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The Vannet Group, LLC
SCADA Made Simple
SCADA Monitor ing
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SCADA Made Simple
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SCADA Made Simple
What is SCADA? History of SCADA
Various types of SCADA systems
Differences between systems
Why the need for monitoring?
How SCADA applies to Water and Wastewater The Mission monitoring RTU
Questions and Answers
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WHO Am I? Environmental Health Specialist
(US ARMY)
Private Industry Perdue Farms,
Inc
Small Town WATER and
WASTEWATER Operator
State Water System Inspector
State Capacity Development
Coordinator
EPA- Small Systems TA Grants
and Small System ToolDevelopment; Capacity Dev
Coordinator, Co-lead on Op
Cert Program, and all around
nice guy.
(PS-Checks in the mail)
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Importance of Communication
Ability to exchange ideas/desires/needs
Express yourself
Send a message
Tower of Babel (Bible)
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Communication- Imperative
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What is SCADA?
SCADA systems were first used in the 1960s
The acronym SCADA meanssupervisory
control and data acquisition
SCADA systems are used to monitor and
control plant or equipment in industries such as:
TelecommunicationsEnergy, oil and gas refining
Transportation
Water and Wastewater monitoring and control
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Concept:MONITORS INPUT SIGNALS
FROM A PROCESS
MANAGES THE DATA
PRODUCES OUTPUT SIGNALS
THAT INFLUENCE THEPROCESS.
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Old School Communications
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Sampling Points
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Pre-SCADA:Telecommunication & Miss Jenkins
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4 VOLUNTEERS
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Physical Components
Remote data monitoring units,
Communications platform and a
Central host or master that manages
entire system.
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First Generation SCADA
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2ndGeneration
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3rdGeneration
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What is SCADA cont.
SCADA systems can be relatively simple,
such as ones that monitor environmental
conditions of a small office building, orvery complex, such as systems that monitor
the activity in a nuclear power plant or
control a municipalitys water systemthrough tank, pump, and well control.
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What is SCADA cont.
SCADA systems gather information such as:
Pump Runtimes Flow
Water Levels Pressure
Amperage Temperature
and transfers and stores the information back to
a central site (computer).
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What is SCADA cont.
SCADA systems can monitor specific alarmsetups such as:
Phase Loss
High Temperature
Excess Pump Starts
Analog Thresholds
High or Low Level
Pump Failure
Intrusion
Power LossGenerator Running
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Types of SystemsUsed in our industry
Auto Dialers
Private Radio
Wireless Data Network Based
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Differences Between Systems
Method of transmitting data
How often the data is transmitted
Amount of data transmitted
Cost!!!
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Auto Dialers
Good solution for basic alarms
Need a dedicated phone line
Limited RTU mobility if you want to move it
You have to deal with the phone company!
Limited features and functionality
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Private Radio
Optimal for advanced applications, i.e. oil,gas and storage plants
High number of inputs and outputs
Generally custom designed Single database computer (control center)
Costly software
Setup is time-consuming
On going maintenance costs
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National Wireless Data
Network SystemThe Newer Technology Options
Uses the public cellular network system
Low equipment and installation costs
No costly software
Internet based access
Mixed deployment/Roll out over time
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National Wireless Data
Network System
Ease of installation
Scalable from 1 unit to X units Compatible to existing HMI SCADA
software programming mods
Capable of meeting or exceeding homelandsecurity and AWWA standards with 128-bitencryption
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Is Cellular Reliable?
The short answer isYES!
Uses the data channel, not the voice Each transmission is confirmed end to end
All transmissions are encrypted
After disasters, cell towers are brought in ontractor trailers and communication is restored
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1. Field RTUThe Box
2. National Wireless Data Networks
3. Centralized Web Software
4. Alarms To Virtually Anything
5. Secure Customer Web Site
Pagers
Fax
Email
Cell
Phones
Basic Components of Internet EnabledMonitoring & SCADA Systems
RTU
Centralized Web
Based Software
Alarms &
Data
Customer
Website2.
3.
4.
5.
Internet
1.
Network Carriers
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Why the need?
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Why the need?
