![Page 1: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Rocks• Naturally occurring • Solid substance • Made of minerals
3 types of rocks• Sedimentary• Igneous• Metamorphic
![Page 2: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Rocks can be compared to cookies
![Page 3: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Sedimentary rocks• Formed from sediment (small particles of
rock) pressed and cemented together over millions of years.
• Limestone made from particles of calcite (fizzed with acid)
• Sandstone: made from sand size particles; rough• Shale: made from very small particles, smooth and
black.
![Page 4: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Sedimentary rock forms layers
Remember the Grand Canyon activity? Which layer is the oldest?
![Page 5: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Igneous Rocks• Formed when molten rock cools and hardens
– Magma is molten rock below the surface– Lava is molten rock above the surface
![Page 6: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Extrusive igneous rocks• Form above the surface
• Lava cools quickly • Small grains
Intrusive igneous rocks• Form below the surface• Magma cools slowly
• Large grains
![Page 8: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Granite
• Igneous rock with large grains/crystals• Formed when magma cools and hardens• Is it intrusive or extrusive?
![Page 10: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Basalt
• Formed when flowing lava cools and hardens • Small grains• Is it intrusive or extrusive?
![Page 11: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Pumice
• Formed when bubbling lava cools and hardens• Small grains with air holes from bubbles;
igneous rocks with air holes are called vesiculated.
• Intrusive or extrusive?
![Page 12: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Obsidian (Volcanic glass)
• Formed when lava cools and hardens very quickly
• Very tiny grains or no grains at all• Intrusive or extrusive?
![Page 13: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Metamorphic Rock
• Formed when extreme heat and pressure below the surface of the earth change existing rocks into another rock.
PARENT ROCK METAMORPHIC ROCK
![Page 14: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What changes?• The minerals may change to another mineral by
chemical reactions.• The arrangement of minerals may change; they
might line up and form bands; this is called foliation.
![Page 15: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Marble
• A metamorphic rock that comes from limestone
• The calcite has formed larger crystals• Marble reacts to acid..
![Page 16: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gneiss (“nice”)
• Formed from granite or shale• The minerals become arranged in bands.
![Page 17: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Quartzite
• Forms from sandstone• The minerals from the sand (quartz) grow
together to form bigger crystals.
![Page 18: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Slate
• Formed from shale that is compressed over a long period of time.
![Page 19: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Rocks Naturally occurring Solid substance Made of minerals 3 types of rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697bf751a28abf838c808aa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Rock Cycle