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Security Agility Reduced CostSecurity Agility Reduced Cost
Foundation for an agile IT Infrastructure:
Building the ultimate database containerwith
Red Hat Enterprise Linux, MySQL, andVirtualization
Jan Mark Holzer
Consulting Engineer
Emerging Technology Group
CTO Office
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Outline What is virtualization and how can it help Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 & Virtualization
Database Appliances
Use Models and Deployments Q&A
Red Hat EnterpriseLinux
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Why virtualization ?
Its fun.
It gets a lot of papers published.
Its going to change everything. Eventually.
But the customer benefits boil down to just two things
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Customer BenefitsVirtualization can help to manage cost
Virtualization enables distributed, automated system management Virtualization allows resources to be managed as abstract entities
Independent of physical instantiation, location even existence
Physical servers host multiple virtual servers
Virtual servers are objects that hide underlying complexity
Presents a common interface and architecture
Simplifies OS and system maintenance
Hardware abstraction
Virtual resources can be allocated and managed dynamically
Enables more efficient use of existing resources Manage such things as cost, QoS, power,floor space, cooling and security
Enhances scalability while controlling costs
Virtualization is the fundamental enabling technology for utility computingand utility services, both of which will reduce costs
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Customer BenefitsVirtualization can help to manage risk
Virtual servers run in secure compartments Isolation is comparable to separate physical servers
Failures, even user and kernel errors, cannot propagate to other virtual servers
Individual applications can be mapped to separate virtual servers
Enhances security and separation
Avoids application incompatibility problems
Separation of virtual and physical resources facilitates availability
Transparent hot-swap component replacement and upgrades
Live virtual server migration for load management and maintenance
Low-cost redundancy
Virtualization provides a risk buffer for capacity planning
Under-provisioning to reduce expenses
Over-provisioning to ensure adequate capacity
Dynamic resource management can mitigate these risks
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Example: Data Center Dilemma
Data center has physical constraints Fixed sized, fixed power, fixed cooling, etc Often physical constraints are cost prohibitive to change
Data centers have excess capacity Volume servers (Intel ISS) 10-15% utilized, mid / high 30-40% (>4 socket)
Customers comfortable with single application server One application per OS instance optimal unit of management, control, etc. Application stacking to consolidate on a single OS viewed as higher risk and
often more expensive Need a new service, deploy a new server / storage (ie VM warehouse model)
Dilemma Can no longer afford current paradigm
Cant afford the $10 million server or storage controller that translates intoa new data center or expansion
Cant afford continual increase in number of administrators or cost / time todeploy new services
Cant afford power and thermal management e.g. Annual electric bill for Googles 200K servers greater than cost of
all server hardware
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Multiplex one machine into different Virtual Machines VMs; allows running differentisolated guest Operating Systems with different applications on same physicalhardware.
Allows a Guest OS to run
under control of a supervising
master program that is called:
Hypervisor or Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). Hypervisor / VMM Functionality:
Virtualizes System Resources
Provides Scheduling of host/guests
Intra-guest communication
Common grounding
'Host' also often referred as 'dom0' and/or HyperVisor
'Guest' also known as 'domU'
Hypervisor/VMMHardware
What is Virtualization?
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux Overview
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Red Hat development model
Collaboration with partners and open source contributors to develop
technology
Deliver complete distributions in two stages for two users
First stage
Fedora: The development vehicle
New versions approximately twice each year Unsupported
Fast moving, latest technology
Second stage
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
New versions approximately every 18 22 months Supported and certified
Stable, mature, commercially
focused technologies
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What's new in Version 5?
Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform
Integrated virtualization
Industry leading performance and price/performance
Enhanced and easy to use security
Improved networking and interoperability
Enhanced development tools
New SLAs
Enhanced client
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux Overview
2005 2006 2007 2008 20102009
RHEL 5
RHEL 4
RHEL 3
RHEL 2.1
RHEL 3 in transition from Full Support to Maintenancemode.
Final bug-fix-only update 9
Improved para-virtualized drivers planned.
RHEL 4.5 released May 2nd
Lengthened release cycle to avoid schedule overlap.
Support of RHEL4 para-virt guests on RHEL5.
Extended full support phase of approx. 3 years
RHEL 4.6 in November.
Final bug-fix-only release, similar to 3.9 in August
'08.
U7 U8...
