirling engine works on this concept.
• #his engine can be used to produce energ$ "ro heat or can be used to convert work into
heat energ$.• #he stirling c$cle on which the engine is based , has an e""icienc$ sae as that o" the %arnot
c$cle.
• It is siple and sa"e alternative to stea since there is no risk o" boiler e!plosion.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
3/22
Stirling Cycle
•Isothermal Compression. #he copression space is intercooled, so the gas undergoes near&isotheral
copression.
• Constant-Volume (known as isovoluetric or isochoric) heat-addition. #he copressed air "lows back
through the regenerator and picks&up heat on the wa$ to the heated e!pansion space.
•Isothermal Expansion. #he e!pansion&space is heated e!ternall$, and the gas undergoes near&isotheral
e!pansion.
• Constant-Volume (known as isovoluetric or isochoric) heat-removal. #he gas is passed through theregenerator, thus cooling the gas, and trans"erring heat to the regenerator "or use in the ne!t c$cle.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
4/22
Stirling Engine
• ' Stirling engine is a heat engine operating b$
c$clic copression and e!pansion o" air or
other gas, the working "luid, at di""erent
teperature levels such that there is a net
conversion o" heat energ$ to echanical
work.
• nlike the stea engines usage o" water as
the working "luid in both its li*uid andgaseous phases, the Stirling engine encloses a
"i!ed *uantit$ o" peranentl$ gaseous "luid
such as air or heliu.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
5/22
ypes !" Stirling engine
• #lpha Stirling
'n alpha Stirling contains two power pistons in separate c$linders,one hot and one cold. #he hotc$linder is situated inside the highteperature heat e!changer and the
cold c$linder is situated inside thelow teperature heat e!changer.
• Beta Stirling' beta Stirling has a single
power piston arranged within thesae c$linder on the sae sha"t as adisplacer piston.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stirling_Animation.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alpha_Stirling.gif
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
6/22
Gamma Stirling
' gaa Stirling is sipl$ a beta Stirling in which the power piston
is ounted in a separate c$linder alongside the displacer piston
c$linder, but is still connected to the sae "l$wheel.
$ree piston Stirling engines
In a "ree piston engine the piston reciprocates against a gas or etal spring
onl$, the displacer is copletel$ "ree or also acts against a spring.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
7/22
#lpha ype Stirling
• #he alpha Stirling engine consists o" two c$linders which have a + degree angle between their linear working paths. -oth pistons are connected at the sae point onthe cranksha"t and the two c$linders are connected b$ a pipe.
• 's with all Stirling engines the gas called the working "luid never leaves thesec$linders and pipes. #his working "luid is usuall$ air, h$drogen or heliu.
• #he two pistons are oined in such a wa$ that the$re in linear otion can betranslated into rotational otion which can be used to power a echanis like a power generator.
• #he heating c$linder would have an e!ternal heating source which could be a "uel burner or petroleu or it could be a renewable energ$ source like solar power.
• #he alpha Stirling engine is siilar to a two c$linder two stroke cobustion enginein that each c$linder produces a power stroke in one rotation o" the cranksha"t.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
8/22
Expansion
/ost o" the gas in the s$ste has ust been driven into the hot c$linder. #he
gas heats and e!pands driving both pistons inward.
rans"er
#he gas has e!panded (about 0 tiesin this e!aple). /ost o" the gas(about 20) is still located in the hotc$linder. 3l$wheel oentu carriesthe cranksha"t the ne!t + degrees,trans"erring the bulk o" the gas to thecool c$linder.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
9/22
Contraction
#he aorit$ o" the e!panded gas hasshi"ted to the cool c$linder. It cools
and contracts, drawing both pistonsoutward.
rans"er
#he contracted gas is still located inthe cool c$linder. 3l$wheeloentu carries the crank another
+ degrees, trans"erring the gas to back to the hot c$linder to copletethe c$cle.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
10/22
!%&ective o" our pro&ect
• 4eneration o" clean, renewable 5 econoical power using Stirling engine.
• #o "abricate a sel" sustained portable power generation unit.
• #his unit would help to produce clean power at low cost.
• #his unit a$ help to reduce the crisis o" low cost power generation units.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
11/22
!ur Pro&ect
• e have odi"ied a two stage copressor (17p), to work as an 'lpha t$pe stirling
engine.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
12/22
• e added two blocks, onein each c$linder betweenthe "lange and the head to
increase the volue in thec$linders, in order tocontain the workingediu under speci"ic pressure.
• e procured two solid blocks o" ild steel "ro anearb$ workshop and weachined these blocks as
per the designre*uireents in the collegeworkshop.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
13/22
• #he operations that were per"ored on the blocks toatch the design re*uireents were.
9rilling
-oring
#urning
' band t$pe heater was inserted in one o" the blocks.
#he heater used was a band t$pe asbestos lined, which was adeto order as per our design re*uireents.
#hread tapping was done on the head o" the hot side so that theteperature sensor can be inserted inside the c$linders.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
14/22
• It was "ound that the e!isting "l$wheel was unable to provide the re*uiredoentu so that the pistons would coplete the c$cle.
• It was decided that a wooden "l$wheel be "abricated, double the diaeter o" thee!isting "l$wheel and use it as a cobined unit so that the weight is increased and
the oentu is gained.
3abrication o" 3l$wheel
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
15/22
%oplete nit
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
16/22
Predicted 'esults
'ESU(S #I' )* +e +*
:iscosit$%oe""icient
( ).ʋ02s
+.;
4as %onstant(R).
>2?g? 8; +6.+ ;;.6
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
17/22
%@C9I#I@C &
• /ean Aressure (A) D .< /pa
D =; psi
D < ?g2 c
• Swept volue at e!pansion
(7ot side) space D +8.;= c0
• 7ot side #eperature D 1=o%
• %old side #eperature D
1)
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
18/22
%@C9I#I@C & 0
• /ean Aressure (A) D .= /pa
D ; psi
D = ?g2 c
• Swept volue at e!pansion
(7ot side) space D +8.;= c0
• 7ot side #eperature D 1=o%
• %old side #eperature D
1)
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
19/22
Some #pplications o" our Pro&ect
• Solar power generation
• /arine engines
• 'utootive engines
• Cuclear power
• 7$brid electric drive s$ste or electric vehicles
• 'ircra"t engines
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
20/22
$uture Scope
• In domestic "ield E #his will be a wa$ to ake electricit$, heat "or hoe and to produce doestic hot water.
• Industrial "ield E #he recover$ o" all energies released directl$ to the atosphereor into rivers can be used to heat engine and thus generate electricit$.
• ,erchant ships E Stirling engine used as the ean o" ain propulsion, can producean au!iliar$ source o" electricit$ and heating.
• In military "ield E se o" Stirling engine as an au!iliar$ source o" electricit$ "orsubarines and sur"ace vessels.
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
21/22
'e"erences
- (iterature
'it >idge, Rick$ Raan, Sudheendra Sudhakaran, :ia$ Aillai, nder the 4uidance o" 9r. R.I.?. /oorth$
(1), ' proect report on developent o" low teperature Stirling engine.
33: international, Sweden (>anuar$ 1+8), portable power "ro a Stirling c$cle engine, Aopular echanics,
page ohansson, -o #orstensson, #.G. illias, illia 7. 7ou"an, Russell /onahan, Stirling Aower
S$stes %orp (1st 3ebruar$ 1+88), :16 Stirling engine progra update, S'B Aaper no 88=
-
8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation
22/22
han/
0ou