Download - Slice Shear Force - Meat Science
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Slice Shear Force
Steven D. Shackelford, Tommy L. Wheeler, and Mohammad Koohmaraie
USDA-ARS U.S. Meat Animal Research Center
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History of slice shear force
• Tenderness classification
• Tool for routine measurement of longissimus tenderness
• Potential tool for use on other muscles?
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Tenderness classification
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Tenderness classification
Carcass chilling
Carcass ribbing Steak removal
Rapid cooking
Rapid shear force
Carcass grading
Carcass sorting
Ribeye blooming(10 minutes)
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Develop of a method to automate the process of removing 1 cm diameter cores
from a longissimus steak
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Six cores
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Develop of a method to automate the process of removing 1 cm diameter cores
from a longissimus steak
• No feasible solution
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We concluded that the best we could do was obtain a single slice from each steak.
• The dimensions of that slice would be limited by ribeye size and ….
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Fiber angle
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Slice shear force
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Universal testing machine with 100 kg load cell
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Repeatability of slice shear force
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10
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60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Rep I slice shear force, kg
Rep
II sl
ice
shea
r for
ce, k
g
Repeatability = .87n = 74
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Proposed automated system
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Manual method for small scale plants
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Obtaining 1 cm-thick, 5 cm-long slice
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Muscle fiber orientation in slice box
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Slice box and double bladed knife
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Obtaining 1 cm-thick, 5 cm-long slice
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Slice shear force
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Overall success = 94.4%, n = 483
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Day 3 slice shear force, kg
Tender(47%)
100% Tender
Intermediate(48%)
91% Tender
Tough(5%)
28% Tender
Day
14
TSP
tend
erne
ss r
atin
g
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Correlation of WBSF and SSF with SPT
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Warner-Bratzler shear force, kg
r = -.77n = 479
r = -.82n = 479
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Slice shear force, kg
Day
14
TSP
tend
erne
ss r
atin
g
Day
14
TSP
tend
erne
ss r
atin
g
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Repeatability of slice shear force for beef
Repeatability = .91n = 110
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Rep I slice shear force, kg
Rep
II sl
ice
shea
r for
ce, k
g
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Conversion of SSF to WBSn = 1,518
y = 0.1063x + 2.27R2 = 0.65
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Slice shear force, kg
War
ner-
Brat
zler
she
ar fo
rce,
kg
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Repeatability of slice shear force for lamb
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Left side longissimus slice shear force, kg
Righ
t sid
e lo
ngis
sim
us sl
ice
shea
r for
ce, k
g
CallipygeNon-callipyge
Repeatability = 0.95n = 87
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See the slice
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Repeatability of slice shear force for pork
05
10152025303540
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Rep A slice shear force, kg
Rep
B s
lice
shea
r for
ce, k
g Repeatability = 0.90n = 744
Mean = 15.3SD = 5.0
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NBIAP II
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Standardized equipment
•To help insure consistency across institutions
•Available from Gessford Machine Shop, Hastings, NE
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Sample sizing box
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Slice box and double bladed knife
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Slice blade
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Papers and protocols available athttp://meats.marc.usda.gov
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