CONFIDENTIAL©2013 GlobalLogic Inc.
QEMU and Raspberry Pi
Instant embedded development
©2013 GlobalLogic Inc. CONFIDENTIAL
• What is QEMU• QEMU Project structure• Extending QEMU• Raspberry Pi on QEMU• Simulating Accelerometer on QEMU• Verification on real platform
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Goals:• How to add support of new hardware to the QEMU (I2C
Accelerometer)
• How to simulate of the new hardware
• Write a simple application to work with Accelerometer
• Demonstrate that it works on the real platform as well as under QEMU
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Environment:• Ubuntu Linux on Host PC
• QEMU for ARM architecture
• Raspbian Linux on Raspberry Pi and QEMU
• QEMU-ready Linux kernel 3.6.11 for the ARM1176JZF-S (RPi)
• Raspberry Pi rev.B
• I2C Accelerometer ADXL345
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What is QEMU ?
− QEMU (short for "Quick EMUlator") is a free and open-source machine emulator and virtualizer written originally by Fabrice Bellard
− Can emulate 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, AMD64 – from x86 architecture
− PowerPC, ARM, MIPS, SPARC, SPARC64
− Work on FreeBSD, FreeDOS, Linux, Windows 9x, Windows 2000, Mac OS X, QNX, Android
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− Available CPUs:
− arm1026
− arm1136
− arm1136-r2
− arm1176
− arm11mpcore
− arm926
− arm946
− cortex-a15
− cortex-a8
− cortex-a9
− cortex-m3
− pxa250
− pxa255
− pxa260
− pxa261
− pxa262
− pxa270-a0
− pxa270-a1
− pxa270
− pxa270-b0
− pxa270-b1
− pxa270-c0
− pxa270-c5
− sa1100
− sa1110
− ti925t
− any
List of supported CPUs (ARM)$ qemu-system-arm –cpu ?
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− smdkc210 Samsung SMDKC210 board (Exynos4210)
− connex Gumstix Connex (PXA255)
− verdex Gumstix Verdex (PXA270)
− highbank Calxeda Highbank (ECX-1000)
− midway Calxeda Midway (ECX-2000)
− integratorcp ARM Integrator/CP (ARM926EJ-S) (default)
− kzm ARM KZM Emulation Baseboard (ARM1136)
− mainstone Mainstone II (PXA27x)
− musicpal Marvell 88w8618 / MusicPal (ARM926EJ-S)
− n800 Nokia N800 tablet aka. RX-34 (OMAP2420)
− n810 Nokia N810 tablet aka. RX-44 (OMAP2420)
− sx1 Siemens SX1 (OMAP310) V2
− sx1-v1 Siemens SX1 (OMAP310) V1
− cheetah Palm Tungsten|E aka. Cheetah PDA (OMAP310)
− realview-eb ARM RealView Emulation Baseboard (ARM926EJ-S)
− realview-eb-mpcore ARM RealView Emulation Baseboard (ARM11MPCore)
− realview-pb-a8 ARM RealView Platform Baseboard for Cortex-A8
− realview-pbx-a9 ARM RealView Platform Baseboard Explore for Cortex-A9
− akita Akita PDA (PXA270)
− spitz Spitz PDA (PXA270)
− borzoi Borzoi PDA (PXA270)
− terrier Terrier PDA (PXA270)
− lm3s811evb Stellaris LM3S811EVB
− lm3s6965evb Stellaris LM3S6965EVB
− tosa Tosa PDA (PXA255)
− versatilepb ARM Versatile/PB (ARM926EJ-S)
− versatileab ARM Versatile/AB (ARM926EJ-S)
− vexpress-a9 ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A9
− vexpress-a15 ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A15
− xilinx-zynq-a9 Xilinx Zynq Platform Baseboard for Cortex-A9
− z2 Zipit Z2 (PXA27x)
List of Platforms (ARM)$ qemu-system-arm -machine ?
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− "gpio_i2c", bus System, "Controller/Bridge/Hub", desc "Virtual GPIO to I2C bridge"
− "usb-host", bus usb-bus, "Controller/Bridge/Hub"
− "usb-ehci", bus PCI, "USB"
− "ich9-usb-ehci2", bus PCI, "USB"
− "ich9-usb-ehci1", bus PCI, "USB"
− "usb-storage", bus usb-bus, "Storage"
− "usb-uas", bus usb-bus, "Storage"
− "i82562", bus PCI, "Network", desc "Intel i82562 Ethernet"
− "virtio-serial-device", bus virtio-bus, "Input"
− "pci-serial", bus PCI, "Input"
− "virtio-serial-pci", bus PCI, alias "virtio-serial", "Input"
− "usb-serial", bus usb-bus, "Input"
− "virtserialport", bus virtio-serial-bus, "Input"
− "AC97", bus PCI, "Sound", desc "Intel 82801AA AC97 Audio"
− "usb-audio", bus usb-bus, "Sound"
− "ds1338", bus i2c-bus, "Misc"
− "ssd0303", bus i2c-bus, "Misc"
− "lm8323", bus i2c-bus, "Misc"
− "max7310", bus i2c-bus, "Misc"
− "tmp105", bus i2c-bus, "Misc"
− "pci-testdev", bus PCI, "Misc", desc "PCI Test Device"
− "smbus-eeprom", bus i2c-bus, "Misc“
− ….
