Download - Splash Screen
![Page 1: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Splash Screen
![Page 2: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter Menu
Chapter Introduction
Section 1: The Roots of Progressivism
Section 2: Roosevelt and Taft
Section 3: The Wilson Years
Visual Summary
![Page 3: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chapter Intro
Can Politics Fix Social Problems?
Industrialization changed American society. Cities were crowded, working conditions were often bad, and the old political system was breaking down. These conditions gave rise to the Progressive movement. Progressives campaigned for both political and social reforms.
• What reforms do you thinkprogressives wanted to achieve?
• Which of these reforms can yousee in today’s society?
![Page 6: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Chapter Intro 1
The Roots of Progressivism
Why did many citizens call for reforms?
![Page 7: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Chapter Intro 2
Roosevelt and Taft
What were the policies and achievements of the Roosevelt and Taft presidencies?
![Page 8: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chapter Intro 3
The Wilson Years
What reforms did President Wilson undertake?
![Page 10: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Section 1-Main Idea
Big Ideas
Group Action The progressives sought to improve life in the United States with social, economic, and political reforms.
![Page 11: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Section 1-Key Terms
Content Vocabulary
• muckraker
• direct primary
• initiative
• referendum
• recall
Academic Vocabulary
• legislation • advocate
• suffrage
• prohibition
![Page 12: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Section 1-Key Terms
People and Events to Identify
• Jacob Riis
• Robert M. La Follette
• Carrie Chapman Catt
![Page 13: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A. A
B. B
Section 1-Polling Question
Do any areas of American society need to be reformed today?
A. Yes
B. No
A B
0%0%
![Page 14: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Section 1
The Rise of Progressivism
Progressives tried to solve the social problems that arose as the United States became an urban, industrialized nation.
![Page 15: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Section 1
• Progressivism was a series of responses to problems in American society that had emerged from the growth of industry.
• Facts about progressives:
The Rise of Progressivism (cont.)
− Their ideas were a reaction against laissez-faire economics and its emphasis on an unregulated market.
− They believed that industrialization and urbanization had created many social problems.
![Page 16: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Section 1
− They belonged to both major political parties.
− Most were urban, educated, middle-class Americans.
− They believed that government had to be fixed before it could fix other problems.
− They had a strong faith in science and technology.
The Rise of Progressivism (cont.)
![Page 17: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Section 1
• Among the first people to articulate progressive ideas was a group of crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption, also called muckrakers.
The Rise of Progressivism (cont.)
− Photojournalist Jacob Riis highlighted the plight of immigrants living in New York City in his book How the Other Half Lives.
− Lincoln Steffens exposed corruption in urban political machines.
![Page 18: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 1
A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
Who published photographs and descriptions of the poverty, disease, and crime that afflicted many immigrant neighborhoods in New York City?
A. Charles Edward Russell
B. Ida Tarbell
C. Lincoln Steffens
D. Jacob Riis
![Page 19: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Section 1
Reforming Government
Progressives tried to make government more efficient and more responsive to citizens.
![Page 20: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Section 1
• One group of progressives focused on making government more efficient by using ideas from business.
• Progressives supported two proposals to reform city government:
Reforming Government (cont.)
− The first, a commission plan, divided city government into several departments, each one under an expert commissioner’s control.
New Types of Government
![Page 21: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Section 1
− The second approach was a council-manager system.
• Another group of progressives focused on making the political system more democratic and more responsive to citizens.
Reforming Government (cont.)
New Types of Government
![Page 22: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Section 1
• Led by Republican governor Robert M. La Follette, Wisconsin became a model of progressive reform.
− He attacked the way political parties ran their conventions and pressured the state legislature to pass a law requiring parties to hold a direct primary.
Reforming Government (cont.)
![Page 23: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Section 1
• Progressives also pushed for three additional reforms: the initiative, the referendum, and the recall.
• To counter Senate corruption, progressives called for direct election of senators by the states’ voters.
Reforming Government (cont.)
− In 1913, the Seventeenth Amendment was added to the Constitution.
![Page 24: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 1
Which of the following reforms permitted a group of citizens to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it?
