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Space Security Index
UN COPUOS
10 June 2010
Cesar Jaramillo, SSI Project Manager
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Space Security Index
The Space Security Index
• Annual assessment of trends and developments that affect space security
• Provides objective and fact-based research to promote transparency and confidence in space activities
• Supports the development of policy to ensure secure access to space for all
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Space Security Index
The Space Security Index
Defining Space Security
• The secure and sustainable use of
space
• Freedom from space-based threats
Methodology
• Research on trends and
developments from open sources
• Online consultation
• Expert review of research
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Space Security Index
Space Security Indicators
1. The Space Environment
2. Space Situational Awareness
3. Laws, Policies, and Doctrines
4. Civil Space Programs and Global Utilities
5. Commercial Space
6. Space Support for Terrestrial Military Operations
7. Space Systems Protection
8. Space Systems Negation
9. Space-Based Strike Capabilities
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Space Security Index
Operating in space
Areas of concern:
• Operating environment
• Number and diversity of actors
• Militarization/Weaponization of space
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Space Security Index
Operating Environment
2009 Collision between Cosmos 2251 and Iridium 33
Parent
Object
Country Date Estimated
#of Pieces*
Cataloged
# of Pieces
Lifespan of
Pieces
Iridium 33 USA 10 Feb Several
hundred
491 Decades
Cosmos
2251
Russia 10 Feb Few
thousand
1143 Decades
• The Space Environment
• Space Situational Awareness
• Laws, Policies and Doctrines
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Space Security Index
Operating Environment
Laws, Policies, and DoctrinesExisting normative architecture for space
activities is outdated and insufficient
Proposals to consider:
1.Sino-Russian PPWT
2.Canada’s ‘3 principles’
3.EU Code of Conduct
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Space Security Index
Number and diversity of space actors
• Civil Space Programs and
Global Utilities
• Commercial Space
Access to outer space is growing
New space actors emerging
Greater demands on space
resources
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Space Security Index
Militarization/Weaponization of Space
• Space Support for Terrestrial Military Operations
• Space Systems Protection
• Space Systems Negation
• Space-Based Strike Capabilities
Vulnerability of ground stations, communication links, and space
assets
Abilities to detect, withstand, recover, and deter attacks
PAROS
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Space Security Index
Key Developments Covered in the SSI
• 2009
- For the first time ever, two satellites
collide in orbit
- US Space Policy Undergoes Review
Process
- EU draft Code of Conduct
- Canada call for security guarantees at
the CD
- Major satellite operators form
coalition - SDA
- Boeing conducts successful test of air-
based laser weapon for USAF
- Iran launches domestic satellite
• What to follow in 2010-
2011?
- Competing proposals for a
space security instrument
- US Space Posture Review
- Private access to space
- Increased interest
in/capabilities for SSA
- New/emerging space-faring
states
- Space shuttle retirement
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Space Security Index
SSI Project Partners
www.spacesecurity.org