Download - Session3 Transmission Equipment
1 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Session 3
PDH & SDH Equipment
2 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• To review Nokia Cellular Transmission PDH/SDH equipment in general
• To know & understand the
• Differences of Flexbus interfaced transmission equipment/cards
• Interfaces, features, network applications and limitations of
• Metrohub
• FIU19
• Marconi SDH Nodes
• PowerHopper
Session Objectives
3 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
3G RAN
Si-SU Si-SU
AXC
WAM
WAM
IFU A
• • •
• • •
SAR
RNCNIU
4 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
3G Cellular Transmission
E1 E1
40xE1 (8k)
STM-1
STM-4
STM-16
STM-1
STM-4
STM-16
VC 0/12/3/464 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1
STM-1T1E134 M45 M140 M
STM-1T1E1
34 M45 M
140 M
VC 12 / 3 / 4Cross connect capacity 256 x STM-1
E1 E1
1904xE1(64k)
BTS BSC/RNC MSC
MSCPSTN
STM-1
STM-4
STM-1
STM-4
VC 0/12/3/424 x STM-1 / 32 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1
E1FB
SMA 4 SMA 16 Node
MSH 84SXC-TMetroHub
DN2
E1FB
56xE1(8k)
Fiber
DXC
SMA 1
STM-1 STM-1
VC /12/3/44 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1
5 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia Cellular Transmission PDH/SDH
• Plug-in cards:• Talk-family BTS
• TRU• RRI
• Ultrasite BTS / MetroHub(not WCDMA Ultrasite)
• FXC E1/T1• FXC E1• FXC RRI
• WCDMA Ultrasite AXC / Stand-alone AXC
• IFU E1/JT1• IFU JT2• IFU STM-0/STM-1• IFU E1• IFU Flexbus
• Equipment• Talk-family BTSs• Ultrasite BTSs• MetroHub• FIU 19• MetroHopper• FlexiHopper• PowerHopper• "UltraHub"
6 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Flexbussingle cable interface
•Carries bidirectinal 1- 16x2Mbit/s signals from:• indoor to indoor• indoor to outdoor
•Feeds power from the IDU to the ODU•replacing all 2Mbit/s on-site cabling with one single cable•cuts down the number of IU
7 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Four equipment with Flexbus interfaces
• RRIC• Talk-family BTS integrated card• 2 slots for RRICs in Talk-family BTSs• 2 external Flexbus interfaces• 1 internal Flexbus connecting possible 2 RRICs in slots
• FIU 19• Separate piece of equipment • Can be mounted in 19" rack• Up to 4 Flexbus interfaces
• FXC RRI• Plug-in card• Fits to MetroHubs and Ultrasite BTSs
(into TDM DXC part, does not exist in WCDMA Ultrasite BTS)• 2 external Flexbus interfaces
• IFU E (IFU Flexbus)• Plug-in card• Fits to WCDMA Ultrasite BTS integrated AXCs or stand-alone
AXCs• 3 external Flexbus interfaces
8 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Comparison of 2M level cross-connection features of equipment
with Flexbus interfaces• RRIC • FIU 19
• FXC RRI
• IFU E (IFU Flexbus)
1
4
2
3
BTS internal Flexbus 1………16 x 2 M
External Flexbus 1 1………16 x 2 M
1………16 x 2 M External Flexbus 2
2 M interfaces for TRUA
External Flexbus 3 1………16 x 2 M
External Flexbus 1 1………16 x 2 M
1………16 x 2 M External Flexbus 2
Separate external2 M interfaces1……………16
1
16
External Flexbus 1 1………16 x 2 M
1………16 x 2 M External Flexbus 2
Internal2 M interfaces
for AXU1……………16
1
16
External Flexbus 3 1………16 x 2 M
External Flexbus 1 1………16 x 2 M
1………16 x 2 M External Flexbus 2
Internal 2 M interfacesto 8k cross-connection bus
1……………16
1
16
9 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Transmission Unit – TRUx (TRUA)
TR
UA
IDU
1 ID
U2
TR
UA
IDU
1 ID
U2
2MbitsXC
1 3 2Line Interface (LIF)
1 3 2
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
Main
1 T
ow
ard
s ID
U1
DIR
8Kbits XC
Main
2 T
ow
ard
s ID
U2
1 3 2
1 3 2
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
10 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
TRUA Main Features
Three 2 Mbit/s A-bis interfaces between BSC and BTS
Rerouting facilities within a loop network
Interface to two radio relay equipment that can be integrated in the system
Frame structure complies with rec G.704
Cross connection capabilities at 8 kbit/s level
11 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
TRUA / 2MCCLIF1 LIF2LIF3
DIR1 DIR2DIR3
MAINI4
MAINI3
MAINI2
MAINI1
RRI1 RRI2
MAINI4
MAINI3
MAINI2
MAINI1
12 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia MetroHub
•Technical Overview
• Features
• Plugin Units
• Applications
• Management
• Technical Specifications
13 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia MetroHub Modular Structure
1 - 5 Transmission units• Outdoor and indoor, vertical and horizontal
installation on wall, roof top, pole for flexible and
easy network implementation