A. The initiative
B. The referendum
C. The recall0% 0%0%
![Page 25: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Section 1
Suffrage
Many progressives joined the movement to win voting rights for women.
![Page 26: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Section 1
• The debate over the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments split the suffrage movement into two groups:
Suffrage (cont.)
− The New York City-based National Woman Suffrage Association
− The Boston-based American Woman Suffrage Association
The Woman Suffrage Movement
![Page 27: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Section 1
• This split weakened the movement, and by 1900 only four states had granted women full voting rights.
• In 1890, the two groups united to form the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA).
• Alice Paul left NAWSA and formed the National Woman’s Party so that she could use protests to confront Wilson on suffrage.
Suffrage (cont.)
![Page 28: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Section 1
• In 1915 Carrie Chapman Catt became NAWSA’s leader and tried to mobilize the suffrage movement in one final nationwide push.
• On August 26, 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment went into effect.
Suffrage (cont.)
Woman Suffrage, 1869–1920
![Page 29: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
A. A
B. B
Section 1
Which group wanted to focus on passing a constitutional amendment?
A. National Woman Suffrage Association
B. American Woman Suffrage Association
A B
0%0%
![Page 30: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Section 1
Reforming Society
Many progressives focused on social welfare problems such as child labor, unsafe working conditions, and alcohol abuse.
![Page 31: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Section 1
• Probably the most emotional progressive issue was the campaign against child labor.
• Many adult workers also labored in difficult conditions, so some changes went into effect.
Reforming Society (cont.)
![Page 32: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Section 1
• Some of the changes included:
Reforming Society (cont.)
− Workers’ compensation laws
− Zoning laws
− Building and health codes
− Government regulation of business to protect workers
![Page 33: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Section 1
• The temperance movement emerged from the concern that alcohol explained many of society’s problems.
Reforming Society (cont.)
− This movement later pressed for prohibition.
![Page 34: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Section 1
• Many progressives agreed that big business needed regulation.
Reforming Society (cont.)
− The Sherman Antitrust Act and the Interstate Commerce Commission both helped with regulation.
− Some progressives even advocated socialism—the idea that the government should own and operate industry for the community.
![Page 35: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 1
A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
Why did the Supreme Court uphold Oregon’s right to limit hours for women working in laundries?
A. Healthy mothers were the state’s concern.
B. They viewed women as more fragile than men.
C. The state needed these women for other jobs as well.
D. The women needed to care for husbands and children as well.
![Page 37: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Section 2-Main Idea
Big Ideas
Individual Action Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft worked to improve labor conditions, control big business, and support conservation.
![Page 38: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Section 2-Key Terms
Content Vocabulary
• Social Darwinism
• arbitration
• insubordination
Academic Vocabulary
• regulate
• environmental
![Page 39: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Section 2-Key Terms
People and Events to Identify
• Square Deal
• United Mine Workers
• Hepburn Act
• Upton Sinclair
• Meat Inspection Act
• Pure Food and Drug Act
• Gifford Pinchot
• Richard A. Ballinger
• Children’s Burea
![Page 40: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
A. A
B. B
Section 2-Polling Question
Do you feel that protecting our environment should be an important political issue?
A. Yes
B. No
A B
0%0%
![Page 41: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Section 2
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency
Theodore Roosevelt, who believed in progressive ideals for the nation, took on big business.
![Page 42: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Section 2
• Roosevelt’s reform programs became known as the Square Deal.
• To Roosevelt, it was not inconsistent to believe in Social Darwinism and progressivism at the same time.
• Roosevelt believed that trusts and other large business organizations were very efficient and part of the reason for America’s prosperity.
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.)
− However, he also wanted to ensure that trusts did not abuse their power.
![Page 43: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Section 2
• Roosevelt also believed that it was his job to keep society operating efficiently by mediating conflicts between different groups and their interests.
− He urged the United Mine Workers (UMW) and mine owners to accept arbitration.
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.)
![Page 44: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Section 2
• In 1903, Roosevelt convinced Congress to create the Department of Commerce and Labor to investigate corporations and publicize the results.
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.)
− However, he later agreed to advise the companies privately and allow them to correct their problems without taking them to court.
