Download - Sc Form 1 6.0 Sources of Energy
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6.1 Various Forms and Sources of Energy
y Energy the ability to do work
y Every living thing needs energy to live and to
carry out its daily activitiesy Man and animals get their energy from the food
they eat
y Plants get energy from the food they make
during photosynthesis
y Energy is also needed to move vehicles and to
operate machines
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Forms of Energy1. Light energy
2. Kinetic energy
3. Potential energy4. Sound energy
5. Heat energy
6. Electrical energy7. Chemical energy
8. Nuclear energy
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1. Kinetic energyy Anything that moves has kinetic energy
y The faster an object moves, the more kinetic
energy it has
A moving car Water flowing in a river
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2.Potential energyGravitational potential energy
y Energy that is stored in an object due to its position
y The higher or heavier an object, the bigger is its
potential energy
Water at the Coconuts on a
top of waterfall coconut tree
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2.Potential energy
Elastic potential energy
yEnergy that is stored due to its position
A stretched A bent plastic ruler
rubber band
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3.
Light energyy Anything that gives out light
y Enables us to see
yThe sun is the primary source of energy
Lighted candles Burning charcoal
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4. Heat energyy Anything that is hot
y Can be detected by ourskin
A burning gas stove Volcanic eruption
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5. Sound energyy Energy that is produced by vibrations
y Can be detected by our ears
Thunder A barking dog
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6.
Chemical energyyEnergy that is stored in food, fuels and
chemical substances
The food we eat Petrol
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7. Electrical energyyProduced by electricity
Bicycle dynamo Solar cells
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8.Nuclear energy
yStored in the nucleus of atom
Atomic bombs
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Sources of Energyy Energy cannot be created
y It can be obtained from sources which exist
naturallyy The various sources of energy are:
a) The sun e) Biomass
b) Wind f) Geothermal
c) Water g) Radioactive/nuclear
d) Waves h) Fossil fuels (petroleum,
coal and natural gas)
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1. The sun (solar)y It is the primary source of energy
y It gives out heat energy and light energy
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2. Wind
y It is the air that is moving
y It has kinetic energy
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3. Water
yWater that is stored has potential energy
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3. Water
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4. Waves
y It is formed when wind blows across thesea
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5. Biomass
y It is formed from
the waste products
or decomposition of
plants and animals
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5. Biomass
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6. Geothermaly It is the heat energy inside the earth
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6. Geothermal
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7. Radioactive / Nuclear
y It exists in radioactive or nuclearsubstances such as uranium or plutonium
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Review : Effects of Atomic BombsySkin burning
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Review : Effects f t ic s
yFoetus deformation
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Review : Effects f t ic s
yBaby deformation
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Review : Effects f t ic s
yDisability
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8. Fossil fuels
(coal, petroleum and natural gas)
They are from plants
and animals that died
millions of years ago
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Fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil)
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Coal
Coal train Mining coal
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F r ati f C al
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Coal
Burning coal
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Energy change and energy converter
yEnergy cannot be created or destroyed
yEnergy can change from one form toanother
yAnything that changes energy from one
form to another is called an energyconverter
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Examples of energy converter and energy change
A turning fan
Electrical Kinetic energy +energy Sound energy
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Examples of energy converter and energy change
A lighted candle
Chemical Light energy +energy Heat energy
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Examples of energy converter and energy change
An electric circuit
Chemical Electrical Light energy
energy energy + Heat energy
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Examples of energy converter and energy change
A wind up toy car
Potential Kinetic energy +energy Sound energy
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6.2 Renewable and
Non-renewable Energy
y Energy sources can be divided into:
Renewable Non-renewable
Sun
Wind
Wave
Water
Biomass
Geothermal
Radioactive substance
Fossil fuels
- Petroleum
- Natural gas
- Coal
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Renewa l
eene
rgy s rce
s
yEnergy sources that can be replaced
and will not be used up
(sumber tenaga yang boleh diganti
dan tidak akan habis)
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Renewable Energy
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Non- renew
a le
ene
rgy sou
rce
syEnergy sources that cannot be
replaced and will eventually be usedup
(sumber tenaga yang tidak bolehdiganti dan akan habis digunakansuatu hati nanti)
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Summary
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Use
so
f so
larene
rgyy It is stored in solar cells, solar panels and
solar heaters
y It is used to produce heat and electricity
y It is used by green plants to make food
during photosynthesis
y It is clear and does not pollute the
environment
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U
ses of solar energy
Solar panels Solar heaters
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Ways t
ou
se
ene
rgye
fficien
tlyy Walk or cycle for short trips
y Car pool to work
y Use public transport if possibley Switch off electrical appliances when not in use
y Used fluorescent lamps instead of filament lamps
y Service machines and engines of motor vehicles
regularly
y Invent more efficient machines and more vehicles
that do not use much energy
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Ways t
ou
se
ene
rgye
fficien
tly
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Ways t
ou
se
ene
rgye
fficien
tly
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6.3 The Importance of
Conserving Energy Sources
yTo prevent energy crisis
ySo that non-renewable energy sources willnot be depleted quickly
ySo that there will still be energy sources
left for the future generation to use
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6.3 The Importance of
Conserving Energy Sources
ySo that the uses of energy do not pollute
the environment and cause healthproblems to living things
ySo that man can still enjoy a comfortable
life with the technology that uses energysources
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