Regulation and the Nervous System
What is “REGULATION”?
To maintain a stable internal environment in a changing external environment; to keep the body “regular.”
Nervous system
• The body’s way of sending internal electrochemical messages from place to place
Functions of the nervous system:
1) Response to stimuli 2) Control of voluntary muscles and voluntary
reflexes. 3) Control of involuntary muscles (smooth muscle,
cardiac muscle, glands) and autonomic reflexes (heart rate, blood pressure, glandular secretion, etc.)
4) Integration of body processes 5) Responsible for conscious thought and
perception, emotions, personality, the mind
1) Stimulus and Response
Stimulus: Detectable change in the environment
Sensor: Structures that can detect change
Nerve impulse: Electrochemical signal.
Effector: Muscle or gland.
Response: Change in that
gland or muscle.
The Sensor: Sensory Organs
•Eyes
•Ears
•Nose
•Tongue
•Skin/lips
2) Control of Voluntary Muscles and Voluntary Reflexes
The Sensory organs and nerves, along with the voluntary muscles and their nerves make up the peripheral nervous system
The Neuron
(Cyton)
The Neuron
The Synapse
The Nerve Impulse: The Sensory Neuron
The Nerve Impulse: Interneurons
The Nerve Impulse: The Motor Neuron
Effector
Reaction Time Lab
3) Control of involuntary muscles (smooth muscle, cardiac muscle) and autonomic reflexes (heart rate, blood
pressure, etc.)
Holding our breath caused our heart rate to go up
4) Integration of body processes
5) Responsible for conscious thought and perception, emotions,
personality, the mind
The BrainCerebrum:
The “thinking” part; memory and cognition.
Cerebellum
Balance and coordination
Medulla:Involuntary activity (heart rate, breathing)
Corpus CallosumConnects left and right
brain hemispheres
The Brain and Spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System.