Download - STATE TRENDS
STATE TRENDSNational Conference of State Legislatures
William T. Pound, Executive Director
2004 Legislative Party Control
Split--11
Republican--21
Democrat--17
Divided Government
Divided--30
Unified R--12
Unified D--7
Percentage of Legislative Seats Held by Party 1938-2003
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
Year 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000
% Dem
% Rep
Source: NCSL, 2003
Government Receiptsas % of GDP
1991 2001
• State and Local 9.8% 10.0%
• Federal 17.8% 19.6%
Government Expenditures
2001
• State and Local 9.8%
• Federal 18.4%
• In 2001, Federal Grants to State and Local Government were 17% of the Federal budget. Of this, Medicaid was 45.7% and Highway-Mass Transit was 10.5%.
Total State Spending FY 1991 - FY 2001
FiscalYearTotal Expenditure (millions)Growth overPrevious Fiscal Year 1991628,6349.84%1992701,93111.66%1993743,2625.89%1994775,0404.28%1995837,0328.00%1996859,9582.74%1997893,3923.89%1998929,9524.09%1999998,3657.36%20001,084,0978.59%20011,184,1469.23%Source: Bureau of the Census, State Government Finances
Allocation of State Spending, FY 1991 And FY 2001
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
EducationMedicaid
Other Health & Welfare
HighwaysPublic Safety
Natl Resources/ParksGovt Admin & InterestOther and unallocable
Trust FundsEnterprise
Percent of Total State Spending
1991 2001
Changes in Total State Spending FY1991- FY2001 Selected Programs, Millions of Dollars
FY 1991FY 2001Change% IncreaseMedicaid$91,519$228,039$136,520149.17%Health & Welfare lessMedicaid$79,218$110,525$31,70239.52%Education$197,157$374,539$177,38289.97%Corrections$19,240$38,165$18,92498.36%Trust Funds$64,360118,833$54,47384.64%Subtotal$451,494$870,102$418,60792.71%Total StateExpenditures628,6341,184,146$555,51288.37%Listed Programs' Share71.82%73.48%of Total ExpendituresSource: NCSL compilation based on Census Bureau data and Medicaidspending data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
STATE SPENDING PATTERNS
• K-12 EDUCATION 30.6%
• MEDICAID 14.0%
• HIGHER EDUCATION 11.7%
• CORRECTIONS 6.0%
62.3%
• All other categories - 37.8%
TRENDS
1. A continuous decline in Federal general purpose grant support to State and Local government.
2. Federal support grows in areas requiring significant State Match
3. Growth in Federal Mandates requiring major State expenditures
TRENDS (continued)
Unfunded Mandate
• IDEA (Special Education) $11-25 billion
• No Child Left Behind $ 5-35 billion
• HAVA (Election Reform) $ 1-15 billion
• Homeland Security $ 9-20 billion