• Cover and mechanical chassis
Plug-in units
• Power Interface Panel
• 1 - 2 identical Power Supply Units
• Fan Unit
• Interface Unit
• Optional Battery Back-up Unit
• Shielding units
Power Interface Panel
Interface Unit
Chassis
Power Supply Unit
RedundantPower Supply Unit
1 - 5 Transmission Units
Fan Unit
OptionalBattery Backup Unit
14 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FXC RRIFXC RRI
FXC shieldFXC shield
Nokia MetroHub
1 - 5transmission
units
FXC E1/T1FXC E1/T1
MetroHub Transmission Units
FXC E1FXC E1
MetroHub PTMetroHub PT
MetroHub C1.0MetroHub C1.0
15 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia MetroHub C1.0 Features Overview
• Support for up to 6 Nokia FlexiHopper or MetroHopper radio outdoor units or 20 E1/T1 connections or a mixture of both.
• Houses up to five Transmission Units for flexible capacity building: FXC RRI with 2 Flexbus and FXC E1/T1 with 4 E1/T1 interfaces
• Maximum total interface capacity 104 x 2 Mbit/s with 3 x FXC RRI + 2xFXC E1/T1
• Protected 56 x 2 Mbit/s non-blocking cross connection bus with 8kbit/s granularity for traffic protection
• Cross-connection types: B2 (Branching bidirectional), M2 (Masked bidirectional), PB2 (Protected Branching bidirectional), PM D (Fixed Data) for flexible traffic management
• Granularities: B-type: 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k M-type: 64kD-type: 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k
PB-type: nx64k / 64k / 32k
• UltraSite Triplemode BTS has a built in TRS croscconnection node like Metrohub, but with maximum four plug-in units
16 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
MetroHub C1.2 Features
Cross connection & interfacing capability:• Cross-connection bus capacity 56 x 2 Mbit/s non-blocking with 8 kbit/s granularity
• Max. interface capacity of the node 160 x 2 Mbit/s•5xFXC RRI possible
•Support for up to 10 Nokia FlexiHopper or MetroHopper radio outdoor units or 20 E1/T1 connections or a mixture of both.
•Basic cross-connection types & granularities:
• B2 Bi-directional 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k• D Uni-directional fixed 64k / 32k / 16k / 8k• M2 Bi-directional masked 64k
•Protected cross-connection type(s) & granularity:
• P2 Protected bi-directional nx64k / 64k / 32k
17 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FXC RRI Transmission Unit
General:• For connecting to the outdoor units of the Nokia
FlexiHopper and MetroHopper or to another radio indoor unit
• Two Flexbus interfaces per card• Operating mode: Single use supported
Interface:• The capacity of Flexbus interface is software-selectable
between 2 x 2, 4 x 2, 8 x 2 and 16 x 2 Mbit/s• With Nokia MetroHopper outdoor unit, the capacity
always 4 x 2 Mbit/s • Distance to radio outdoor unit up to 300m• Power feed to radio via Flexbus cable• Connector type TNC, impedance 50
18 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FXC RRI
FXC RRI Cross-connect
2M XC
XC Bus56x2M
inMetroHub
16 x 2 16 x 2
16 x 2 16 x 2
Capacity which is not dropped to the cross-connection bus
can be by passed at 2Mbit/s level
MUX 4x 24 x 2
4 * dbus (in Metrosite,Ultrasite)
8k XC
8k XC
4x 2
8x 2
19 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FXC E1/T1 & FXC E1 Transmission UnitsGeneral:
• 4 interfaces per unit• Each interface configurable as E1 or T1• Interface 4 can be used for external synchronization• up to 1km with coaxial cable
E1- interface:• G.703, G.704 (20dB)• FXC E1 (75 interface ,
BT43 connector, asymmetric) • FXC E1/T1 (120 interface
TQ connector, symmetric)
T1- interface:• ANSI T1.403 NI• ANSI T1.102 DSX• 100 interface
(TQ connector, symmetric)
20 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia MetroHub Applications
• Increasing the truncking efficiency by grooming
• Chain, star, & loop topologies in a transmission network
• Transmission media change
• Several Nokia MetroHubs can be combined using FlexBus
• For more information see: • Nokia MetroHub Transmission Node Product Description
C33525.85.C0 (C1.0), • Nokia MetroSite Transmission Solution Release C1.0 Features and
work Instructions E10016361QE_12• Nokia MetroHub Transmission Node: User Manual, Product
Description C33525.85.D0 (C1.2)• http://www.ntc.nokia.com/NTC/RAS/KILO/metrohub.nsf• http://www.online.nokia.com
21 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
MetroHub Example 16x2M Loop (1/3)
3X2M plugin units
Note: 16x2M loop with 2M line interfaces is not the most suitable application with MetroHub, but it higlights the restrictions in planning very well.
