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ALPINE VEGETATION RESPONSES
1500 km transect across eastern Himalaya
Increasing:
• Richness
• Biodiversity
• Endemism
Extinction Debt before the
Summit Trap? or not
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PARTICIPATORY METHODOLOGIES TO
INVESTIGATE INDIGENOUS PERCEPTIONS &
ADAPTATIONS
• Mapping
• Calendars
• Plant cards
• Photo voice
• Repeat photos
• Interviews
Maurice Herzog 1950 Manangi 2011
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HIMALAYAN CLIMATE CHANGE: PERCEPTION & DATA
• Temperature increase
• Precipitation increase and variability
• Glacial retreat, glacial lake formation &
outburst
. . . and much more
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AGRICULTURAL TIPPING POINT
ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE
At ~3500 masl,
traditional agropastoralism
gives way to
cash crops, fruits & vegetables
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CULTURAL ADAPTATION
• Food
• Clothing
• Agriculture
• Livelihoods
• Religion
• Cash economies
• Carbon footprint
1979 Zdenek
Thoma
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SPIRITUAL ADAPTATION
TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Prayers
• Living Buddha
• Lhu
Bans
• Cutting trees
• Pollution
(both spiritual
& physical)
Omens
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CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
• Soil amendments
• Afforestation
• Agroforestry
• Traditional conservation
• Low carbon footprint
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BIOCULTURAL INTERACTIONS
WITH CLIMATE CHANGE:
SYSTEMS DYNAMICS MODEL
TEK maintains biodiversity
through NRM & conservation
Language maintains TEK TEK encoded in Language
Biodiversity is basis of TEK
Equations change
with climate
change & language
biodiversity
TEK
language
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLES &
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
Forefront of Climate Change
Perceive
Adapt
Mitigate
Justice and equality:
a place at the table
Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, Target 13:
Indigenous and local knowledge, innovations and practices
associated with plant resources will be maintained to support
customary use, sustainable livelihoods, local food security and
health care.