Download - Soil Erosin
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
1/24
Surface Erosion and ControlSurface Erosion and Control
Ali Fares, PhD
Watershed Hydrology, NREM662
UHM-CTAHR-NREM
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
2/24
Ia is all losses before
runoff begins it
includes: water retained in
surface depressions,
Water interception by
vegetation Evaporation and
infiltration.
Ia was found to follow:
Ia = 0.2*S
S)(PS)(PQ
2
*8.0
*2.0
+
=
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
3/24
Potential Maximum RetentionPotential Maximum Retention
S is related to the soil
cover conditions of the
watershed through theCN.
CN has a range of 0 to
100
10
CN
1000S
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
4/24
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
5/24
Soil ErosionSoil Erosion
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
6/24
Whats soil erosion?Whats soil erosion?
Erosion is the process of detachment and
transport of soil particles by erosive agents
(Ellison, 1944)Erosion is a natural geologic process
t WATER EROSIONt WIND EROSION
t TILLAGE TRANSLOCATION
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
7/24
SOIL EROSION IS GLOBALSOIL EROSION IS GLOBAL
PROBLEMPROBLEM
u 1/3 WORLDS ARABLE LAND LOST SINCE1950
u
MOST IN ASIA, AFRICA, S. AMERICAu 13-18 t/a/yr
u 30% OF US FARMLAND ABANDONED
uEROSION
u SALINIZATIONuWATER-LOGGING
u 90% OF US CROPLAND LOSING SOILFASTER THAN IT IS REPLACED
u >1 t/a/yrPIMENTEL ET AL., 1995
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
8/24
SIGNIFICANT SOIL LOSS IN THE USA
WATER3.5 X 109 T/yr
WIND
1.5 X 109 T/yr
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
9/24
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
10/24
WIND EROSIONWIND EROSION
WIND
CREEP
SUSPENSION
SALTATION
uSALTATION DETACHES PARTICLES
u SMALLER PARTICLES SUSPENDEDu LARGER PARTICLES CREEP
u SANDY AND SILTY SOILS MOST SUSCEPTIBLE
u SOIL ACCUMULATION IN DITCHES AND FENCE ROWS
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
11/24
WIND EROSION CAN BE SIGNIFICANT
Near Mitchell, SD
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
12/24
Dust bowlDust bowl 1931-1939 there was a
drought called the
dust bowl. It causedhuge dust storms to
erupt that destructed
billions of acres of
farm land.
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
13/24
stormsstorms
In the first year of
the drought there
were 14 stormsreported and the
second year there
were 38 storms. Itwas getting worse.
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
14/24
Ruined landRuined landTons of damage
was done to every
ones land and itcosts billions of
dollars to repair the
damages.
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
15/24
Black SundayBlack SundayApril 14th,1934
black Sunday was
the worst blizzardof the dustbowl
which caused the
most extensivedamage.
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
16/24
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.ks.nrcs.usda.gov/images/dustbowl.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ks.nrcs.usda.gov/history1.html&h=603&w=448&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
17/24
REDUCING WIND EROSIONREDUCING WIND EROSION
u MAINTAIN SURFACE COVERu CROP RESIDUE
u COVER CROPS
u INCREASE STUBBLE HEIGHT
u INSTALL WINDBREAKSu EFFECTIVE 15x HEIGHT
u IRRIGATEu STRIP CROPS PERPENDICULAR TO
PREVAILING WIND
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
18/24
The Shelterbelt ProgramThe Shelterbelt Program
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
19/24
WATER EROSIONWATER EROSION
PROCESSPROCESSBEGINS WITH RAINDROPS STRIKING
BARE SOIL DISLODGING PARTICLES
INTENSE RAINS SEAL SURFACEWHEN RAINFALL EXCEEDS
INFILTRATION WATER IS STORED IN
SMALL DEPRESSIONS
ONCE DEPRESSIONS ARE FILLED,
RUNOFF BEGINS
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
20/24
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
21/24
-
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
22/24
WATER EROSIONWATER EROSION
PROCESSPROCESSInitially water flows in a discontinuoussheet
Eventually it concentrates into small
channels or rills. The runoff now hasenergy to break off particles and cutdeeper
The amount of erosion caused by sheet and
rill erosion increases with slope anddistanceRills may eventually form gullies
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
23/24
THE SOIL WATER EROSIONTHE SOIL WATER EROSION
PROCESSPROCESS
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den -
8/2/2019 Soil Erosin
24/24
EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENTALEFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITYQUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITYLOSS OF OM, CLAY, AND NUTRIENTS
REDUCES PRODUCTIVITY
DAMAGE TO PLANTS
FORMATION OF RILLS AND GULLIESAFFECTS MANAGEMENT
SEDIMENTATION IN WATERWAYS,DIVERSIONS, TERRACES, DITCHES
DELIVERY OF NUTRIENTS TO SURFACEWATER
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/dustbowl.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/19011938/even1901.htm&h=382&w=589&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddustbowl%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den