U3 U4
U9
4.5 4.6
5.1 5.2
4.7 4.8
RHEL 5 released March 2007
Virtualization and Advanced Platform
intergation
Selinux enhancements
New cluster management infrastructure
GFS2 , Statless Linux technology preview
RHEL 6 no schedule yet for next major release
Planning driven by customers, partners and
technology
Fedora 7 released and Fedora 8 in planning
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RHEL Virtualization Roadmap
2007 2008 20102009
RHEL 5
5.1 5.2
RHEL 5.1 HVM Improvements
Performance (Hot-) Migration
32 on 64 bit para-
virtualized. Dom0 KDump IA64 Support Libvirt enhancement Security
Post-RHEL 5.1 Para-VIrtualizeddrivers for HVM RHEL 3,later 4. Para-Virtualizeddrivers for Windows.
RHEL 5.2 Large System Support
NUMA Memory
Nested Page Tablesupport planned. Path for CIM supporton top of libvirt. Virtual Desktop
RHEL 5.0 GA Core Virtualization. Para-Virt RHEL onRHEL, 32/32, 64/64 bit,
x86& x86_64
Libvirtmanagement RHEL 5 guests RHEL 4 guests with4.5+
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: Product summary Servers:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform for mainstreamcustomers
Unlimited server size and virtualization capabilities
Maximum flexibility and value
Red Hat Enterprise Linuxavailable for
small environments
Clients:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop
Workstationand Multi-OSoptions for special environments
High volume security and manageability
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Advanced Platform Extends the base product to provide a complete solution for
virtualized environments The ideal solution for the mainstream customers
Advanced Platform provides
Integrated server and storage capabilities
Unlimited guest operating systems
Guest migration with consistent storage
Application migration*
Cluster Logical Volume Management &Global File System*
Seamless expansion across multiple systems Enhanced management capabilities
Easy transition for Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS customers
Provides significantly greater capabilities* Previously offered as separate layered products:
Red Hat Global File System and Red Hat Cluster Suite
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Red Hat virtualization architecture
Physical computing and storage components provide a central poolof resources
Virtual systems with appropriate compute, memory, and data can
be dynamically allocated, provisioned, and managed
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Development Approach Requirements: Stability, reliability, effectiveness
Release focus is on foundational elements Innovation rate is high in virtualization technologies
Stable platform with stable APIs for easy enhancement
Support for x86, x86_64, UP and SMP at GA
Support for IA64, PPC tech preview in RHEL5 GA
Focus is on foundational elements
Priority is to deliver hooks, APIs to enable continued development of rich management &
monitoring tools
At a minimum, will include: libvirt local Virtual Machine (VM) management API
create, destroy, start, stop, suspend, resume
basic support for hot and cold migration
iSCSI, GFS2 (tech preview in RHEL5 GA), NFS containers
Virtual block, network
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libvirt: Stable and Open API Management of hypervisor(s)
Hypervisor agnostic Stable API for application developers
Isolation from Xen HV instability
Isolation from XenD protocol changes
Formalized error reporting/handling
XML definitions for Vms
Distributed in FC4/FC5/FC6/F7/RHEL5/Debian/OpenSolaris
Core API in C, Python/Perl bindings
CLI access via virsh
Database
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DatabaseAppliances
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MySQL Database Appliances Virtual Appliances
One or more virtual machines packaged and tailored for distributionand deployment
Pre-defined function and packaging
Pre-configured and optimized for specific use case MySQL and OS configuration/tuning
Benefits of appliances Ease of Installation, configuration and deployment
Tested as a whole by vendor/supplier
Can be easily replicated
Long term storage and archival
Hardware agnostic and independence Application isolation (performance, security)
Dynamic workload management
Ability to move workloads online throughout the environment
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MySQL Database Appliances Dynamic Management of Virtual Appliances
Integrated Virtualization will allow use of live migration and/or failover torelocate/move appliances throughout the infrastructure
Live migration automatically used by underlying clustering framework
Can trigger relocation/movement via scripts/API
Dynamic (re)allocation of resources based on workload needs
Hot-add of virtual CPUs Resizing of memory footprint
Add I/O and network capacity on demand
Dixie Cup model for deployments
Automated provisioning based on profiles
Fast recreation of VMs for DR/DT Quick (re)provisioning of new/additional appliances
Agnostic to underlying hardware infrastructure (storage, server, network)
Can move between different hardware vendors and processors
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Virtual SMP combined with
sub-CPU granularity
All available in one offering on RHEL5Virtual machine scalability and Higher resource utilization
VMn == domUn
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Memory ballooning
VMn == domUn
Guest can be configured to balloon/grow their current memory
footprint Allows for online expansion and growth
Can use virt-manager or CLI interface for management
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Memory ballooning
VMn == domUn
Growing guest VM2 to 1GB using memory ballooning
Now both guests have increased their available memory onlineResize database SGA
Increase available VM for applications etc...
