RepRap, open source hardware and the future
@ErikDeBruijn
Personal, domesticfabrication
• Science fiction or inevitable?• Why will it happen?• How fast will it happen?• Tension between ease of copying
and obsolete but powerfulindustries?
Personal, domesticfabrication
• Science fiction or inevitable?• Why will it happen?• How fast will it happen?• Tension between ease of copying
and obsolete but powerfulindustries?
fab@home
Founders: Adam, Zach and Bre. Photo: Courtesy of Makerbot Indutries.
CC-SA-BY Webca
Founders: Adam, Zach and Bre. Photo: Courtesy of Makerbot Indutries.
CC-SA-BY Webca
What's theRepRap?
A "3D printer"or
"object fabricator"
Prints in (bio)plastics(currently)
Makes objects on-demand of arbitrary
shape.
Movie / Demo
SKIPPING!
Nature
• Grows
• Regenerates
(heals)
• Evolves
Adrian Bowyer Vik Olliver
Not just copies of itself...
Video: From Darwin to Mini Mendel (YouTube)CC-SA-BY Erik de Bruijn
version 1.0CC-SA-BY Erik de Bruijn
- version 2.0
CC-SA-BY Erik de Bruijn
mini
RepRap version 3.0?
Video
Self assembly
Download: www.thingiverse.com/thing:978
RepRap version 4.0?
Video
RepRap
Evolving mechanics
Print yourself: 50 cents vs. 88 euros commercially
ModularUseful for experimentation and custom setups
IntegratedTurn-key solution
Evolving electronics
Parametric design(OpenSCAD)
Evolving software
Parametric design(OpenSCAD)
Evolving software
thingiverse.com/thing:591
Evolving software
Free 3D Modeling Software - Blender (GPL) - Art of Illusion (GPL) - OpenSCAD (GPL)- HeeksCAD (BSD) - TopMod3D (GPL) - Wings3D (GPL) - StructureSynth (GPL) - Google SketchUp
From: SketchUp Keynote speechhttp://vimeo.com/11322333
Users
Evolving output quality
From my400 euro RepRap
DarwinFrom a 20,000+ euro
Stratasys Dimension 1200SST
Evolving output quality
2006 2008
New materials & scales
Pottery 2.0
Grootschaliger printenComplete meubels
Digital pottery
Evolving infrastructure Thingiverse
Two categorieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8SewJ2lyf4
The big picture
- Many positive feedback loops
- Leads to exponential growth...
Sampling the exponential growth rate
Printer operator joined n years ago -->
The community is doubling every 6 months and increasing 10-fold in 20 months!
*Actual number of operators is an order of a magnitude higher, sample is 1/10 of population.
*Faster than Moore's Law:
transistors double in ~ 2 years
*
Evolving infrastructure
Thingiverse
Content
iPhone Dock (Belt) buckle & strap Tiny Open Source Violin
Working whistle (with pea printed inside)
Art and gifts LED candle covers
Collaboration
"Physical content-reuse"
• ArduinoPopular open source microcontroller tool chain
• SanguinoArduino compatiblesystem created for the RepRap project
• Now used in dozens of other projects!
Conventional Making• Mostly inefficient.• Quality is lacking! Non-replicable.• Do's and Don't of Making!
Conventional Making• Mostly inefficient.• Quality is lacking! Non-replicable.
Do Don't!
Do Don't!
thing://1672
Spare partsThreat or opportunity?
Making: Replacements or extensions
Replacement parts
schaakstuk kwijt?
onderdeel stuk?
The commons repositories
Examples:• Wikipedia.org > Knowledge• Youtube > Information and entertainment• Thingiverse.com > Things Features:• User-generated • Consolidation and codification of knowledge• Reduces duplication of effort• Non-restrictive nature maximizes value creation
Content or innovations?
Toys (for all ages)
Content or innovations?
Coffee belt clip iPhone tripod mount
Web 2.0 Mashups are soo 2006!
Content or innovations?Robot modules or even complete robots
Micro 'factories' and complete 3D printers
Personal 3D Printer
Content or innovations?Parts for self assembling systems that can be 3D printed
Open Source Fusionpowered by
3D printed parts
• Online proposal for an open source standard construction kit
• Extruded aluminium beam• Suitable for mass production:high up-front costs
• Crowdfunded by 132 people• > 17k in pledges received in months
Thank you!
More info
Main project:
www.RepRap.org
Companies:
www.Makerbot.com
www.BitsFromBytes.com
Other projects:
www.makerbeam.com
,
www.Thingiverse.com
Videos:www.youtube.com/erikdb
Twitter:http://twitter.com/ErikDeBruijn
My Company:www.BudgetDedicated.com
References
• Discussion• Further infomation
o My blog: http://erikdebruijn.nlo p2pfoundation.orgo RepRap project: www.RepRap.orgo RepLab.org - creating open replicable FabLab'so Democratizing Innovation (By Eric von Hippel) and user innovation literature
o Kerstin Balka - On the open design of tangible goods o Thingiverse objects:
Personal 3D printer (thing:815) [email protected]
My vCard:
