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Recent Seismicity and Rapid Response in Ethiopia
Atalay AyeleInstitute of Geophysics Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa
University (Ethiopia)
8/6/2018
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Contents
BackgroundsStatus of Ethiopian Seismic Station NetworkRecent seismicity and experiences in rapid responseChallenges in earthquake and volcanic risk mitigation in EthiopiaConclusions
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Backgrounds
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Meghraoui et al., 2016
The most evolved part of EARSPrototype Ultra slow spreading oceanic ridge
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Backgrounds …
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5‐6 mm/year
1.8‐2cm/year
‐Red dots represent earthquake epicenters with magnitude being proportional to the size of the circle
‐ White stars represent capital cities
‐ yellow stars show major towns in Ethiopia
Arabia plate
Farming and animal herding and hence settlement more favorable around the rift
BUT
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Backgrounds …
Risk is growing with less awareness8/6/2018
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Backgrounds ...
Ayele et al., 2009Belachew et al., 2011
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Seismic station network
Inauguration of AAE in 1962 as one of the WWSSN station and dignitaries and engineers were from AAU, USGS and the US embassy in Addis Ababa
• Seismic monitoring in Ethiopia started in 1959
• AAE remained as one of the world best stations in data quality and continuity of operation
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Current seismic Station Network …
DESE
DILA
ANKE HARA
SEME
AAEFURI
A total of 9 stations
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GERD
GERDWELM
Two more standby stationsWELM
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Current seismic station network
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FURI (Ethiopia)AAE (Ethiopia)DESE (Ethiopia)HARA (Ethiopia)ANKE (Ethiopia)BEKJ (RiftVolk project)MBAR (Uganda)ATD (Djibouti)KMBO (Kenya)LODK (Kenya)
All these stations generate helicorders on daily basis
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8/6/2018 GeoPRISMS TEI RIE Initative Albuquerque, 2017
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8/6/2018 GeoPRISMS TEI RIE Initative Albuquerque, 2017
16 people died and 253 were injured (daily mail)
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Monitoring regional earthquake activities
8/6/2018 ISP/IPPS Grantt Application 2917‐2019, Nairobi, Kenya
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Recent seismicity & rapid responseMarch/April 2015 Fentale swarm
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SEME
DESE
NEKE
DILA
ANKEAAE
FURI
GINR
SABU
BAHI
Clear anisotropy is visible at SABU station
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Recent seismicity & rapid response
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‐The most reported on the media‐There was panic and death due to lack of awareness on how to behave during earthquake crisis
Wilks et al., 2017)
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Recent seismicity & rapid response
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04/12/20164.6 (ML)
27/01/20175.3 Mw
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Recent seismicity & rapid response
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04/12/20164.6 (ML)
18‐21/01/2017NASA image
27/01/20175.3 Mw
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Recent seismicity & rapid response
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Challenges
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10% probability of exeedance in 50 years2% probability of exeedance in 50 years
Ayele (2017)
BUT‐ historical catalogue‐Instrumental catalogue‐ active Fault Mapping/earthquake geology‐ Strain Rate‐ GMPE etc
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Challenges …
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Bekoji station
Frequent power and connectivity failure
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Challenges …• Government manages crisis instead of risk
– Capacity building – outreach
• Episodic international collaborations for naturally episodic activities
• We are missing science b/se of lack of funding for rapid response but risk management, we never had catastrophic event so far and we are not prepared
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Conclusions• Update the seismic hazard map and the building code from the most we can get out of the data
• Enforce the code by legislation• Build capacity in real‐time monitoring & communicate results to the concerned when necessary
• Establish a reliable civil protection authority in the country
• Government attention is episodic and dangerous for developing mitigation capacity in the country
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AcknowledgementsISP (International Science Program) of Uppsala University for supporting our seismological activity and also financially supporting my visit to Kobe.
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