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RNA
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RNA• Name: Ribonucleic acid • Nitrogen bases: A-U-C-G (adenine, uracil, cytosine,
guanine) • Structure: single - strand of nucleotides • Sugar: ribose (5-carbon sugar) • Function: to carry the DNA code to the ribosomes• Number of types: 3 • Names of the types: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA • Codon: 3 nitrogen bases that code for an amino acid• Transcription; transferring DNA code onto mRNA • Why is RNA important? Without RNA there would
not be instructions for making proteins at the ribosomes in cells.
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List the differences
1. Single RNA/double DNA 2. Uracil (RNA) Thymine (DNA) 3. Ribose = RNA sugar Deoxyribose = DNA sugar4. GAUC = RNA bases GATC = DNA bases
DNARNA
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List the similarities 1. PHOSPHATE/SUGAR SIDES 2. MADE OF NUCLEOTIDES 3. 5-CARBON SUGAR 4. NUCLEIC ACIDS
DNARNA
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What is codon? 3 NITROGEN BASES on mRNA THAT CODE FOR AN AMINO ACID
mRNA•Nucleic Acid•Single-stranded•Made in nucleus as a result of transcription•Travels to ribosome with transcribed DNA code•Called messenger RNA
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rRNA• Made of a large and a small unit that come together for protein synthesis•Found in the cytoplasm• Translates the mRNA code to amino acid code in making proteins• Called ribosomal RNA
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AMINO ACID
tRNA
ANTICODON
tRNA• Small coiled RNA with three unmatched bases• Found in the cytoplasm• Carries amino acid to ribosome • Called transfer RNA
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Use proper base pairing to complete DNA and mRNA
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Summary for making proteinsTRANSCRIPTION → mRNA →TRANSLATION → PROTEIN
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MAKING PROTEINS ANIMATION
SIMPLE ANIMATED TRANSCRIPTION
ANOTHER ANIMATED TRANSLATION
EASY TO FOLLOW TRANSLATION
CHECK OUT THESE LINKS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE PROCESSES INVOLVED IN MAKING PROTEINS.
ANIMATED TRANSLATION