− Therefore, Roosevelt was able to regulate big business without sacrificing economic efficiency.
![Page 45: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Section 2
• In keeping with his belief in regulation, Roosevelt pushed the Hepburn Act through Congress in 1906.
• By 1905 consumer protection had become a national issue.
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.)
− Many Americans were equally concerned about the food they ate.
− In 1906 Upton Sinclair published his novel The Jungle, which resulted in the Meat Inspection Act being passed in 1906.
![Page 46: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Section 2
− The Pure Food and Drug Act passed the same day.
Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.)
![Page 47: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 2
A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
Who was Roosevelt’s first target when he decided to make an example of major trusts that were abusing their power?
A. J. P. Morgan
B. Jay Gould
C. James J. Hill
D. John D. Rockefeller
![Page 48: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Section 2
Conservation
New legislation gave the federal government the power to conserve natural resources.
![Page 49: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Section 2
• Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly in the area of environmental conservation.
• In 1902, Roosevelt supported passage of the Newlands Reclamation Act, which paid for irrigation and land development projects in the West.
Conservation (cont.)
![Page 50: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Section 2
• Roosevelt also backed efforts to save the nation’s forests through careful management of the timber resources of the West.
Conservation (cont.)
− He appointed Gifford Pinchot to head the United States Forest Service, established in 1905.
![Page 51: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 2
Under Roosevelt, the power of which branch of government dramatically increased?
A. Legislative
B. Executive
C. Judicial
A B C
0% 0%0%
![Page 52: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Section 2
Taft’s Reforms
William Howard Taft broke with progressives on tariff and conservation issues.
![Page 53: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Section 2
• William Howard Taft called Congress into a special session to lower tariff rates.
Taft’s Reforms (cont.)
− The tariff debate divided progressives, and in the end, Taft signed into law the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, which cut tariffs hardly at all and actually raised them on some goods.
![Page 54: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Section 2
• Many progressives were unhappy when Taft replaced Roosevelt’s secretary of the interior, James R. Garfield, an aggressive conservationist, with Richard A. Ballinger, a more conservative corporate lawyer.
Taft’s Reforms (cont.)
− Gifford Pinchot charged Ballinger with having once plotted to turn over valuable public lands in Alaska to a private business group for personal profit.
![Page 55: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Section 2
− Taft’s attorney general decided the charges were groundless, but Pinchot leaked the story to the press and asked Congress to investigate.
Taft’s Reforms (cont.)
− Taft fired Pinchot for insubordination.
![Page 56: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Section 2
• Despite his political problems, Taft had many successes:
Taft’s Reforms (cont.)
− He brought twice as many antitrust cases in four years as his predecessor had in seven.
− He established the Children’s Bureau in 1912.
− He set up the Bureau of Mines in 1910.
![Page 57: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Section 2
• Frustrated with Taft over the issue of trusts, Roosevelt announced that he would enter the presidential campaign of 1912.
Taft’s Reforms (cont.)
![Page 58: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 2
A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
The Bureau of Mines did all of the following EXCEPT
A. monitor the activities of mining companies.
B. expand the national forests.
C. prohibit children from working in the mines.
D. protect waterpower sites from private development.
![Page 60: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Section 3-Main Idea
Big Ideas
Individual Action Woodrow Wilson increased the control of the government over business.
![Page 61: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Section 3-Key Terms
Content Vocabulary
• income tax
• unfair trade practices
Academic Vocabulary
• academic
• unconstitutional
![Page 62: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Section 3-Key Terms
People and Events to Identify
• Progressive Party
• New Nationalism
• New Freedom
• Federal Reserve Act
• Federal Trade Commission
• Clayton Antitrust Act
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
![Page 63: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
A. A
B. B
Section 3-Polling Question
Do you feel that discrimination is still an issue in the United States today?
A. Yes
B. No
A B
0%0%
![Page 64: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Section 3
The Election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson was elected after Republican voters split between Taft and Roosevelt.
![Page 65: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Section 3
• Theodore Roosevelt left the Republican Party and became the presidential candidate for the newly formed Progressive Party in the election of 1912.
• Conservative Republicans rallied behind William Howard Taft.
• Woodrow Wilson was a progressive Democrat.