− …
− …
Supported peripherals (ARM):$ qemu-system-arm -device?
• Zynq-7000 ARM Cortex-A9 CPU• Zynq-7000 ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore• Triple Timer Counter• DDR Memory Controller• DMA Controller (PL330)• Static Memory Controller (NAND/NOR Flash)• SD/SDIO Peripheral Controller (SDHCI)• Zynq Gigabit Ethernet Controller• USB Controller (EHCI - Host support only)• Zynq UART Controller• SPI and QSPI Controllers• I2C Controller
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− http://qemu-project.org/Documentation/GettingStartedDevelopers
QEMU Project“QEMU does not have a high level design description document - only the source code tells the full story”
QEMU Cross Reference on Missing Link Electronics
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Extending QEMU
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QDev
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Add statically in platform description file.hw/arm/versatilepb.c :
Add dynamically at startup:
./qemu-system-arm -kernel zImage -cpu arm1176 -m 256 -M versatilepb -no-reboot -serial stdio -append "root=/dev/sda2 panic=1 rootfstype=ext4 rw" -hda wheezy-raspbian.img -device adxl345,bus=/versatile_i2c,address=0x53
QDev
Register new type Add new device
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Qemu I2C slave device
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Read/write registers Emulate control registers behavior Create server socket Read data from socket and fill data registers
adxl345 emulation
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− Python− Linux user space ( python-smbus library)− Linux kernel ( /dev/i2c-0 )− Linux i2c protocol driver− Linux i2c-versatile.c driver
− write to Memory Mapped I/O− Qemu MMIO callback (versatile_i2c.c )
− Qemu i2c slave protocol implementation (bitbang_i2c.c )− Qemu i2c core ( hw/i2c/core.c )
– For address=0x53 : call our callbacks. ( read, write, event )
adxl345 emulation process
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Linux kernel
adxl345 emulation processQemu
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Raspberry Pi The Raspberry Pi is a credit-card-sized single-board computer
Raspberry Pi Model BTarget Price$35
SoCBroadcom BCM2835 (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, USB)CPU700 MHz ARM1176JZF-S core (ARM11 family, ARMv6 instruction set)GPUBroadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz
SDRAM512 MB (shared with GPU) USB 2.0 ports2 via 3-port USB hub
Video outComposite RCA (PAL and NTSC), HDMI, raw LCD Panels via DSI Audio out3.5 mm jack, HDMI, and I²S audio
StorageSD / MMC / SDIO card slotNetwork10/100 Ethernet
Peripherals8 × GPIO, UART, I²C bus, SPI, I²S audio, +3.3 V, +5 V, groundPower700 mA (3.5 W)
Power Source5 volt via MicroUSB, GPIO headerSize86 x 54 mm
Weight45g
OSArch Linux ARM, Debian GNU/Linux, Gentoo, Fedora, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Plan 9, Raspbian OS, RISC OS, Slackware Linux
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Raspberry Pi on QEMUEmulating Raspberry Pi – The easy way (XEC DESIGN)http://xecdesign.com/qemu-emulating-raspberry-pi-the-easy-way
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Simulating Accelerometer on QEMU
Netcat: $nc 10.0.2.15 7766 < data.txt
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QEMU: Open source processor emulator: http://wiki.qemu.org/Manual
QEMU – Compiling for ARM (1176) emulation (XEC DESIGN): http://xecdesign.com/compiling-qemu/
Compiling an ARM1176 kernel for QEMU (XEC DESIGN): http://xecdesign.com/compiling-a-kernel/
QEMU – Emulating Raspberry Pi the easy way (XEC DESIGN): http://xecdesign.com/qemu-emulating-raspberry-pi-the-easy-way/
Hardware virtualization with QEMU: http://alien.slackbook.org/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=slackware:qemu
KVM Forum 2013: Implementing New Block Drivers: A QEMU Developer Primer by Jeff Codyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybNaEeQ2jgo
HOWTO: Virtual Raspbian on Qemu in Ubuntu Linux 12.10: http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=37386
Raspberry Pi Wiki: http://elinux.org/RPi_Hub
Links:
CONFIDENTIAL©2013 GlobalLogic Inc.
Stuff
Igor Kaplinsky Senior Embedded Software Developermail: [email protected]
Taras Protsiv Embedded Software Developermail: [email protected]
Volodymyr Shymanskyy Embedded Software Developermail: [email protected]
©2013 GlobalLogic Inc. CONFIDENTIAL
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