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I/O virtualization
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Dynamic I/O Sharing
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Dynamic Network I/O Sharing
High
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gAvailability
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Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
RHEL5
Host A
Gues
t
RHEL5
Host B
Shared
Storage
Guest running as a RHCS serviceGuest 1
Guest 2
Guest X
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RHEL5
Host A
Gues
t
RHEL5
Host B
Shared
Storage
Guest running as a RHCS serviceGuest 1
Guest 2
Guest X
Automatic failover upon Hypervisor failure
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
Hi hl A il bl RHEL5 H d M SQL
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RHEL5
Host A
Gues
t
RHEL5
Host B
Shared
Storage
App
Guest 2
Guest XGuest 1Guests running as independent cluster
Hypervisor clustered via RHCS
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
Hi hl A il bl RHEL5 H d M SQL
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RHEL5
Host A
RHEL5
Host B
Shared
Storage
Guest 2
App
Guest XGuest 1Guests running as independent cluster
Hypervisor clustered via RHCSApplication failover upon hosts/guest failure
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
Hi hl A il bl RHEL5 H d M SQL
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RHEL5
Host A
Gues
t
RHEL5
Host B
Shared
Storage
Guest 2
App
Guest XGuest 1Guests running as independent cluster
Hypervisor clustered via RHCSApplication failover upon hosts/guest failure
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQL
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Shared
Storage
App
Guest 2
Guest X
Guests running as independent cluster
RHEL5
Host C
Guest 1 Guest X
Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
RHEL5
Host A
RHEL5
Host B
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQL
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Shared
Storage
Guest 2
Guest X
Guests running as independent cluster
RHEL5
Host C
Guest 1 Guest XMySQL can migrate to another Guest/VM
Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
RHEL5
Host A
RHEL5
Host B
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQL
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Shared
Storage
Guest 2
Guest X
Guests running as independent cluster
Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS
RHEL5
Host C
Guest 1 Guest X
MySQL can migrate toa bare metal system
Highly Available RHEL5 Host and MySQLinstance
RHEL5
Host A
RHEL5
Host B
RHEL5 Di R
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RHEL5 Disaster Recovery
RHEL5
Site A
RHEL5
Site B
Shared
Storage
Guest 1
Guest 2
Guest XGuest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
XP/CA, EVA/CA
RHEL5 Di R
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RHEL5 Disaster Recovery
RHEL5
Site A
RHEL5
Site B
Shared
Storage
Guest 1
Guest 2
Guest XGuest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
RHEL5 Disaster Recovery
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RHEL5 Disaster Recovery
RHEL5
Site A
RHEL5
Site B
Shared
Storage
Guest 1
Guest 2
Guest X
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
Guest
Image
XP/CA, EVA/CA
S l i l b i bl
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Solving real business problems
Virtual Machine relocation enables High Availability:
machine maintenance
Load Balancing:
statistical multiplexing gain
Live Migration
Consider the possibilities
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Consider the possibilities...
R
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Resources MySQL
http://www.mysql.com/
Red Hat http://www.redhat.com/
Virtualization Infocenter
http://www.openvirtualization.com/
libvirt
http://www.libvirt.org/
virt-Manager
http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/
Red Hat Cluster Suite http://www.redhat.com/solutions/gfs/
Red Hat Emerging Technology Group
http://et.redhat.com/
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Questions?Questions?
ThanksThanksJan Mark [email protected]
Advanced Platform benefits
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Advanced Platform benefits
Designed for mainstream customers who seek the advantages of
virtualization without complexity or risk
Provides a full virtualization infrastructure in one complete package
Eliminates the need to create a solution using multiple products
from different vendors
Reduced solution cost Reduced deployment time
Integrated installation and
management
Extensive documentation Training services
Installation and maintenance services