Download - SPST-S&T-Telecom on Indian Railways
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Communication requirements for
Railways
• Needed for safe and efficient train operation – Failure in communication may result in safety
hazard & delays to trains
• Types of communication – Control Communication
– Block communication for safety
– Level crossin ate communication
– !merency communication
– "isaster manaement
– #dministrative communication
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Communication Requirements
• VoiceVoice – Railway Board-ZonesRailway Board-Zones
– Inter ZonalInter Zonal – Intra ZonalIntra Zonal
– Intra DivisionIntra Division• Control OfficeControl Office
• StationsStations• Wors!opsWors!ops
• "oco S!eds"oco S!eds
• Stores DepotsStores Depots
• DataData – RAI"#$%RAI"#$% – I#%$R#$%I#%$R#$% – ComputerisedComputerised
ReservationReservation – &OIS&OIS – SCADASCADA – IVRS'IVRS'
• %rain $n(uiry%rain $n(uiry
• )#R $n(uiry)#R $n(uiry – &or *etro Rail&or *etro Rail
OperationsOperations
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Railways+ Communication #etwor Railways+ Communication #etwor
•%ransmission System• *icrowave' Di,italAnalo, ' On *a.or Routes
• /0&' Di,italAnalo,' on Spur Routes• Optic &i1re ' On *a.or Routes
• Switc!in, System• Di,ital $lectronic $2c!an,es' ZonesDivisions• Intercoms ' DepartmentsOffices
• Control Communication' Special to Railways• Omni1us Control Circuits
• *o1ile Communication'• %rains to Control Offices• Driver 3uard Communication
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I. ADMINISTRATIVE (MANAGEMENT SUPPORT) Communication amongst Area Control Office, DivisionalOffices, Zonal Offices, Railway Board office etc :-
a. Tele!one "#c!anges and $. %icrowave&'()&Otical ca$le networ*s.
%a+or Administrative Communication ervices are
. Tele!ones TD, OTD oerator Trun* Dialling/,
Trun* wor*ing/0. Telerinters1. )a#&Tele#2. 3ntercom
4. Data Circuits
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O5"RAT3O6A7 CO%%'63CAT3O6 Communication spread over Long Distances
. Control Communication 0. (ot lines for train oeration 1. %agneto !one communication for 7&C 2. Bloc* !one commn. 4. 5agers for train crew
Communication limited to station yard
. 5aging and tal* $ac* 0. 5A system
1. C.C.T.8. 2. 9al*ie Tal*ie 8()/ 4. tation intercom
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5assenger Amenities:
. 5u$lic Address ystem 0. 5R Data communication/
1. "nuiry : Auto Announcing ystem, 38R 2. Train indicators Arrival&Dearture/ 4. 5latform cloc*s %aster-slaves networ*/
Communication during emergencies Disaster %anagement/
. 8()0. atellite 5!one Communication1. () B/2. ingle C!annel Radio t!roug! DOT networ*
Telecommunication lays a vital role in t!e areas of . 5assenger Amenities and 0. Disaster %anagement
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CONTROL COMMUNICATION : Omnibus telephone ckts.. Section Control/Train control :- )or t!e control of train movements and effective utili;ation of section
caacity. Connected to way side stn.,
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Control Office'
From where Train
Operations are
manage
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'UNCTIONS O' TRAIN CONTROL
. "nsuring seedy and smoot! movement of trains
0. A$normal wor*ing 1. Control of "ngineering and ot!er $loc*s 2. Recording Train %ovement 4. ync!roni;ing of cloc*s at stations
Train !raphs
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REUIREMENT O' TRAIN CONTROL Circit
. Controller a$le to tal* to all stations 0. Ring u individually or simultaneously all stations
1. Ring $ac* tone from way station "t. 2. 9ay stations a$le to call t!e attention ofcontroller 4. Ringing s!ould not interfere wit! seec!
The Most Vital Circuit
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"fficiency of control circuit @ A - B
# A
A @ Total wor*ing !ours in a mont! B @ Total wor*ing !ours lost in a mont!