FXCE1/T1
FXCRRI
FXCRRI
FXCRRI
Loop Direction 2
Loop Direction 1
To RNC
To RNC
22 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
MetroHub Example 16x2M Loop (2/3)
FXCE1/T1
FXCRRI
FXCRRI
FXCRRI
EXU
Loop Direction 1
Loop Direction 2
To RNC
23 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FXCE1/T1
FXCRRI
FXCE1/T1
MetroHub Example 16x2M Loop (3/3)
FXCE1/T1
FXCRRI
FXCE1/T1
Loop Direction 1Loop Direction 2
To RNC
To RNC
24 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia MetroHub Node Management
• One manager for cross-connect, interfaces, radios and cabinet
• Commissioning wizard
• PC-based MetroHub Manager
• Remote management via NMS
• Local management access possible without disturbing the NMS and without any additional hardware
• Node configurations and cross connections off-line
• Local (later slow-speed-remote) software download without traffic interruption
• New user-friendly cross-connection view
25 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Session exercises
• How many transmission units can fit to MetroHub ?• List all transmission units available?• What is the size of PDH cross-connection bus in
MetroHub?• Draw an example how to arrange 16 x 2 Mbps loop
using MetroHub.
Q
26 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Session exercises
• How many interfaces are there in FXC E1/T1 card?• How many and what kind of interfaces are there in
FXC RRI card?• Draw a block diagram of FXC RRI cross-connection
capability.
Q
27 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FIU 19FIU 19
28 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Radio Indoor Unit: FIU 19• This is Indoor Unit with 19" applications.
• One FIU19 supports upto 4 ODUs
via the flexbus connections
• When more than 2 ODUs are connected,
flexbus with own power supply is required.
• When 4 ODUs are connected, then the
ones configured with the Flexbus interfaces
must be configured to protected mode.
So, transmission to a maximum of three
directions can be achieved with one
FIU19 indoor unit.
29 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• Supports up to 4 FlexiHoppers and/or MetroHoppers (one protected )
• Modular structure (add/drop capacity upgrade etc.)
• Up to 16x2Mbit/s add/drop capacity• 2Mbit/s cross-connection
Plug-in-unit interface modules• 4x2M tributaries (75 and 120 )• Flexbuses 3 and 4• Auxiliary data channels
Plug-in-unit interface modules• 4x2M tributaries (75 and 120 )• Flexbuses 3 and 4• Auxiliary data channels
Radio Indoor Unit - FIU 19
2/3 U
30 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
4x2M add/drop capacity
Radio Indoor Unit - FIU 19 (cont.)
Expansion unit for 16x2Mbit/s add/drop & baseband branching
Expansion unit for 16x2Mbit/s add/drop & baseband branching
Protecting FIU19 for 1+1 FIU 19 configuration
Protecting FIU19 for 1+1 FIU 19 configuration
2 U
16x2M add/drop capacity 16x2M add/drop capacity - Protected FIU 1916x2M add/drop capacity - Protected FIU 19
Modular structure enables easy configuration changes
31 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Flexbus & 2Mbit/s cross-connection
16x2Mbit/s data in serial format - to outdoor unit or to another indoor unit
16x2Mbit/s data in serial format - to outdoor unit or to another indoor unit
2M CrossConnection
One of the 2M cross connection field edges provides up to 16x2 Mbit/s simultaneous Interfaces
One of the 2M cross connection field edges provides up to 16x2 Mbit/s simultaneous Interfaces
Three of the 2Mbit/s cross connection field edges are multiplexed to a serial signal
Three of the 2Mbit/s cross connection field edges are multiplexed to a serial signal
32 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Flexbus & protection
Flexbuses 1 and 2 can be configured for protection
Flexbuses 1 and 2 can be configured for protection
Protection switchProtection switch
2M CrossConnection
Three of the 2Mbit/s cross connection field edges are multiplexed to a serial signal
Three of the 2Mbit/s cross connection field edges are multiplexed to a serial signal
One of the 2M cross connection field edges provides up to 16x2 Mbit/s simultaneous Interfaces
One of the 2M cross connection field edges provides up to 16x2 Mbit/s simultaneous Interfaces
16x2Mbit/s data in serial format - to outdoor unit or to another indoor unit
16x2Mbit/s data in serial format - to outdoor unit or to another indoor unit
33 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• Unprotected Stations with FIU 19
• Protected Stations with FIU 19
• Endless configurations possible, see product description for examples
FIU 19: Applications
34 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
FIU 19: Management
• FIU19 has two Q1 ports: Q1-1, Q1-2 on the front panel.
