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Signs and symptoms of damage of nematodes on vegetable and
small fruit crops
Nematode Workshop 2nd Morning Session
George S. Abawi and Beth K. Gugino
Department of Plant Pathology
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General field symptoms includeGeneral field symptoms include
Reduced growth
Yellowing of foliage (nutrient deficiency-like)
Excessive wilting in hot or dry weather
Reduced yields
Poor quality produce Symptom severity
are nematode density dependent.
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Accompanying root symptoms includeAccompanying root symptoms include
Galls, stubby roots, excessive branching
Necrotic lesions and general discoloration
Rots
Ditylenchus destructor Meloidogyne hapla
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Most important nematodes on vegetables in the NortheastMost important nematodes on vegetables in the Northeast
Northern root-knot Meloidogyne hapla
Root-lesion Pratylenchus penetrans
Cyst nematodes Heterodera schachtii
Globodera rostochiensis
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Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) on CarrotNorthern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) on Carrot
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No Vydate at plantingNo Vydate at planting
Vydate applied at plantingVydate applied at planting
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Symptoms of NRKN infection on young and mature carrots
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MarketableMarketable UnmarketableUnmarketable
0 1 2 3 4 5
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Northern Root-Knot and Lesion Nematode Damage on Onion
Northern Root-Knot and Lesion Nematode Damage on Onion
infested not infested
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Symptoms of nematode infestation in an onion fieldSymptoms of nematode infestation in an onion field
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Meloidogyne hapla
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Galls on roots
Thick neck and reduced bulb size
Close-up of root-knot nematode damage on onion roots
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Root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) in an onion root
eggs
juveniles
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Pratylenchus penetrans
Lesions on soybean root
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Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) on Lettuce
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Healthy lettuce plantsStunted and uneven growth due to nematode infection
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Galls on lettuce with stained egg sacs
Galls on lettuce root system
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Nodulation on cloverhttp://starklab.slu.edu/Bio2000/clover
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Symptoms of a heavy nematode infestation in a potato field
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Golden Potato Cyst Nematode (Globodera rostochiensis)
Photo credit: Christopher Hogger, Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture, Bugwood.org
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Lesions from P. penetrans infection on potato tubers
Lesions from P. penetrans infection
on potato roots
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Root-knot
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Potato early dying disease (PED)Potato Early Dying Disease (PED)
(Pratylenchus penetrans + Verticillium dahliae)
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No galls develop on the primary roots
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Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) galls on the fine potato roots
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Severe damage to potato by M. hapla
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Sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) damage in a beet field
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Sugar beet cyst nematode on beet
seedling roots
female cystfemale cyst
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Lifecycle of Heterodera schachtii
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Sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) damage in cabbage microplot trial, NYSAES, 1983
UninfestedInfested with H. schachtii
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Roots of cabbage grown in soil heavily infested with H. schachtii (right) vs. uninfested soil (left)
Small loose cabbage head
from plant grown in soil
heavily infested with H. schachtii
(right) vs. uninfested soil
(left)
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Yield of cabbage grown in heavy textured soil infested with increasing densities of sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), NYSAES, 1983
Fumigated 10 eggs/cc 20 eggs/cc 40 eggs/cc
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Tomato roots grown in uninfested (left) and soil infested (right) with Meloidogyne hapla
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UF factsheet
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UF factsheet
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Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.)
damage on bean in the field and severe galling on
the roots.
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Stubby root nematode (Paratrichadorus christiei) damage
on corn roots