6ormally efficiency is a$ove 4
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$mer,ency Communication ' %rains !eld up in 1etween stations
3reen)ainted'
DyControl
Red)ainted'
SectionControl
"ner R#
$reas%&oc'ets at
e(ery ) *m
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PRO*LEMS +IT, T,E OVER,EAD LINES CIRCUITS
-. Va&arie o natre
. T 0et o "ire1. Intererence ro% ot0er circit li2e contact alt3eart0 alt3 4rea2a&e3 lo" inlation5. Total interrption6. Maintenance pro4le%
MET,ODS TO IMPROVE CONTROL +OR7ING
-. ACSR ali&n%ent in place o copper (To %ini%i8e "iret0et)
. Soli9 tate %icroproceor 4ae9 p0 4tton controloice e:ip%ent1. Soli9 tate "a! tation elector5. Lo9 pea2er an9 %icrop0one arran&e%ent or controller
6. Ra9io patc0in&;. Rail"a! o"ne9 ali&n%ent Through +,-"F
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R$/O 1$TC2!
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3$R/ Communication% $&+ O44ice to 1oints in 3ar
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+IRELSS COMMUNICATION
- 3ntroduced on 3R after world war 33 - 'sed as a stand$y for land line communication
,' COMMUNICATION (1 $1< M,8)
- 7imited communication caacity - 5oor relia$ility due to variations in t!e lonos!eric reflecting layers - usceti$le to man made noise- electrical noise - Different day and nig!t freuencies - E24 F(; day/&24 F(;nig!t/ - (ig! T# ower
IN,ERENT LIMITATIONS
() - B used during flood&calamities. )rom site to Divl&;onal (G
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V,' COMMUNICATION (1< $ 1 ONL> AT A TIME)
- (and !eld wal*ie-tal*ie used in yard communication, non-interloc*ing, Cons. 9or*,Driver&guard communication, sorts - 5rovided in Accident Relief Trains - 6ormal T# ower outut is 09 - Range is *m to 0 *m
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U,' (ULTRA ,IG, 'RE COMMUNICATION)(1
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DEVELOPMENTS INTELECOMMUNICATIONS
. H >(Z %icrowave ystem
%9 Communication for Control 9or*ing etc./ : On "astern Railway0. Digital %icrowave Communication1. Otic )i$re Communication2. %o$ile Train Radio Communication
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UNIVERSAL EMERGENC> COMMUNICATION (UEC) S>STEM
- To esta$lis! communication $etween a/ Driver&guard of a train and vice versa. $/ Driver&.%. of t!e nearest station and vice versa.
c/ >uard&.%. of t!e nearest station and vice versa. d/ Driver&guard of a train to driver&guard of anot!er train wit!in 4*m. e/ Driver&guard to controller t!roug! $ase station switc!ing/ - !all $e ossi$le for Driver&>uard&% to initiate distress
warning O/ to trains wit!in 4 *m and station wit!in E.4 *m.
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Telecommunication networ' %
2/$2 R$5,$3&
• /nder,round ca1les 7;? m
• *icrowave system =;
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Railway’s Transmission 2etwor'
• *icrowave• )789:78 +;
• Country ,ie networ'
• /igital % 7 += % =#5-T ?2#C Technology@
• $nalog% A60 Channels ? arris @
• /0&• :6)9:68 +B
• !C#5-+#5TRO2-2#C• Optical &i1re
• Railway’s RI30% O& WA• 1/ &/ &ystems
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Railways Needs & $pportunities
• Railways needed lare investment for
modernisin its communication needs
to meet new challenes%
• !istin $ptical Fi're & "iital ()
enerated surplus telecom capacity
• Railways had seamless Right of Way Right of Way
*R$)+ throuh out the country
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APA ITY OF OF
NETWORK
I**$DIA%$• " #D&T2!
7-E-
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Optical carrier &/ =it Rate
OC< &T+) )88.87 +=1&
OC)7 &T+: 677.0E +=1&
OC:E &T+)6 7:EE.
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Mar-90 Mar-95 Mar-96 Mar-97 Mar-98 Mar-99 Mar-00 Mar-01 Mar-02 J ul-03
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SD0 S%*7 Optical &i1re #etwor on C!urc!,ate Virar sectionSD0 S%*7 Optical &i1re #etwor on C!urc!,ate Virar section
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O)%ICA" &IBR$ CAB"$ CO**/#ICA%IO# SS%$*
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http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/Konkan.xls
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Centralised #etwor *ana,ementCentralised #etwor *ana,ement
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,resent .tatus
• (ore than 12333 kms of $FC lit & 41333 kms
of $FC already in place%
• $FC layin proressin at the speed of more
than 533 kms per month%• The core network connectin 2 metro of "elhi6
(um'ai6 0olkota6 Chennai and 2 mini7metros
of #hmeda'ad6 ,une6 .ecundera'ad andBanalore to 'e made ready 'y "ec6 4338
• $FC work is in proress in a'out 49333 kms%
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Railway .ection 0m Cost
*Rs% in Cr%+
NCR "elhi : ;hansi 823 85%85
!R%38
NR Ludhiana : ,athankot 7 ;ammu
Tawi 7 #mritsar
213 83%5>
NR New "elhi7 #m'ala7Ludhiana 811 48%12
NFR New ;alpaiuri7Bonaiaon7
?uwahati
24@ 4>%>A
NFR New ;alpaiuri7Barsoi7(alda
Town70atihar
498 48%24
Total 421@ 152%5
SA#C%IO#$D WORS O& *%RC'
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sin -nternet7'ased
technoloies within an
oranization to facilitate
communication and access to
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What Is an Intranet ?What Is an Intranet ?
