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Short Story Literary Elements
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Do-Now: (Free-Write)
As you write, try to focus on TONE (your attitude towards the subject matter)
AND IMAGERY- using visual,
descriptive language
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Elements of a Short Story Short story- A concise piece of fiction
containing elements such as: - Setting- Characters- Point of View- Theme- Plot
- Figurative Language
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Setting
The time and place of a story’s action Ex: The show Jersey Shore takes place in
Seaside Heights over the summer months Includes ideas, customs, values, and beliefs. Setting gives the reader a better
understanding of the characters and events YOUR TURN: Describe the setting of a popular
movie/TV show.
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Characterization DirectDirect: Writer/narrator makes direct
statements about a character’s personality or appearance
IndirectIndirect: We learn about character through his/her thoughts, others’ opinions, words, actions, and appearance (TOWAA)
Static CharacterStatic Character: Remains the same throughout the story from start to finish
Dynamic CharacterDynamic Character: Undergoes emotional changes due to events in a story.
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Hunger Games Reading Task
1.What do you learn in the “EXPOSITION” of
the reading passage? (Setting/characters)
2. List THREE conflicts that are established early in the novel (signaling the rising action)
3. Give an example of DIRECT characterization of Prim
4. Find an example of INDIRECT characterization of the cat, Buttercup
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First-Person In first-person point of view: the narrator is a character in the
story, referred to as “I” For example
Autobiographies Memoirs Narratives
(Sometimes less “reliable” due to the one-sided viewpoint)
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Third-Person Limited Point of View
The narrator reveals the thoughts of only one character (Your knowledge of the characters is LIMITED)
Refers to that character as “he” or “she”
Narrator doesn’t tell us what other characters are thinking or feeling Ex: Little Red Riding Hood, Cinderella
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Third-Person Omniscient Point of View
The narrator knows everything about the story’s events and the character’s inner thoughts and feelings
This narrator is “all-knowing”(Omni=everything)
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What is the “Point of View” in The Hunger Games?
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Theme Theme is the central idea or main
message that guides a story Often reveals a perception of human
nature or life Theme is like a moral of a fable
Ex: Cinderella’s Theme Good always triumphs over evil
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Imagery
Vivid word choices that paint a mental picture in your head
Relates to ALL senses: sight, sound, touch, smell, taste
Ex: The warmth and crispness of the chocolate chip cookies wafted through the air
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Hunger Games and Imagery
Find THREE examples of imagery in the reading selection of The Hunger Games.
Then indicate which SENSE it appeals to.
Make sure to QUOTE the phrase where the imagery occurs and record the page #
Ex: “rough canvas cover of the mattress” (3)- TOUCH
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Mood The emotional quality or
atmosphere of a literary work. Includes writer’s choice of language, subject matter, setting, and tone
Ex: The mood of Poe’s “The Raven” is dark and dreary
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Conflict within Plot External Conflict: Between a
character and an outside force, such as another character, nature, society, or fate.
Ex: Man vs. Man, Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Society, Man vs. Fate
Internal Conflict: Takes place within the mind of a character who is torn between two opposing forces or feelings Man vs. Self
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Internal or External Conflict?
Student decides whether or not to do Ms. Izzo’s homework assignment
Internal Conflict Jill is not sure whether to confess about
seeing someone cheating in class Internal Conflict Soldier must fight an enemy on the
battlefield External Conflict
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Irony Verbal irony: When what is said is the
opposite of what is meant Situational irony: An outcome that
turns out to be very different than what was once expected
Dramatic irony: Dialogue or speech that the audience/reader understands before the other characters in the story do
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Symbol/ Symbolism An object, person, or thing that
represents an abstract thought or idea.
Ex: A rose is a symbol of love Ex: A snake is a symbol of
evil/deceit What does the “Mockingjay”
symbolize in Hunger Games?
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Motif A commonly recurring symbol in a
story Ex: A horror movie might use a full
moon as a recurring symbol (motif) that represents an evil deed
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In “The Necklace”...explain the following:
1. Situational Irony:
2. Symbolism of “the necklace” at the start of the story:
3. Symbolism of “the necklace” at the end of the story:
4. Internal conflict for Madame Loisel:
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Foreshadowing The early use of clues or hints to
prepare readers for events that will happen later in a story.
Ex: Thunder & lightning foreshadows bad weather/storm or a major conflict in a story
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Flashback
A scene in a story that goes back to an earlier period of time
Gives the reader a broader understanding of the present action/plot
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Extended Metaphor
A comparison between two unalike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph of a story or lines in a poem
Ex: A description of nature in the spring time in a book to describe a young person
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Find an example for the following: (Choose a movie or book to base your
examples on)
Symbol Irony (indicate which type) Foreshadowing Flashback Theme Internal Conflict External Conflict Mood