• Inside FIU19, the Q1 signal is routed through the branching gates the position of these gates is set by the Nokia Hopper Manager.
Fault Handling
• With the old style GSM BTS, Q1 type fault supervision can be used.
• Nokia Hopper Manager can be used to read the alarms.
35 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Pure 3G chain site in RAN 1.5
RNC
Flexbus from 3G BTS
ATMSWITCH
NIU
WSP WSP WSP
3G BTS AXC
...
WAM
WSP WSP WSP...
WAM
IFU E
• • •
• • •
RAN1Phase 1.5
FlexbusesFlexiHoppers/MetroHoppers
Metro
Hub
FXCRRI
FXCE1/T1
36 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Pure loop protected 3G site in RAN 1.5
RNC
Flexbus from 3G BTS
ATMSWITCH
NIU
WSP WSP WSP
3G BTS AXC
...
WAM
WSP WSP WSP...
WAM
IFU E
• • •
• • •
RAN1Phase 1.5
FlexbusesFlexiHoppers/MetroHoppers
Metro
Hub
FXCRRI
FXCRRI
Metro
Hub
FXCRRI
FXCE1/T1
37 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Fractional and non fractional E1's
RNC
BSC
ET
COMMONTRANSPORTON MICROWAVE
E1's for 3G BTS
WSP WSP WSP
3G BTS AXC
...
WAM
WSP WSP WSP...
WAM
IFU E
ATMSWITCH
• • •
• • •
• One or several, fractional or non fractional E1's
Non fractional E1 Fractional E1 shared with 2G BTS
MetroHub
FXCRRI
FXCE1/T1 NIU
FB1
2G BTSTRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRUA
RRIC
D-bus
FB2
LIF2
LIF3
FB1
RAN1Phase 1.5
38 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Session exercises
• What is the basic configuration of FIU 19?
• What different building blocks do we have for FIU 19?
• Draw a picture of FIU 19 cross-connection field?
Q
39 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
SDH Transmission
40 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
SDH Transmission in 3G RAN
• Brings multimedia capability to RAN access
• Meets capacity demand for mobile networks
• Combines fibre and radio transmission to enable the most cost effective and fastest network roll-out to be selected
• Provides simple, future proof and cost efficient solutions in a network with increasingly complex functions
41 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Capacity expansion-Future demand
• More carrier channels allocated
• Dual-band solution
• Transition to micro and pico cells
• EDGE increases required transfer
capacity three-fold compared
to GSM
• Transmission capacity required by
WCDMA is very dependent on on the network configuration and traffic profile
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Single bandGSM
Dual bandGSM
EDGE WCDMA
Mb
it/s
per
macro
cell b
ase s
tati
on
High capacity BTS
low
42 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Network Applications
n x 2Mbit/s
BTS
BTS
Nokia UltraSite Base Station family
Nokia UltraSiteTM
Base Station family
Access networkSTM-1
BSC
RNC
BSC
RNC
MSC
SXCT
Marconi SDH CrossConnect node,
e.g. SMA-4
Backbone network STM-4, STM-16
Marconi SDH CrossConnect node,
e.g. SMA-4
Marconi SDH CrossConnect node,
e.g. SMA-4
43 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• Basic configuration for STM-1 or STM-4 add/drop multiplexer and flexible upgrade path to STM-16 operation
• Wide range of optical and electrical interfaces available at speeds from E1 to STM-16
• Up to 256 x 2 Mbit/s access per single sub-rack
• Provides full connetivity for VC4/3/2/1 granularity
• ATM/IP over SDH support
• 64 kbit/s switching capability within VC-12 (Combiner)
• Unit protection: 1:1 and 1:n (n<8) tributary protection
SDH Features - SMA4 Node
44 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Integration of SMA4/16 with other RAN Network Elements
• SMA or SMA16 can be installed in the same ETSI rack as FIU19 and SDH microwave radios (OEM)
• The connection towards FIU-19 is nx2M
• The interface to SDH radios is STM-1 optical interface