RAILNET - Indian Railways’ Intranet
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R$52#T% nian Railways’ ownCorporate ,ie n4ormation &ystem ?C,&@
To pro(ie computer connecti(ity
Ietween (arious aministrati(e units o4 nian
Railways% Railway =oarG ;onal RailwaysG /i(isionsG1rouction "nitsG Centralise Training nstitutes G R/&OG COR#Getc.
RAILNET - Indian Railways’ Intranet
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LEGEND:
2 Mbps OFC (Rly)64 bps (Rly)64 bps (!"#$)9%6 kbps (Rly)
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Railnet% 2etwor'ing nian Railways
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/)3RADA%IO# O& RAI"#$% %O )ROVID$ $AS$ E S$C/RI% O&
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&rei,!t Operations Information System4&OIS@
an integrated computerised information systemto control and monitor freight operations on
Indian Railways.
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Co,ti,uous Car+o Visi*ility
a most critical component of any p!ysical distri1utionsystem
&OIS s!all ena1le frei,!t customers to !ave instant access toinformation re,ardin, t!e current status of t!eir consi,nments in
transit< for
-ust i, ti.e i,/e,tory9
&OIS' O1.ectives
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Correct information captured at source
Reduce manual collection of operational data/niform statistical information availa1le at all levelsOn-line information of accurate forecasts to assist mana,ement inplannin, control and coordination$nsure optimal crew mana,ement*onitor statutory limits for runnin, duty and overtime payments%rac consi,nment in pipeline for mana,erial efficiency$nsure prompt 1illin, of consi,nments !andled)rovide efficient documentation for 1ooin, at ,oods !andlin,
terminalsImprove (uality of service to customers')rompt information to t!eir (ueriesResultin, in increased levels of Custo.er Satis0actio,
&OIS' O1.ectives
&OIS O1. ti
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*onitorin, of frei,!t trains ' t!eir position in computeriJed territory and t!eire2pected time of arrival at destination9
Commodity wise flow of frei,!t trains for customers lie power 0ouses<Refineries< &ertiliJers and Cement )lants< Steel Depots and )u1lic &rei,!t%erminals ' a, accurate 0orecast o0 car+o arri/als 1 a2e3uate ti.e to co.plete preparatory arra,+e.e,t to ha,2le the car+o9
&ull particulars of detac!ments from 1loc raes recorded and updatedeliminatin, c!ances of wa,ons ,ettin, unconnected or missin,9
Details of RaesWa,ons in various yards< t!eir p!ase-wise detention in different
terminals< eliminatin, need for costly manual documentation tedious retrievalsystems and inaccuracies
*ana,erial reports re,ardin, availa1ility of rollin, stoc< i9e9 wa,ons andlocomotives at any instant of time to plan for t!eir most efficient utiliJation9
&OIS O1.ectives
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FOIS co.prises o0
Rae *ana,ement System 4R*S5 % for handling the operating portion and
%erminal *ana,ement System 4%*S5 % pertaining to the commercial transactions.
% i f C i t
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Customers will 1e a1le to trac t!eir consi,nments '
It will ena1le customers to plan in advance for loadin, unloadin,operations9
%!is will 1enefit Railways also 1ecause if loadin, unloadin, will 1efaster detention of wa,ons will 1e reduced9
%!e commercial formalities of ,ivin, release time and loadin, details
can 1e completed on line9
System can on its own calculate demurra,eG frei,!t c!ar,es and
,enerates RR after ,ettin, payment t!rou,! an online payment ,atewayfrom t!e customer9
%racin, of Consi,nments.
%!e transmission of RR electronically to destination9
Railway Receipt
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DI3I%A" CO##$C%IVI% &RO* RAI"WA BOARD %O ZO#A" R"S
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$CR
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That4s the Future