![Page 1: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Section 6-2
The Enlightenment in Europe
![Page 2: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Setting the StageBecause of the new ways of thinking that
were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars began to reevaluate old notions about other aspects of society
![Page 3: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The EnlightenmentA new intellectual movement that stressed
reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems
Government, education, religion, and, economics were all aspects of society that scholars sought to change
![Page 4: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Thomas Hobbeswrote LeviathanSaid that man was
inherently evil and they needed a strong government to maintain peace
The trade off of individual rights in exchange for law and order is called the Social Contract
![Page 5: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
John LockeBelieved that people
could learn from experience and improve themselves
Said that all people were born with 3 natural rights (life, liberty, and property)
The government’s job is to protect these rights
![Page 6: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Philosophes
Social critics in FranceBelieved that reason could be applied to
all aspects of life
![Page 7: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Core Beliefs Five concepts formed the core of their beliefs
Reason-truth through reasonNature-natural was goodHappiness-seek well being in this lifeProgress-society can improveLiberty-called for liberties for the people
![Page 8: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
VoltairePhilosophe who used satire to target
aristocrats, religious leaders, and the government
Believed in tolerance, reason, freedom of speech and religious beliefs
![Page 9: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Baron de MontesquieuCreated the ideas of separation of powers
in governmentHe thought that this would keep any one
branch of government from gaining too much power
![Page 10: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rousseau and BeccariaJean J. Rousseau-advocated individual freedom,
he said that the government should be formed by free thinking people
Cesare Beccaria-advocated changes in the Judicial system (right to speedy trial, end to torture, cruel punishments, punishment fit the crime.
![Page 11: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mary WollstonecraftSaid that women deserved equal educationWrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
in which she disagreed with many male scholars on the issue of women’s education
![Page 12: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Challenged Principles Enlightenment thinkers challenged such
things as divine right, the union of church and state, and the existence of unequal social classess
![Page 13: Section 6-2 The Enlightenment in Europe. Setting the Stage Because of the new ways of thinking that were prompted by the Scientific Revolution, scholars](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f3d5503460f94c5c4c3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Legacy of the EnlightenmentLong term effects
A belief in progress led to discoveries in all aspects of society
Society and the world were viewed in a more secular or non-religious outlook
Brought about the rise of individualism-belief that one can depend on themselves and not the church or nobels