The Election of 1912 (cont.)
![Page 66: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Section 3
• The election of 1912 was a contest between two progressives with different approaches to reform.
The Election of 1912 (cont.)
− Roosevelt called his program the New Nationalism.
− Wilson countered with what he called the New Freedom.
New Nationalism Versus New Freedom
![Page 67: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Section 3
• Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican voters, enabling Wilson to win.
The Election of 1912 (cont.)
New Nationalism Versus New Freedom
![Page 68: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
A. A
B. B
Section 3
Which candidate believed that monopolies should be destroyed and that freedom was more important than efficiency?
A. Woodrow Wilson
B. Theodore Roosevelt
A B
0%0%
![Page 69: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Section 3
Wilson’s Reforms
President Wilson reformed tariffs and banks and oversaw the creation of the Federal Trade Commission.
![Page 70: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Section 3
• Five weeks after taking office, Wilson appeared before Congress to present his bill to reduce tariffs.
• In 1913, Congress passed the Underwood Tariff, and Wilson signed it into law.
• This law reduced the average tariff on imported goods to about 30 percent of the value of the goods and provided for levying an income tax.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
![Page 71: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Section 3
• To restore public confidence in the banking system, Wilson supported the establishment of a federal reserve system.
• The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 created 12 regional banks to be supervised by a Board of Governors, appointed by the president.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
Progressives Reform the Economic System
![Page 72: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Section 3
• In the summer of 1914, at Wilson’s request, Congress created the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to monitor American business.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
− The FTC had the power to investigate companies and issue “cease and desist” orders against companies engaging in unfair trade practices.
![Page 73: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Section 3
• Wilson wanted the FTC to work toward limiting business activities that unfairly limited competition, as opposed to breaking up big business.
• Unsatisfied by Wilson’s approach, progressives in Congress responded by passing the Clayton Antitrust Act in 1914.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
![Page 74: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Section 3
• In 1916, Wilson signed the first federal law regulating child labor.
− The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act prohibited the employment of children under the age of 14 in factories producing goods for interstate commerce.
− The Supreme Court declared the law unconstitutional in 1918.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
![Page 75: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Section 3
• Wilson also supported the Adamson Act and the Federal Farm Loan Act.
Wilson’s Reforms (cont.)
![Page 76: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 3
A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
Which act became one of the most significant pieces of legislation in American history?
A. The Clayton Antitrust Act
B. The Sherman Antitrust Act
C. The Federal Reserve Act
D. The Hepburn Act
![Page 77: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Section 3
Progressivism’s Legacy and Limits
Progressivism changed many people’s ideas about the government’s role in social issues.
![Page 78: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Section 3
• By the end of the Progressive Era, Americans expected the government, particularly the federal government, to play a more active role in regulating the economy and solving social problems.
• The most conspicuous limit to progressivism was its failure to address racial and religious discrimination.
Progressivism’s Legacy and Limits (cont.)
![Page 79: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Section 3
• In 1905 W.E.B Du Bois and 28 other African American leaders met at Niagara Falls to demand full rights for African Americans.
Progressivism’s Legacy and Limits (cont.)
− This meeting was one of the many steps leading to the foundation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
![Page 80: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Section 3
• Jewish people also faced discrimination.
• Sigmund Livingston started the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) to combat stereotypes and discrimination.
Progressivism’s Legacy and Limits (cont.)
![Page 81: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
Section 3
Which of the following women worked to improve the situation of African Americans?
A. Mary White Ovington
B. Jane Addams
C. Ida Wells-Barnett
D. A and B
E. All of the above A B C D E
0% 0% 0%0%0%
![Page 83: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
VS 1
Causes of the Progressive Movement
• People thought progress in science and knowledge could improve society.
• People thought immigration, urbanization, and industrialization had created social problems.
• People thought laissez-faire economics and an unregulated market led to social problems and that government could fix them.
• Political corruption prevented the government from helping its citizens.
![Page 84: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
VS 2
Effects on Business and Society
• Interstate Commerce Commission is strengthened.
• Consumer protection laws are passed.
• Federal Trade Commission is created.
• Federal Reserve System is created to regulate the money supply.
