Download - Solid Waste Public Health Concerns
![Page 1: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Solid WastePublic Health Concerns
Jeremiah JohnsonChi Vuong
![Page 2: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
• Introduction• Developed countries overview• Developing countries overview• Solutions
![Page 3: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction
Past to early 19th Century
First half of the 20th Century
Last half of the 20th Century to present
No regulated dumping;
Open dumps
Breeding rodents, insects
Buried dump sites; mainly nonhazardous
More sanitary, less
contamination
Change in waste content,
hazardous waste
300 million metric
tons/year;space
![Page 4: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Developed Countries Overview
• Public health concern-diseases
• Risks- substances, contamination etc.• Solid Waste Management
– Methods– Impact– Regulations
![Page 5: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Public Health Concern
• Vectors: - flies - mosquitoes (yellow fever, malaria) - rats (32) - swine (pathogens)
![Page 6: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Solid Waste Management
• Feed to swine• Dump into bodies of water• Open burning• Dumps or tips• Sanitary landfill (U.S., England, Germany) • Army’s Corp of Engineers (bullclam) • compaction, cover, liners
![Page 7: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Common Landfill Layout
![Page 8: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Impact of Landfills
• Leachate and gases• Scarce land• Health Effects (adverse pregnancy
outcomes, liver function)
![Page 9: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
U.S. Regulations
• 1899 River and Harbors Act• 1965 Solid Waste Disposal Act• 1970 National Environmental Policy Act
(EPA)• 1976 Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act
![Page 10: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Developing Countries Overview
• Public health concern• Risks- substances, contamination etc.• Solid Waste Management
– Environmental justice- hazardous waste– Cost of disposal
• Aiding developing countries
![Page 11: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Developing Countries
• Public Health Concern– Homes-
![Page 12: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Drifting Along the Shores
![Page 13: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Solutions
• The catchy phrase: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
• Source Reduction in Industry• Consumer pay as you throw programs
– Implemented in 7.2% of GA communities– Implemented in over 50% of communities in
MA, WI, IA, and NH– Implemented in 100% of communities in WA,
OR, and MN
![Page 14: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sources• Race, Wealth, and Solid Waste Facilities in North Carolina
Jennifer M. Norton,1 Steve Wing,1 Hester J. Lipscomb,2 Jay S. Kaufman,1 Stephen W. Marshall,1 and Altha J. Cravey3
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;2Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA;3Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
• Title Slide Image http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Solid_waste_used_to_build_a_road.jpg/800px-Solid_waste_used_to_build_a_road.jpg
• Sustainable Solid Waste http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPHAAG/Resources/AAGEHEng.pdf
![Page 15: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sources
• 2006 Pay as You Throw Programs http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/payt/06comm.htm
• Cointreu, Sandra. Occupational and Environmental Health Issues of Solid Waste Management. World Bank Group. July 2006.
• Holy Bible, 23 Deuteronomy 12-13
![Page 16: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sources
• Vesilind, P. Aarne. Worrell, William. Reinhart, Debra. Solid Waste Engineering, 2002
• A Brief History of Solid Waste Management in the US During the Last 50 Years by H. Lanier Hickman, Jr. and Richard W. Eldredge. 2000.
![Page 17: Solid Waste Public Health Concerns](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051002/56816034550346895dcf586c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sources• Investigating Health Concerns in populations living near
the Cleanaway landfill in Tallamarine. 2006.http://www.health.vic.gov.au/environment/downloads/tulla_report.pdf
• Vrijheid, Martine. Health Effects of Residence Near Hazardous Waste Landfill Sites: A Review of Epidemiologic Literature. March 2002. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov
• Slide Image: http://www.metrokc.gov/dnr/kidsweb/images/landfill_diagram.gif