Ever increasing regulatory restrictions arebeing imposed on Water and Wastewater
operators for efficient & safe system
operations such as Class 1 Reliability (EPA,DEQ, etc)
Both current & historical data from
electronic databases greatly simplify theregulatory reporting process
Redundancy to larger SCADA systems all
ready in place
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The tank does
that all the
time. Its OK.
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Applications
National Public Wireless Data Networks
combined with Internet Data Access are now a
permanent contender for automation in the
Water & Wastewater Industry.
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How It Applies to
Water/Wastewater Wireless Technology Can Be Applied In
A Variety of Remote Applications
Water Pumping Stations Sewer Lift Stations
Level / Flow / Pressure Applications
Tank Storage Applications
Storm Water / Sewer Flow Applications
Meter Reading Applications
Water Well and Tank Control
Rainfall Monitoring
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How It Applies to
Water/Wastewater cont
Profiling and understanding:
Flow Data Rainfall Data
Level Data Surcharge Data
Pump Activity Other Parameters
is crucial for effective operations.
New wireless technologies are now
available for very remote sites.
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Typical Lift Station
Rainfall Monitoring
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Water Tower Monitoring
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Water Plant Monitoring
Tank and Well Control
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Very Remote
Location?
Solar Power isthe Answer!
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Map location of your stations
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E l S li S ll P i
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Example Supplier Sell Points
ReliableMoney Saving Features
PrepackagedEase of Installation
SimpleVery Affordable
M110 Full Monitoring System
M800 Full SCADA M200 Solar Station
M81 CSO/SSO Monitoring
INCLUDES:Secure Website,Graphics & Software, Alarms,
Mgmt. Reports, Runtime
Reports, Maintenance Logs
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Bt wut r t costs?
Data Loggers with
modems costs on the
order of $1,100 to
$1,800
A small SCADA
system cost on the
order of $1,400 to$4,600
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SCADA Security
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Security Terminology
1. Redundancyof the system. Redundancy refers to the
ability of certain components of a system to assume
functions of failed components without adversely affecting
the performance of the system itself.
2. Robustnessof the system. Robustness refers to the
degree of insensitivity of a system design to errors in the
estimates of those parameters affecting design choice.
Robustness or those properties that make the system less
vulnerable to attack (stability).
3. Resilienceof the system. Resilience is the ability of a
system to operate close to its closest possible design
technically and institutionally over a short run after an
attack, such that the losses are within manageable limits.
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Ways to Prevent Attacks
Sh ld M S t U SCADA?
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Should My System Use SCADA? Todays SCADA systems are able to take advantage of the evolution from mainframe
based to client/server architectures. These systems use common communicationsprotocols like Ethernet and TCP/IP to transmit data from the field to the central
master control unit.
SCADA protocols have also evolved from closed proprietary systems to an open
system, allowing designers to choose equipment that can help them monitor their
unique system using equipment from variety of vendors
SCADA systems are widely used to monitor and control U.S. critical infrastructure
utilities such as Electrical Power Plants and Water Distribution Centers
While SCADA protocols are more open today, there is no clear consensus of which
protocol is best. IEC 60870-5 series and DNP3 have many similarities but are not
100% compatible.
Sh ld M S t U SCADA?
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SCADA systems, like other computer systems, are subject to many common security
attacks such as viruses, denial of service, and hijacking of the system
Because SCADA systems use leased telephone lines, twisted pair cable, microwave
radio, and spread spectrum techniques, they have many of the same security
vulnerabilities
Should My System Use SCADA?
Sh ld M S t U SCADA?
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The Explosive Growth In National Wireless Networks, Personal
Communications, and the Internet Provide Great Flexibility and
Scalability For Automation Of Water and Wastewater
Applications
No Need For Large Capital Outlay for Proprietary WirelessNetwork Build-out
Can Be Cost Effective and Deployed in a Variety Of
Applications
- Rural, Suburban, and Urban Sites- High Cost Sites
- Applications that Require Redundancy
- New Installations, Upgrades, and Replacement Sites
Should My System Use SCADA?
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Checklist
Section 1: SCADA General Questions
(functions, reliability, staff trained?)
Section 2: Communication Pathway
(Reliable: power failure, weather, hardware
to software) Section 3: Security
Questions?
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Questions?
Think of
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Think of
More than Just Operators
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The Vannet Group
Steve Clark
866-616-8263
A Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business
Visit Us At:
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]