SMA4/16
Power
FIU19
FIU19
STM-4/16
STM-116
-25
2 x
2M
bit
/s
NOKIABSS/RAN
STM-4/16BSC/RNC or SXC T
SDH Microwave Radios
Nokia MetroHopperTM Radio
Nokia FlexiHopperTM
Microwave Radio
45 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio
• SDH, STM-1 (155 Mb/s)
• 32 TCM modulation method
• Frequency bands• 17.7 - 19.7 GHz• 21.2 - 23.6 GHz• 24.25 - 26.5 GHz
46 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Integration Solution
Co-ax
PowerHopper Microwave Radio with UltraSite (GSM, Triple-mode)
IDU
ADM
Installation rack
UltraSiteBase Station
2 Mbit/scables
IDU 1
IDU 2
ADM
47 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Integration Solution
Co-ax
PowerHopper Microwave Radio with 3G BTS (Supreme, Optima)
IDU
Installation rack
3G Base Station
IDU 1
IDU 2
48 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• SDH STM-1 (155 Mbit/s)• - Frequencies: 18, 23 (with 2 different duplex spacing), 26 GHz• - Bandwidth: 56 MHz• - Tx power: +17.0 / +21.5 dBm• - Rx threshold: -73.0 / -73.5 dBm (at 10-
6 BER)
• Modulation: 32, 64 and 128 TCM• Automatic Transmission Power Control (ATPC) 10 dB range
Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio
Performance
49 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• Power Consumption (terminal):
•<78 W (1+0); <170 W (1+1)• Dimension
•IDU: 483mmx250mmx50mm•HSB IDU switch: 483mmx250mmx50mm•ODU (1+0): 135mmx310mmx430mm•HSB ODU: 225mmx310mmx450mm
•Weight•IDU (1+0): 3 kg•IDU (1+1): 9.1 kg•ODU (1+0 without antenna): 8.1 kg•ODU (1+1 without antenna): 10.1 kg
Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio Data
50 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
• Branching unit mounted directly to the antenna unit (requires Nera antennas)
•Nera antennas (HP series):• 18 Ghz 45cm 36.6 dBi, 60 cm 39.5 dBi, 120 cm
45.6 dBi
• 23 Ghz 45 cm 38.1 dBi, 60 cm 41.6 dBi, 120 cm 47 dBi
• 26 GHz 45 cm 39.1 dBi, 60 cm 42.5 dBi, 120 cm 47.6 dBi
• Branching and transceiver units connected to antenna from other suppliers: flexible wave guide is needed
Microwave Antenna Data
51 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Typical Hop Lengths
0
5
10
15
20
25
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Rain intensity [mm/h]
Path
len
gth
[km
]
99.99 %
99.999 %
0.6m antennasvertical polarizationrain outage only
52 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Typical Hop Lengths
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
PL-factor [%]
Path
len
gth
[km
]
99.99 %
99.999 %
0.6m antennasmultipath fading only
53 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Hop lengths
18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz• North Europe
• 30 cm 12 km 11 km 11 km• 60 cm 18 km 17 km 18 km• 120 cm 29 km 27 km 27 km
• South Europe• 30 cm 9 km 7 km 6 km• 60 cm 14 km 10 km 9 km• 120 cm 21 km 15 km 12 km
• Tropical• 30 cm 4 km 3 km 2 km• 60 cm 6 km 4 km 3 km• 120 cm 8 km 6 km 5 km
54 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Session exercises
• What frequency bands are supported by PowerHopper?
• Draw an integration picture for PowerHopper in 3G Ultrasite Supreme BTS site.
• Draw an integration picture for PowerHopper in 2G Ultrasite BTS site.
• What is the bandwidth for STM-1 signal?
• What is RX threshold for 10e-6 BER?
Q
55 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi
Circuit EmulationUnstructured service
RNC
BSC
ET
E1 from 2G BTS
ATMSWITCH
Non fractional E1
AXCIFU A
NIU
2G BTSTRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRUAD-bus
LIF1
RAN1Phase 1.5
WSP WSP
3G BTS AXC
...
WSP WSP...
IFU A
IFU CWAM
WAM
• • •
• • •
CESIWF
STM-1 connection
• •
E1
VCC
VCC
VCC
VPC
AXU
CESIWF
VCC
VCC
VCC
VPC
IFU C
IU IU