• Clayton Antitrust Act grants labor unions more rights.
• Zoning laws and building codes improve urban housing.
![Page 85: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
VS 3
Effects on Business and Society (cont.)
• Child labor laws are passed, regulating time and conditions for minors to work.
• Workers’ compensation laws are passed.
• Temperance movement begins seeking limitations on the production and consumption of alcohol.
![Page 86: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
VS 4
Effects on Politics
• Cities begin adopting commission and city-manager forms of government.
• States begin to adopt the direct primary system, allowing voters to choose candidates for office.
• States begin to allow initiatives, referendums, and recall votes.
![Page 87: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
VS 5
Effects on Politics (cont.)
• Seventeenth Amendment is ratified, requiring direct election of senators.
• Nineteenth Amendment is ratified, guaranteeing women the right to vote.
![Page 89: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Figure 1
![Page 90: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Figure 2A
![Page 91: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Figure 2B
![Page 92: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Figure 3
![Page 93: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Figure 4
![Page 94: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Figure 5a
![Page 95: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Figure 5b
![Page 96: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Figure 5c
![Page 97: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Chapter Trans Menu
Chapter Transparencies Menu
Why It Matters
Cause-and-Effect Transparency
Unit Time Line Transparency
Select a transparency to view.
![Page 98: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Why It Matters Trans
![Page 99: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
C & E Trans
![Page 100: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Unit Timelines Trans
![Page 101: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
DFS Trans 1
![Page 102: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
DFS Trans 2
![Page 103: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
DFS Trans 3
Answer: The two approaches were different. Roosevelt favored strengthening the federal government’s role in the economy, whereas Wilson favored reducing its role.
![Page 104: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Vocab1
muckraker
a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society
![Page 105: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Vocab2
direct primary
a vote held by all members of a political party to decide their candidate for public office
![Page 106: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Vocab3
initiative
the right of citizens to place a measure or issue before the voters or the legislature for approval
![Page 107: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Vocab4
referendum
the practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature
![Page 108: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Vocab5
recall
the right that enables voters to remove unsatisfactory elected officials from office
![Page 109: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Vocab6
suffrage
the right to vote
![Page 110: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Vocab7
prohibition
laws banning the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages
![Page 111: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Vocab8
legislation
a proposed law to be voted on by a governing body
![Page 112: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Vocab9
advocate
to propose a certain position or viewpoint
![Page 113: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Vocab10
Social Darwinism
based on Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution and natural selection, states that humans have developed through competition and natural selection with only the strongest surviving
![Page 114: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Vocab11
arbitration
settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider
![Page 115: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Vocab12
insubordination
disobedience
![Page 116: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Vocab13
regulate
to govern or direct according to rule
![Page 117: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Vocab14
environmental
having to do with the environment; the complex system of plants, animals, water, and soil
![Page 118: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Vocab15
income tax
a tax based on the net income of a person or business
![Page 119: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Vocab16
unfair trade practices
trading practices that derive a gain at the expense of the competition
![Page 120: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Vocab17
academic
associated with higher learning at a scholarly institution
![Page 121: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Vocab18
unconstitutional
not in accordance with or authorized by the constitution of a state or society
![Page 122: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Help
Click the Forward button to go to the next slide.
Click the Previous button to return to the previous slide.
Click the Home button to return to the Chapter Menu.
Click the Transparency button from the Chapter Menu, Chapter Introduction, or Visual Summary slides to access the transparencies that are relevant to this chapter. From within a section, click on this button to access the relevant Daily Focus Skills Transparency.
Click the Return button in a feature to return to the main presentation.
Click the History Online button to access online textbook features.
Click the Reference Atlas button to access the Interactive Reference Atlas.
Click the Exit button or press the Escape key [Esc] to end the chapter slide show.
Click the Help button to access this screen.
Links to Presentation Plus! features such as Maps in Motion, Graphs in Motion, Charts in Motion, Concepts in Motion, and figures from your textbook are located at the bottom of relevant screens.
To use this Presentation Plus! product:
![Page 123: Splash Screen](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062604/56815181550346895dbfbb6d/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
End of Custom Shows
This slide is intentionally blank.