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SCADA
John F. LipkaUSA Security LeadEncana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc
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Acronym - SCADA• What does SCADA stand for?
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionTechnologies used to control and collect data from
remote locations.
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SCADA in the Natural Gas Industry
• SCADA is used to bring oil and gas production volumes from the field to the office for accounting, control, marketing, measurement and monitoring purposes.
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Before SCADA in the Natural Gas Industry
• Grease books and notes
• Manual entry - Excel
• Phone in or radio in information
• No monitoring or control ability
• More window time
• No callouts for any kind of alarms
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SCADA - Overview
Control Room
SCADA Host
Radio
Flow Computer (RTU)
Radio
Central LocationEquipment
CommunicationsEquipment
Remote Location Equipment
Corporate Accounting, Security, Operations
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Field Site
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SCADA - Field Hardware
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SCADA Hardware
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Remote Location Equipment
• Measure and control the process.
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Communications Equipment
RADIO
Satellite
Cell Modem
Weather Balloon and
Radio
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Communications
• Communications is the backbone for SCADA.
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SCADA – HMI’s
• Monitor and interact with the data• CygNet – Human Machine Interface
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SCADA - HMI
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SCADA – HMI’s
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Camera’s
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Summary • Used for monitoring and/or control
Regional ONG Control Centers vs. Remote Access
• Provides faster response and data for timely decision making
• Better decisions with more information• Communication is the heart of a SCADA system
900Mhz Radios Spread Spectrum, freq hops w/in a band based on a algorithm
• Focus is on I &M
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• Security Concerns
Consolidation of above ground field assetsupstream and midstream
I&M Technicians “keys to the codes”Lease Operators aka Pumpers routeAccess to Company Intranet via public portal
firewall (firewall attack SOP)Local Safeguards in Place (limit production will
shut in the well, pipeline)
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• Security Concerns
By design- react to high pressure, loss of production situations implemented locally
There are limitations i.e., “false positive events”
Spread spectrum inherently has more security built in to it (harder to steal)
ONG movement into CNG, LNG, GTL stations, terminals, processing
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• Cyber Crime, Issues, Threats
Phishing
get an employee to do some thing or a piece of propriety information (personal or company)
FCI- China
technologies, AP, source code, new plays
Tool to advance criminal activity
counterfeit royalty checks, MF, WF violations
FBI InfraGard
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• Questions?